
煤矿井下无轨胶轮车油气悬架动态特性仿真与优化.pdf
76页太原理工大学 硕士学位论文 煤矿井下无轨胶轮车油气悬架动态特性仿真与优化 姓名:江帅 申请学位级别:硕士 专业:车辆工程 指导教师:韩振南;樊运平 20100401 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 I 煤矿井下无轨胶轮车油气悬架动态特性仿真与优化 摘 要 无轨胶轮车具有灵活、机动、安全、高效、应用范围广等特点,是输 送材料、 设备及人员的一种先进辅助运输车辆, 在煤矿井下得到了广泛的 应用和推广 鉴于井下的复杂路况, 无轨胶轮车对悬架系统的性能要求比 较高油气悬架系统,由于其优越的非线性弹性特性和良好的减振性能, 能够较好地满足矿山工程车辆的要求 开展对油气悬架系统的研究, 对提 高无轨胶轮车的整体性能具有重要的意义 本文以 WC5 型无轨防爆胶轮车用油气悬架为研究对象,主要做了以下 几个方面的研究: (1)结合无轨胶轮车油气悬架的特点与应用及其在国内外的发展现状, 介绍了无轨胶轮车油气悬架的结构形式和工作原理, 建立了油气悬架的物 理模型和数学模型, 对油气悬架系统特性进行了仿真分析, 总结了相关参 数对油气悬架的位移特性和速度特性的影响 (2)建立了油气悬架的刚度特性和阻尼特性的数学模型,分析了油气悬 架的非线性刚度特性和非线性阻尼特性, 研究了油气悬架的结构参数和工 作参数对刚度和阻尼特性的影响。
(3)建立了两自由度四分之一车辆油气悬架的物理模型和数学模型,在 此基础上利用 ADAMS/VIEW 建立的两自由度四分之一车辆油气悬架的虚拟 样机模型和 MATLAB/SIMULINK 软件生成的随机路面模型进行了车辆的平 顺性仿真分析,并把仿真结果与车辆平顺性评价指标进行了对比 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 II (4)通过对两自由度四分之一车辆油气悬架振动模型进行的结构参数的 试验设计分析, 选取了对车辆行驶平顺性影响较大的试验变量进行油气悬 架结构参数的优化设计, 使油气悬架的车辆行驶平顺性比优化前有了明显 改善 本文对无轨胶轮车油气悬架进行了动力学仿真分析与优化设计, 为油 气悬架的设计研发提供了理论参考整个研究工作都以计算机虚拟设计、 仿真分析为主, 对于汽车产品研发过程中缩短研发周期、 降低研发成本和 提高产品质量都有一定的现实意义 关键词:无轨胶轮车,油气悬架,仿真,平顺性,优化 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 III SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTIC OF HYDRO-PNEUMATIC SUSPENSION OF TRACKLESS RUBBER TIRE VEHICLE IN COAL MINE ABSTRACT Trackless rubber tire vehicle is widely applied in underground mines, which is an advanced auxiliary transport vehicle for conveying material, equipment and personnel because of its advantages such as flexible, motor, safety, high efficiency, and wide range of application. Due to the complex conditions in underground mines, the requirement is strict to the performance of suspension system of trackless rubber tire vehicle. The hydro-pneumatic suspension (HPS) system can meet the need of mining engineering vehicles very well because of its advanced nonlinear characteristics and shock-absorption performance. To improve the overall performance of trackless rubber tire vehicle, it’s especially important to analysis on the HPS system. This paper makes a research on the HPS system of WC5 flameproof trackless rubber tire vehicle. The contents are as follows: (1) According to the characteristic, application and the current development situation at home and abroad of HPS of trackless rubber tire vehicle’s, the structures and working principle are introduced in this paper. 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 IV And the physical model and mathematical model of HPS of trackless rubber tire vehicle are established. Also a simulation analysis is done to get the displacement characteristics and speed characteristics of HPS. The paper summarizes the influence of related parameters of HPS on the displacement characters and velocity characters. (2) Stiffness and damp coefficient characteristics of mathematical model of HPS are established to analyze the nonlinear stiffness and damp coefficient characteristics. The paper also makes a research on the influence of structure and working parameters of HPS on the stiffness and damp coefficient characteristics. (3) Physical and mathematical models of the two degrees of freedom of a quarter vehicle of HPS are built. By using ADAMS/VIEW, the paper establishes a virtual prototyping model, with which the paper makes a simulation analysis combined with the random road model set in MATLAB/SIMULINK, and then makes a comparison between the evaluation indexes of ride comfort of vehicle and the simulation result. (4) Through experimental design analysis on the structural parameters for vibration model of two degrees freedom a quarter vehicle of HPS, the paper chooses some test variables of great influence to vehicle ride comfort to carry on the optimization design, and obtains an obvious improvement on the vehicle ride comfort. In this paper, dynamic simulation and optimization of HPS are achieved, 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 V which provides a theoretical reference for the design and research of HPS. The whole research work concentrates on the virtual design and analysis. This is of great significance to the reduction of time and cost of design and the increasing of product quality in the process of vehicle design. KEY WORDS: trackless rubber tire vehicle,hydro-pneumatic suspension, simulation, ride comfort, optimization 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 1 第 1 章 绪论 1.1 选题的目的和意义 由于煤矿无轨胶轮车辆行驶的路况比较恶劣,路面起伏不平,车架及车身经常会 受到巨大的冲击,为了提高车辆行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性,减少动载荷引起的零部件 损坏,提高车辆的使用寿命,需要采用一种能同时兼顾几方面要求的悬架系统 [1]。
据统计,井下运输类胶轮车主要有钢板弹簧、空气弹簧和油气弹簧三种形式的悬 架系统 [2][3]: (1)钢板弹簧悬架—由若干片等宽但不等长的合金弹簧片组合而成的一根近似 等强度的弹性梁,结构简单、成本低,但其弹性特性为线性,减振效果较差、纵向空 间大,在中、重型胶轮车上使用时不好布置 (2)空气弹簧悬架—在橡胶气囊密封容器中充入压缩气体,利用气体的可压缩 性实现其弹性作用的装置,具有减振特性柔和、使用方便的优点,但气囊体积较大, 会增加车辆的高度和宽度 (3)油气弹簧悬架—以油液作为传力介质,以气体为弹性介质的装置,与空气 弹簧悬架一样具有减振特性柔和的良好性能,结构紧凑占用空间小,能较好的适用于 井下车辆使用 油气悬架系统,由于其优越的非线性弹性特性和良好的减振性能,能够较好地满 足矿山工程车辆的要求 [4]鉴于井下的复杂路况,油气悬架技术的提高对胶轮车的发 展显得非常关键,因此,开展对油气悬架系统的研究具有重要的意义 1.2 无轨胶轮车综述 1.2.1 无轨胶轮车的特点与应用 无轨胶轮车一般采用铰接车身,前车为牵引车,后车为承载车,转弯半径较小 (3-6m) ,能够在井下巷道的恶劣路面上自由行驶。
车身较低,一般不超过 1.5m,矮 的不超过 1m,使用泡沫塑料轮胎或重型充气轮胎,行驶速度较低,为 1-6m/s无轨 胶轮车辅助运输是井下无轨辅助运输方式之一, 可以从地面直接运送人员及设备到开 太原理工大学硕士学位论文 2 采区与传统的辅助运输方式相比,具有以下特点:运输。












