宋代五大名窑和青花瓷英语.ppt

FivefamouskilnsinSongDynastyblueandwhiteporcelainGroup5LihaoChinese ceramics of the Song Dynasty constitute theforemostexpressionofceramicart.DuringtheSongperiod,aunity of the essential components fundamental to the art:vessel shape, potting techniques, glaze, decoration, firingprocesses,andaesthetictheorywereallcombinedinahighstandardofexcellence.whichledtoavarietyofclassicwares,usually associated with a specific region of China. Theseincludedthecourt-patronizedfivefamouskilns:Ru(汝),Guan(官),Ge(哥),Jun(钧),Ding(定)wares;Charm of song porcelainDing kilnItspasteiswhite,generallycoveredwithanalmosttransparentglazethatdrippedandcollectedin“tears“(蜡泪痕).Duetothewaythedisheswerestackedinthekiln,theedgedremainedunglazed,andhadtoberimmedinmetalsuchasgoldorsilverwhenusedastableware.DingDing ware was produced in Ding Xian, Hebei Province. when the Song emperors came to power in 940,Dingware was the finest porcelain produced in northern China at the time, and was the first to enter the palace for official imperial use.Ru kilnRu wares range in colorfromnearlywhite to a deep robins eggand oftenarecoveredwithreddish-browncrackles.Thecracklesarecausedwhentheglazecoolsandcontractsfasterthanthebody,thus having to stretch and ultimately tosplit.Song dynasty was the first period thatviewed crazing as a merit rather than adefect.玛瑙为釉古相传,雨过天晴云破处Ru warewasproducedinRuzhouHenanprovinceforimperialuseandisthemostfamouswareinthefivekilns.名瓷之首，汝瓷为魁北宋汝窑天青釉葵花洗2012年年 香港拍卖会，香港拍卖会，北宋汝窑天青釉葵花洗拍卖北宋汝窑天青釉葵花洗拍卖2 2亿港元，刷新宋瓷世界拍卖纪录亿港元，刷新宋瓷世界拍卖纪录Jun kiln CharacterizedbyathickerbodythanDingorRuware,Juniscoveredwithaturquoiseandpurpleglaze,sothickandviscouslookingthatitalmostseemstobemeltingoffitssubstantialgolden-brownbody. Notonly are Jun vessels more thickly potted, their shape is much morerobustthanthefineJunpieces.世上朱砂非所拟，西方宝石致难同。

世上朱砂非所拟，西方宝石致难同乾隆乾隆JunwarewasathirdstyleofporcelainusedattheNorthernSongcourtandwasproducedinYuzhouHenanprovinceGuan kilnIt was during this period that wallsbecomesothinandglazesothickthatthelattersupersededtheformerinbreadth.AstheclayinthefoothillsaroundLinanwasabrownishcolorandtheglazesoviscus. Guanware,literallymeansofficialware;socertainRu,Jun,andevenDingcouldbeconsideredGuaninthebroadsenseofbeingproducedforthecourt.Strictlyspeaking,however,thetermonlyappliestothatproducedbyanofficialimperiallyrunkiln,whichdidnotstartuntiltheSouthernSongfledtheadvancingJinandsettledatLinan.Ge kilnGewareliterallymeansbig-brotherware,becauselegendhasitthatoftwo brothers working in Longquan, one made the typicalceladonstyleceramics,buttheeldermadeGeware,producedinhisprivatekiln.Gewarebasicallycomprisetwotypesonewithawarmrice-yellowglaze and two sets of crackles, a more prominent set of darker colorinterspersedwithafinersetofreddishlines(金丝铁线).TheotherGewareismuchlikeGuanware,withgrayishglazeandonesetofcrackles.青花瓷青花瓷传世的美丽传世的美丽blueandwhiteporcelainItisbelievedthatunderglazeblueandwhiteporcelainwasfirstmadeintheTangDynasty.blue and white wares are glazed using a transparentporcelainglaze.Thebluedecorationispaintedontothebodyoftheporcelainbefore glazing, using very finely groundcobalt oxidemixed withwater.珍珠白沁就烟雨 孔雀蓝映著月光 莹透的素颜 朦胧了琴弦上一缕檀香blueandwhiteporcelainwiththeadventoftheMingDynastyin1368,blueandwhitewarewasshunnedforatimebytheCourt,especiallyundertheHongwuandYongleEmperors.BlueandwhiteporcelainhowevercamebacktoprominencewiththeXuandeEmperor,andagaindevelopedfromthattimeon.(青花首推宣德)Blue and white porcelain started to be flourishing in the Yuandynastybecausethecourtliketheplainbluecolorandanplentyofcobaltmaterials.blueandwhiteporcelainBlueandwhiteporcelainhowevercamebacktoprominencewiththeXuandeEmperor,andagaindevelopedfromthattimeon.blueandwhiteporcelainwiththeadventoftheMingDynastyin1368,blueandwhitewarewasshunnedforatimebytheCourt,especiallyundertheHongwuandYongleEmperors.BlueandwhiteporcelainmadeatJingdezhenprobablyreachedtheheight of its technical excellence during the reign of theKangxiemperoroftheQingDynastyblueandwhiteporcelain青花瓷青花瓷现代美现代美青花瓷青花瓷瓷美人瓷美人Thankyouforyourpatience。