英语应用能力考试B级辅导材料.doc

材料一 构词法A. 加后缀 B.加前缀1 构成名词 un- 不 happy-unhappy comfortable-uncomfortable-er work-worker teach-teacher in- 不 formal-informal convenient-inconvenient-or act-actor sail-sailor im- 不 possible-impossible polite-impolite-ee employ-employee train-trainee ir- 不 regular-irregular il 不 legal-illegal-ness happy-happiness ill-illness non- 不，非 existent-nonexistent-(a)tion compete-competition re- 再，又 tell-retell write-rewriteprepare-preparation mis-错误地 understand-misunderstand misspell-sion discuss-discussion decide-decision pre- 预先，之前的 school-preschool-ment argue-argument move-movement -ty loyal-loyalty safe-safety -ity possible-possibility real-reality2.构成形容词 -ful use-useful faith-faithful-less care-careless home-homeless-ive act-active protect-protective-ous vary-various continue-continuous-able value-valuable accept-acceptable-al accident-accidental continue-continual-y rain-rainy storm-stormy3.构成动词-en wide-widen soft-soften4.构成副词－ly happy-happily simple-simply应试方法与技巧：1. 掌握基本的构词法方法；2. 根据上下文判断括号中的词改变成什么词性，若是动词，要判断是谓语动词或非谓语动词。

谓语动词：注意 时态；语态非谓语动词：根据上下文判断用 to do (不定式)；doing (动名词)； doing (现在分词) done （过去分词）the ,a(an), this, that, these, those, my, your +n.(名词)a.（形容词）+ n. （名词）ad. （副词）+ a. （形容词）v. (动词) + ad. （副词 ）练习 用括号中的词的适当形式填空1． The teacher got (anger)__________ and threw a book at the book .2． I lost my keys and couldn’t (lock) ____________the door .3． If you use this chemical to clean your shirt, the stains (appear)___________ immediately .4． His ( survive)_____________ is still uncertain; he has been very badly hurt and may die .5． I pay the house on a (month) ___________ basis .6． Price control seams to be the only (solve) ____________ to the problem of the rising cost of living.7． I was disappointed when I heard that my offer met with a cold (refuse) ______________ .8． I can forgive a mistake but I can’t forgive (honest) _____________ .9． The doctor received an (urge ) ____________ call from the parents of the injured child .10. The child told the (true) ____________ when he said he hadn’t broken the window .12. There are notices showing arrivals and (depart) _____________ of trains near the booking office.13. One of our (differ ) ____________ is that he likes musicals and I like science fiction.14. The local government decided to (wide) ___________ the main streets in the city .15. We need to think it over before making the (decide) ______________.16. (fail) ____________ is the mother success.17. The conference turned down a number of unreasonable (propose) ________________ .18 The youth is completely (quality) ____________ to be a teacher; for he has just graduated from the normal University .19. what is the ( action) ______________ of Mr. Li to the plan made to improve the production line .20. It is difficult (soft ) _____________ hard plastics after they are taken from the models.21. Old people don’t like to (various) __________ their habits .22. The (possible ) ____________ of man’s traveling to the moon has now been proved 23. Our teacher aroused our (curious) ___________ in class .24. Her ( die )______________ appearance was de to long illness .25. Put everything in its place . (tidy) ____________ is very important .26. John seems a clever person . Even so, I don’t like his strange ( behave ) _________27. Those ( guilt ) _________ of a serious crime must be severely punished . ..28 she may need an (operate)_____________ on her knee .29. It is ( danger ) ______________to walk on thin ice on a lake .30. He looked at me with ( hate) _hatred in his eyes .Answers: angry; unlock; disappear; survival; monthly; solution; refusal; honesty; urgent; truth; departure; differences; widen; decision; Failure; proposal; qualified; reaction; soften; vary; possibility; curiosity; dead; Tidiness; behavior; guilty; operation; dangerous; hatred二．虚拟语气A. if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气表示的情况 从 句 主 句与现在事实相反 动词过去式（were） should/would(could、might)+ 原形与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 should/would(could、might)+have+-ed与将来事实相反 动词过去式（were）should+原形were to+原形should/would(could、might)+ 原形注：1. if 从句中含有 were，had 或 should，将 were，had 或 should 移至句首，把 if 省略，形成倒装。

2. 由介词短语 without …, but for …(如果不)引出的虚拟条件，相当于 if 引导的虚拟条件句，主句位于动词与 if 条件句相同Eg. I could not have passed the piano test without ( but for ) your guidance .B. 宾语从句的虚拟语气1． Wish that+ 动词过去式 （表示与现在的愿望相反）+ had –ed (表示与过去的愿望相反)2．Suggest（propose） （建议）\Ask( request) (请求)\ order(demand)（命令）\ insist (坚持)+that + (should) + 动词原形 （should 可省略）C. 主语从句的虚拟语气It is suggested\proposed \ordered\ desired\ necessary\ important +that + (should) + 动词原形（should 可省略）注： It is (high) time that + 动词的过去式D. lest (for fear) that + (should) + v. 引导的状语从句 表示 “以防，万一，恐怕”eg. Please remind me lest ( for fear ) that I should forget .E . as if (as though) 引导的状语从句 表示 “好像，似乎”as if。