张爱玲小说的创作姿态及其叙事法则.pdf

华中科技大学 硕士学位论文 张爱玲小说的创作姿态及其叙事法则 姓名：王莉 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：中文系现当代文学 指导教师：李俊国 20070601 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I 摘摘 要要 四十年代的“孤岛”形成了一种奇特的文化景象，当时在大后方不能出版的文 学作品、不能上演的戏，只要没有明显直露的抗日言词，在“孤岛”上反而可以问 世抗战前，曹聚仁就曾预言战争期间会开出一朵“新的文艺之花” ，它“将和过去 的纯文艺或带政治宣传作用的文艺不同，它是综合新旧文艺，兼采新旧文艺之长， 而为一般大众所喜爱的 ”张爱玲的文学创作就是这样的一朵文艺之花张爱玲带着 她的中短篇小说于 1943 年左右登上沉寂的上海文坛，她独具特色的艺术才华使她很 快成为红极一时的女作家 张爱玲以一个在现代化都市中寄居者的身份书写着她所熟识的城市，她的一举 成名是与用商业化模式操作通俗小说的上海文坛“一拍即合”的在四十年代的上 海她所接触文学生产机制是在市场经济和商业竞争中建立起来的：个人利益的概念 被明确化，一切成就的准则被物化为金钱，实惠的生活哲学取代了统一的终极的精 神性目标。

在这样的文化氛围的影响下，张爱玲既不能像三十年代的进步和“左翼” 作家们那样热血沸腾地反映时代，接触现实，写出《子夜》 、 《雷雨》 ；更不能像同时 期解放区作家们那样自由自在地放手写《小二黑结婚》 、 《太阳照在桑干河上》等等， 而是形成了她独特的创作情感姿态——彰显日常生活的题材，把目光投向了日常生 活中的小人物的内心，深入他们以情欲为中心的无意识领域，在他们在看似琐屑的 平凡中揭示出普通人性的弱点张爱玲的小说是关于文明与人性的哀歌，而张爱玲 哀歌的主旨，并不是对社会的批判，更谈不上对社会的改造，而只是殖民地与半殖 民地的现代都市（香港与上海）的背景中，客观冷静的展示人的精神的堕落与不安， 引起读者的共鸣张爱玲在对人性的客观冷静的揭示同时也表现出了具有现代主义 意味的“荒原”、“虚无”的意识，带着点城市人的孤独书写她寄居着的城市，这 也是她作品的独特之处独特的情感姿态也带来了她个性的叙事法则：传统的小说 形式糅合现代性的小说技法——传统小说章回体的结构形式和全知型的叙述视角夹 杂着现代性的纷繁惊艳的意象、细腻的心理细节、电影“蒙太奇”场景转换、天才 的比喻等等，凡人琐事在她现代性叙事技巧的观照之下反射出一种陌生化的效果， 这种技巧显示出了张爱玲创作的特殊要求和独特价值。

关键词：关键词：张爱玲 创作姿态 叙事法则 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II Abstract “Isolated island“ of 40's became a kind of geezer cultural prospects, can't publishing at the big rear at that time of literature work, can't present to public of drama, as long as didn't keep the anti- day that the white shows to talk a phrase obviously, can publish on the contrary on“isolated island“.Before fighting the invading army, CaoJu reng once predicted war will open a “the flower of new literature“ for period, it“will with past pure literature or take political publicity the literature of the function a dissimilarity, it is comprehensive lately old literature, and adopt lately old literature of long, but is what general public like.“Piece the literature creations which Eileen Chang is a the flower of literature like this ,Eileen Chang takes her medium short story to ascend dead silent Shanghai literary circles in around 1943, she has the art artistic talent of special features to make her become red very a fit of woman writer very quickly only. Eileen Chang puts up at the identity of to write her in the modern city by 1 familiar know of city, she with one action establish a reputation is with operate with the commercial mode popular novel of the Shanghai literary circles “become good partners after brief contact“.The Shanghai's literature production that she get in touch with's mechanism that is in 40's builds up in the market economy and the business competition:Personal concept of benefits is definitely turned, all the standards of the achievement is changed into money by the thing, living philosophy of real benefit replaced an united ultimate end spirit target.At thus of under the influence of cultural atmosphere, Eileen Chang since can't be like progress and“left wing“ writers of 30's to have a boiling passion so for a ground of reflection ages, contact reality, write 《midnight 》 , 《thunder-storm 》 ;Can't even be like the area writers of the corresponding period liberation then the freedom lets go to write at ease 《small two black matrimonies 》 , 《the sun shine on on the mulberry dry river 》 etc., but become her special creations emotion carriage-show daily life of topic, chase vision hurl to the heart of the small potato in the daily life, go deep into them to take sensual desire as central of unconscious realm, announce to public a common run of people weakness in see the petty 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 III banality at them. Eileen Chang's novel is a sad song concerning the civilization and the human nature, but the subject of the song of Eileen Chang's sad song isn't the judgment to the society, , talking more not ascend to society of reformation, but just the modern city(Hong Kong and Shanghai) of colony and semi-colony of in the background, depravity and discomfort of the spirit of objective and calm demonstration person, cause the reader's resonance . Eileen Chang at to humanistic objective calm of announced to public to also express to have “ wilderness “ of modernism meaning, “unreal“ of consciousness, take to order city a person of standing alone write the city that she puts up at, this is also the special place of her work. The special emotion carriage also brought her character to recount rule:The traditional novel form combines modernity of novel skill-traditional novel chapter return to body of the description angle of view of the structure form and omniscience type mix up with modernity of the parable etc. of the numerous and complicated and surprised and gorgeous idea, delicate mental detail, the view conversion, genius of the movie“montage“ field, the ordinary mortal trifles recounts technique in her modernity of the view shine on under reflect a kind of unfamiliar result for turning of, this kind of the technique displayed the special request of the creations of the A with special value. keyword ：：Eileen Chang Emoti。