高考英语听力理解.ppt

  高考英语听力理解高考英语听力理解 高考听力是为了考查学生理解口头英语的能力，录音材料的语言难度略低于阅读材料，采用对话和独白两种形式语言材料内容多样化，涉及内容广泛，包含日常生活，文化教育，风土人情，时事人物，科普等方面的内容，具有特定的交际情景 高考听力考试有以下特点：1、对说话的背景做出推断任何形式的交流都是在一定背景下进行通过听对话学生能正确判断对话所发生的地点，在学校、商店、图书馆、机场、车站、办公室、街上、饭店、旅馆、公共场所，还是失物招领所等地  2、对说话者之间的关系做出判断要求判断说话者之间的关系是夫妻、父女、父子、母子、母女、师生，还是其他关系 3、对说话的细节做出推断要求考生对说话的时间地点、任务、目的、原因、结果或具体的数字进行推断 4、对说话者的主旨、意图、观点、态度进行推断.听力主要考查以下五方面的能力：1. 听清、听懂对话或短文内容的能力2. 理解对话或短文，分析、确认事实细节的能力3. 把握整体内容，进行概括总结，理解主旨大意的能力。

4. 根据材料内容或说话者的语气、语调，进行推理、判断的能力5. 根据材料内容或背景信息，推测相关具体内容的能力 高考英语听力试题由第一节单项听力(第1-5段，每段材料仅读一遍)和第二节整体听力(第6-10段，每段材料读两遍)两部分组成单项听力对话材料简短，语言信息量小，所设问题大部分都为直接性的表层理解题，同学们往往通过认真读题，捕捉听力材料中的相关信息即能找到正确答案而整体听力以成段成篇的对话或独白为材料，每个听力材料所提供的信息量大，语言材料较难，句子结构较为复杂，所设问题综合性强  . 高考英语听力测试约需20分钟左右，共20个小题，计分30分设问全部是特殊疑问句，几乎涵盖了所有的疑问类型，如：what(主旨或内容) , who（关系或身份）, when（时间）, where（地点）, why（原因）, how（方式）, what time（具体时间）, how many（数）, how much（量）, how long（长短）, how old（年龄）, how soon（多久）, how often（频率） 等听力考试中常出现Where does the conversation take place ?What is the man’s profession?, 之类的问题，考生要通过对话的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点、人物职业、人物关系等。

熟悉特定的场景用语和关键词，这一点很重要记住下面一些常用的场景用语餐馆（restaurant）用语：menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, soup, dish, beer, food, soft drink等; 医院（hospital）用语:take medicine, temperature, pill , headache, running a fever, blood pressure 等;宾馆（hotel）用语:luggage, single room, double room., room number 等;邮局(post office)用语：mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, telegram等机场(airport)用语：flight, take off, land, luggage等车站(railway station)用语：round trip, single trip, sleeping car等商店(shop)用语：on sale, size, price, change等学校(school)用语：professor, exam, course, dining hall, playground等听力按类型和特点分为如下几类并归纳其特点。

一、理解主旨要义为了把握所听内容的主旨要义，听音时不因该纠缠在某些不太重要的细节口语中常有停顿、迟疑、重复，强调或有重读，或者还会放慢语速，这就要求我们会体会说话人的口气，抓住关键的词语，从总体上把握对话或独白的要意我们常用到的提问方式有：What are the two speakers talking about?What do we know about … ?What can we learn from the conversation?What can we learn from what the speaker said?二、获取事实性的具体信息；这些信息涉及到具体的时间、地点、数字、人物等数字类常见的问句有：When … ?What time … ?How long/old/soon/many/much … ?地点和去向的常见问句有：Where is the … ?Where does/did … ?Where are the … ?Where is the man/woman going?人物身份与职业的常用提问方式有：Who are the speakers?Who is the speaker/man/woman?Who/What is … ?三、对说话背景、说话者之间的关系做出判断。

常见的提问方式有：What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?Where does this conversation take place?Where is the man/woman/speaker?Where are the two speakers now?When does the conversation take place?四、理解说话者的意图、观点、态度一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或提出问题，或阐述自己的观点想法，或表明自己的态度意见这实际上在很大程度上有利于对整个对话的理解有时，说话者的意图或观点是明确表达出来的，有时则隐含在对话中，需要听者自己去揣摩推断，听出“弦外之音”常用的提问方式有：What does the man/woman mean?What does the man/woman think of … ?What does the man/ woman/speaker suggest … ?What do we know about … ?What can we learn from … ?What does the man/woman say about…?听力应是技巧 影响英语听力的因素有语音、词汇、语速、语调、重音、句法等语言因素，以及文化背景、记忆力和应试心理等非语言因素，考生要克服这些障碍，只有强化训练，才会有重大突破。

因此，为了有效地提高听力水平与听力应试能力，必须多听多练但依靠大量练习是不够的，还需要掌握正确的方法与技巧，从而更有效的提高听力训练的效率  听力应试技巧基本上分两个部分 第一部分就是我们通常讲的预测、模糊、笔记与排除四大方法 预测预测，就是在听音前根据卷面信息预测确定听音重点；在听音过程中根据关联词预测， 根据上一句预测下一句 模糊模糊，就是要把握语篇的意义，把重点放在听中心思想、主旨与说话人的意图上，而不是辨别单个词义上，尤其是在遇到不熟悉的词或短语时，不要紧张，要学会放弃有的学生在听力测试时，希望把每一句话，每一个单词都听得清清楚楚，明明白白，事实上没有这个必要的 笔记笔记，就是根据题目要求有针对性的记下特定的信息，以克服听懂了但记不住，从而影响答题的正确率 排除排除，就是根据自己的感觉与背景知识，排除不太可能的选项，例如文中完全没有提到的选项、与文中陈述完全相反的选项、与全文内容或句子意义无关的选项、不符合一般的逻辑与常识的选项等排除法可用在听音前与听音后两个阶段 听力应试技巧的第二部分就是掌握解决不同类型设问的技巧下面就高考听力题所考查的几个方面的内容进行分类总结并对每一类题型的解题方法和技巧进行说明 。

一、 行为的判断这类题型的检测点集中在过去、现在与未来的行动方面.1．判断选择谈话者采取什么行为或预测下一步的行为通常谈话中会提供多个行动，这种听力的重点应放在所做的事情及此事对谈话者的影响，判断说话者想干什么，不想干什么， 从而做出选择2．有时谈话者会描述他的行为，考生需从他的描述中判断他到底想干什么3．谈话者中的一方对另一方提出的建议以帮助对方决定下一步的行为或者是谈话一方主动向另一方提供帮助等这种谈话必然涉及多种行为，解题时一定要注意动作的发出者是哪一方，遇到的是什么问题，建议的是哪种行为，不要混淆这种题目的难度较高，有的要考生全面理解对话的内容设问方式包括：What did the man do last night?What is the man doing now?What does the man ask Susan to do?What is the woman going to do?How does the man + v…? 等多种形式特别提示: 根据设问来确定听音的重点，是一种有效的方法2．What will the speakers discuss ?（2005）A．A report B．A computer C．A report on computer 本题考查对第二个人所说的话的理解，她坚持要求先谈论report,其他的以后再说，所以选择A。

Text 2 M: I know you want to talk about this report, but I’d like to tell you about my new computer. W: Let’s keep to the point. We can talk about that later, all right? M: Ok.3．What are the speakers talking about ?（2005）A．A child B．A room C．A present 本题考查对一幅画也就是一件圣诞礼物的对话的理解，所以选择CText 3 W: Bill that’s a lovely painting in your living room. M: I’m glad you like it. It’s a Christmas gift from my son. W: Well. It’s beautiful. Your son has very good taste.3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?（2006）A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Worried.本题考查对细节M: About 8 kilometers, but it doesn’t seem that far, there isn’t much traffic along this road. It’s great to go by bike.的理解。

所以选择AText 3 W: Do you live very far from your school? M: About 8 kilometers, but it doesn’t seem that far, there isn’t much traffic along this road. It’s great to go by bike.4. When can the man get the computers?（2006）A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday本题考查对细节M: Well, it depends. If it’s less than 10 kilometers, we can deliver them on Tuesday, but if it’s farther away, it will be on Thursday. Where is your office? W: Just around the corner.的理解所以选择AText 4 W: Now, can we get the computers before Wednesday? M: Well, it depends. If it’s less than 10 kilometers, we can deliver them on Tuesday, but if it’s farther away, it will be on Thursday. Where is your office? W: Just around the corner.1. Who is coming for tea?（2007） A. John. B. Mark. C. Tracy.本题考查对细节W: John. Is Mark coming for tea tomorrow? M: Yes, I told you yesterday, Tracy.的理解。

所以选择BText 1 W: John. Is Mark coming for tea tomorrow? M: Yes, I told you yesterday, Tracy. W: Oh, did you? Sorry, I must have forgotten.2. What will the man do next?（2007） A. Leave right away. B. Stay for dinner. C. Catch a train. 本题考查对细节W: What’s the hurry?和M: Well, thank you. But Helen and I have to meet my parents at the railway station的理解所以选择AText 2 W: What’s the hurry? We’d like you to stay for dinner. M: Well, thank you. But Helen and I have to meet my parents at the railway station.二、 数字题数字题的检测点主要有时间、价格、运算、号码等。

数字题经常出现，但考生的答对率却不高，考生在这方面的缺点主要表现在：1．对数字的表达方式还不够熟悉，如an hour and a half behind schedule = to miss…by an hour and a half = an hour and a half late = late by one hour and a half = to be delayed for an hour and a half;2．答题技巧的运用不够熟练；3．不能排除同音和近音的干扰，如eight thirty表示8:30，eighteen thirty表示18:30 2．注意表示数的存在或引起数的变化的动词， 数字词的加减关系由它们决定 高考听力试题中关于数字题的设问通常有两种类型： 1）利用同音和近音的干扰来设计，这种题目较容易2）正确的答案不是直接能听到的数字，通常是信息上与其相同或相近，或是换了一种表达方式，或是要对数字进行简单的运算，这种题目的难度较高特别提示：1．要听清楚这些数字及它们之间的关系例如就时间题而言，在把握时间表达法的基础上，首先要听清时间与发生时间之间的关系（关注与时间有关的副词），尤其要注意时间上的提前和推后，然后再进行正确的换算。

2．注意表示数的存在或引起数的变化的动词， 数字词的加减关系由它们决定 设问方式包括： When…? What time…? What day…? On what time…? How long…? How much…? How old…? How soon…? How many…? How often…? How far away…? 等多种形式1．How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts ?（2005）A．$18B．$19C．$20 本题考查对价格的把握一条10元，买两条少收一元，所以选择B.Text 1 W: Very nice skirts. How much are they? M: $10 each and one dollar off, if you buy two. They are on sale.17．How many people are there in the woman’s family ?（2005）A．Three B．Four C．Five 本题考查对细节Because my husband and I both work and our three children are busy with their studies. We seldom had a chance to get together as a family.的理解。

所以选择C19．How often did the family finally decide to have meals together ?（2005）A．Every Sunday B．Twice a week .C．Three times a week 本题考查对细节Then my son had the idea that everyone told me his or her most convenient days and I would choose the two best days.的理解所以选择BText10 M: Could you suggest some ways to bring family members closer together? W: Well. I feel it is very important for families to have regular meals together. One of my good childhood memories was dinner with my parents and two sisters. Because my husband and I both work and our three children are busy with their studies. We seldom had a chance to get together as a family. But we thought it would be possible for us to sit and enjoy meals together every week. First we tried setting free fixed days—Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. But almost everyone was unhappy. Then my son had the idea that everyone told me his or her most convenient days and I would choose the two best days. For a while, the children were still unhappy with the idea. They said they would rather spend the time with their friends playing sports. Gradually, though, they began to see these evenings together as interesting and helpful. We laughed a lot. We made plans for trips. We discussed each other’s problems. After a couple of months anyone who had to miss a family meal felt regretful. And now we all feel that we had been able to build much stronger relationships within the family than we had before.1. How much will the man pay for the tickets?（2006）A. ￡7.5 B. ￡15 C. ￡50本题考查对话W: They’re 15 pounds each, but student tickets are half price. M: Could I have two student tickets please?中价格的理解。

所以选择BText 1 M: How much are the tickets? W: They’re 15 pounds each, but student tickets are half price. M: Could I have two student tickets please?2. Which is the right gate for the man‘s flight?（2006）A. Gate 16. B. Gate 22. C. Gate 25.本题考查对细节W: Oh, it’s just changed, Gate 25, down that way on the right.的理解所以选择CText 2 M: Excuse me. I just want to check the boarding gate for BA1-16 to London. Is it Gate 22? W: Oh, it’s just changed, Gate 25, down that way on the right. M: Thanks.14. How many visitors are coming?（2006）A. 8. B. 10. C. 12.本题考查对细节M: Right. And how many are coming? Did you say about 12? W: Yes, they said 12 at first, but changed to 10 this morning.的理解。

所以选择B 18. How old was the baby when he learned to say that word correctly?（2006）A. About 18 months. B. About 21 months. C. About 24 months.本题考查对细节M: OK, here is my story. I was about 18 months old I think and I had just started saying my first word.和Then, about three months later,的理解所以选择B4. What size does the man want?（2007） A. 9. B. 35. C. 39.本题考查对细节M: Do you have size 9?的理解所以选择AText 4 M: How much are these shoes? W: Oh they are 35 dollars a pair. M: Do you have size 9? W: I’m afraid they are sold out.三、 地点题地点题可分为确认地点与猜测地点。

1． 认地点一般指谈话中会出现多个地点或方向指示，要求考生从选项之中挑选特别提示：当谈话中涉及场所提问时，原文中必提到该地点，这时应注意听清介词后的场所2．猜测地点的关键是要抓住对话中的关键词语，但有些词语并未明确表示事件发生的地点，而是暗示了事件发生的地点或说话的地点特别提示：关键是熟悉与某些特定场所相关的单词和短语，尤其与school, library, restaurant, hospital, hotel, store/ supermarket, station, street, home, office, bank等多种场所相关的词汇与短语 设问方式包括： Where…? Which place…? 等多种形式5．Where are the two speakers now ?（2005）A．On the first floorB．On the fourth floorC．On the fifth floor本题考查对两人谈话细节的理解，从he is not on this floor. He is on the fourth floor, go down the stairs and turn left可知选择C。

Text 5 W: Excuse me. I’m looking for Mr. Tang. M: Oh, he is not on this floor. He is on the fourth floor, go down the stairs and turn left. 7．Where did the woman have her dinner ?（2005）A．In a restaurant B．In her officeC．At home 本题考查对细节M: What did you have for dinner? W: I sent out for a sandwich and I ate it at my desk.的理解所以选择B15．Where does the woman come from ?A．PennsylvaniaB．San FranciscoC．China 本题考查对细节M: Is San Francisco your hometown? W: No, I’m from a very small town In Pennsylvania.的理解。

所以选择AText 9 M: Excuse me! Do you mind if I sit here? W: Not at all. Go ahead. M: Thank you. W: Are you going somewhere or are you meeting someone? M: I’m on my way to Washington, and you? W: I’m on my way to San Francisco. M: Really? I think San Francisco is probably the most exciting city in U.S. W: So do I, no other city has as many good restaurants or as much good music. M: Is San Francisco your hometown? W: No, I’m from a very small town In Pennsylvania. I would not want to leave there again either. I don’t like small town living very much. M: Mm. Neither do I, really. But small towns have their advantages-- less traffic. W: And friendlier people, you know I am becoming to feel homesick. By the way, where are you from? M: China. W: China? But you speak English like a native speaker, I didn’t have any idea. M: Oh. Excuse me. It is time for my flight. Well, nice talking with you. W: You too. Bye. 四、职业与人物间的关系这类题型主要考察谈话一方所从事的职业判断或要求考生判断谈话双方间的关系。

特别提示：熟悉与职业、身份相关的关键词和对话双方见面时常用的客套话；判断人物之间的关系并不难，只要根据说话内容、语气、行为、态度就能辨别出人之间的身份关系，尤其是说话的语气，因为不同的语气决定了不同人物的身份和关系，如夫妻、师生、病人、店主和顾客、老板和秘书等 注意地点状语，它有时也会暗示正确答案平时应注意积累和总结如听到dentist, prescribe, pill/ tablet就知道和医生有关；听到selling season就知道和销售员有关做这类题时应特别注意动词及称呼，还有留意是否使用敬语如please则只能用于陌生人或有地位差别的人之间，不同职业的人用语不同：waitress会谈到menu, food, order, wine等；a policeman会说tickets, driving license, lights等10. What is the relationship between the speakers?（2006）A. Fellow clerks. B. Boss and secretary.C. Customer and salesperson.本题考查对细节M: Hi, you must be that new secretary, welcome! I’m Tom Robison from relations. W: Hi, Mr. Robison. Thanks. My name is Lisa Jones. I’m working in sales now.的理解。

所以选择A12. What do we know about the woman?（2006）A. She likes traveling.B. She is new to the company.C. She works in public relations.本题考查对细节M: Hi, you must be that new secretary, welcome! I’m Tom Robison from relations.的理解所以选择BText 8 M: Hi, you must be that new secretary, welcome! I’m Tom Robison from relations. W: Hi, Mr. Robison. Thanks. My name is Lisa Jones. I’m working in sales now. M: Please call me Tom, Lisa. W: OK. Tom, have you worked her long? M: Yes, over 20 years. W: Wow, That is a long time. Do you enjoy working here? M: Well, yes. I suppose I took the job because … er, well, the money is good, and it’s a good place to work in. But to be honest, what I really enjoy is the chance to go abroad, just visiting other countries. That’s the best thing. W: That’s nice. For me the best thing about working here is that I live close to the office, I can go home for lunch, and I don’t have to worry about the traffic.五、因果关系判断题因果关系判断题包括直接询问原因与间接询问原因两种类型。

第一类相对较容易，第二类较难，需要听懂整段对话的含义，才能从中体会出原因就第二类试题而言，有时对话中有表示原因的连词、介词、介词短语或动词，有时则没有， 这时就需要从语气或从对话内容中推测特别提示：注意各连接词后面的内容，当原因掩藏于对话中时，要注意语气，以及一些关键词注意but后面的内容，往往它才是真正的原因判断事件的来龙去脉，理清其因果关系，或是对事件做出合理理解，仅从一个短语或一个句子的表面来判断显然是不够的应站在高处关注语篇，理解听力材料的大意，在此基础之上再去捕捉具体的信息 设问方式包括： Why…? What is the reason…? 等多种形式 8．Why does the man feel surprised ?（2005）A．The woman has found a new job B．The woman doesn’t feel like leavingC．The woman disagrees with him本题考查对细节M: Likey, What’s going on? Fred just told me that you were going to be leaving us.和M: Well, I didn’t know you were looking for a new job.的理解。

所以选择AText 7 M: Likey, What’s going on? Fred just told me that you were going to be leaving us. W: Yes, I really feel bad about it. But B&D came up with a good offer. M: Well, I didn’t know you were looking for a new job. W: Oh, just between you and me. I think we have some real problems in this department. Don’t get me wrong. It has nothing to do with you Frank. Everybody says you are an excellent manager. M: Problems? What problems? Do we have time to talk about it?14．Why does the woman like San Francisco ?（2005）A．It has less trafficB．It has the best food and musicC．People there are friendlier本题考查对细节W: I’m on my way to San Francisco. M: Really! I think San Francisco is probably the most exciting city in U.S. W: So do I, no other city has as many good restaurants or as much good music. M: Is San Francisco your hometown? 的理解。

所以选择B20. Why did the mother pretend not to know the baby?（2006）A. She got angry with the father.B. She was frightened by the noise. C. She felt uneasy about the noisy baby. 本题考查对细节My poor mother decided she didn’t know this baby and ran into the ladies-room where she hid until I finally stopped.的理解所以选择C Text 10 W: There are many interesting stories about how a baby learns to say its first word. Now Mark, would you like to share your story with us? M: OK, here is my story. I was about 18 months old I think and I had just started saying my first word. Every time a truck went by, I would shout a word that sounded like “truck”, but to everyone else, it sounded nothing like it. My parents tried to correct me, but failed. Then, about three months later, we traveled to New York. As we were waiting for our plane at the airport, I looked out of a huge window, at that very moment I saw the largest truck in the world, I had to tell someone about this. I turned to my father who was standing next to about a thousand people waiting for varies flights and screamed “Truck! Truck!” My father tried hard to shut me up, but I was so excited, I kept screaming my special word. My poor mother decided she didn’t know this baby and ran into the ladies-room where she hid until I finally stopped. Well, I learned how to say truck correctly, and soon I was talking like a normal child. However, my parents will never forget the very first word I produces in my life.7. Why does the woman sing so well?（2007） A. She has a great teacher. B. She teaches singing. C. She is young. 本题考查对细节W: Well, Mr Green. I like singing very much. And I’ve been doing this for a while. Above all, I have Mr. James as my teacher.的理解。

所以选择AText 6 M: Ladies and gentlemen, let’s welcome Jane Carter. Jane, you are so young. How can you sing so well？ W: Well, Mr. Green. I like singing very much. And I’ve been doing this for a while. Above all, I have Mr. James as my teacher. M: No wonder! I believe you’ll do a wonderful job tonight. Now, ladies and gentlemen Jane Carter.9. Why does Jimmy feel happy?（2007） A. He lives with his parents. B. He’s got what he dreamt of. C. He’s received lots of presents.本题考查对细节M: Oh, it’s a new computer. It’s just what I want. I’m so happy about it. Thank you so much, Mum and Dad.的理解。

所以选择BText 7 W: Happy birthday, Jimmy. Are you ready for the next present? M: You mean there’s more besides the watch? W: Come with us. It’s in the car. Now, here we are. You’ve been talking about this for months. M: Oh, it’s a new computer. It’s just what I want. I’m so happy about it. Thank you so much, Mum and Dad.11. Why does the woman come to talk with the man?（2007） A. To get a job. B. To take a test. C. To see the secretary.本题考查对细节W: My name is Jane Smith. I’m a designer, looking for a job.的理解。

所以选择AText 8 W: Excuse me, sir? M: Can I help you? W: My name is Jane Smith. I’m a designer, looking for a job. M: See my secretary. She’ll set you up with a test. W: When? M: Next month. W: I can’t wait that long. M: Excuse me? W: I can’t wait a month. I need something sooner. M: I’m sorry.15. Why was Susan late for work?（2007） A. She missed the bus. B. Her train was late. C. Her car broke down.本题考查对细节W: What did Susan say? M: She was late, too. W: What happened to her? M: She took the train and it was late, too.的理解。

所以选择B20. Why is the class popular?（2007） A. It is not offered each term. B. It’s taught by Professor Morris. C. It helps to master some useful rules.本题考查对细节Let me put it this way, knowing the rules will help you to master a large number of words. This is probably the No.1 reason why this class is so popular.的理解所以选 择CText 10 Good afternoon, everybody, and welcome to this class on English words. I hope that all of you can hear me; if not, please let me know. I’m Professor John Morris. I’ll be your teacher for the next 13 weeks. As you can probably tell, this is one of the most popular and crowded classes. Indeed every time this course is offered, this room is very full. Why is that? Well, in order to use the English language, it’s very important to have at least a basic understanding of how words are formed. Just to mention one finger, and there are many. There are about one million words in English. If you are an English learner, you might wonder how you can possibly remember all of these words. Well, for one thing, you don’t have to. No native speaker exists who knows all of the words in the English language. Besides, there are short-cuts. Short-cuts? Yes. For example, if you know how words are formed by using parts of words from other languages, such as Greek and French, you’ll understand a good number of English words when you first come across them. Let me put it this way, knowing the rules will help you to master a large number of words. This is probably the No.1 reason why this class is so popular.六、态度与评价题判断双方或一方谈及的事物所反映出来的态度及做出的评价，是赞赏、反对、关心、厌恶、还是喜欢等。

特别提示：解题时首先根据选项确定听力的重点，然后再在记录下的内容的基础上做出必要的推理，这与行为的判断类似比如态度题的选项中包含反映人的态度的形容词，如impatient, bored, satisfied, relaxed等其次特别注意代词是it, he, she还是they，即尽早把握考查的是男士、女士，还是他们共同对某事的态度，从而决定关注的重点设问方式包括：How does the man feel about…? What does the man think of…? 等多种形式9．What does the woman say about her department ?（2005）A．there is a lack of trust B．There are serious problemsC．There is too much pressure本题考查对细节W: Oh, just between you and me. I think we have some real problems in this department.的理解所以选择B16．What does the woman think of the man’s English ?A．ExcellentB．AcceptableC．Strange本题考查对细节W: China? You speak English like a native speaker, I didn’t have any idea.的理解。

所以选择AText 9 M: Excuse me! Do you mind if I sit here? W: Not at all. Go ahead. M: Thank you. W: Are you going somewhere or are you meeting someone? M: I’m on my way to Washington, and you? W: I’m on my way to San Francisco. M: Really? I think San Francisco is probably the most exciting city in U.S. W: So do I, no other city has as many good restaurants or as much good music. M: Is San Francisco your hometown? W: No, I’m from a very small town In Pennsylvania. I would not want to leave there again either. I don’t like small town living very much. M: Mm. Neither do I, really. But small towns have their advantages-- less traffic. W: And friendlier people, you know I am becoming to feel homesick. By the way, where are you from? M: China. W: China? But you speak English like a native speaker, I didn’t have any idea. M: Oh. Excuse me. It is time for my flight. Well, nice talking with you. W: You too. Bye. 七、推断与理解说话者的意图、观点或态度就这类题目而言，问题的答案在对话中没有直接提供，要求考生把谈话中提供的细节作为前提，进行一定的逻辑推理，找出答案，或根据提供的细节进行归纳，得出结论。

这类问题的常考题型分为理解细节、理解语篇与根据对话中的信息进行进一步的归纳总结三类特别提示：要加倍注意第二个人所说的话，因为这类题目一般都是这种模式：由第一个人开启话题， 然后第二个人再提供信息，最后再提出问题而其中的逻辑关系往往都是可以从第二个人所说的内容中得到反映注意关键词和短语，因为即使没有完全听懂对话的内容，但是只要抓住了原文中的关键词部分，听懂了某个关键的字眼，就可以推理出其中的逻辑关系也就是说，捕捉到对话中相对繁杂的信息、细节，分辨出与提问相关的信息，对最后解答问题很重要分类特别提示：理解细节题 要求考生理解两人谈话中一个关键词或词组在答这类题时首先要注意代词的使用弄清了代词指代的事物，句子的意思也就清楚了其次，有时这类对话的关键在一个习语、俚语，口语化的词组上，这些词组的意思往往成为解题的关键理解语篇题 在听音时设法捕捉句子的整个含义，但也不必每个词都听懂，不要因为个别词没有听懂或没有听清而心慌，从而没有能够很好地理解全文设问方式包括： What does the man/ woman mean? What does the man/ woman imply? What can we conclude from the talk? What can we learn from the conversation? What do we learn about the man?（进一步的归纳总结题）等多种形式。

4．What can we learn from this conversation ?（2005）A．The woman does not get along well with the manB．The woman does not get along well with here roommateC．The man will talk with the woman’s roommate本题考查对两人谈话细节的理解，从She really makes me angry.可知选择BText 4 M: So how is your new roommate? W: She really makes me angry. M: What happened? W: She is always making loud noises at midnight, when I remind her, she is always rude.12. What does the man mean by saying sorry?（2007） A. He can’t hear the woman clearly. B. He doesn’t need a designer. C. He can’t help the woman. 本题考查对细节W: I can’t wait that long. M: Excuse me? W: I can’t wait a month. I need something sooner. M: I’m sorry.的理解。

所以选择CText 8 W: Excuse me, sir? M: Can I help you? W: My name is Jane Smith. I’m a designer, looking for a job. M: See my secretary. She’ll set you up with a test. W: When? M: Next month. W: I can’t wait that long. M: Excuse me? W: I can’t wait a month. I need something sooner. M: I’m sorry.八、理解对话与独白的主旨要义理解对话与独白的主旨要义重在测试考生对整个对话与语篇的理解，而不侧重个别细节特别提示：就对话题而言，必须注意抓住两人谈话的主要内容，并注意那些重点词、句，然后再综合理解，推理判断就独白题而言，主旨要义经常以主题句的形式出现，因此找准主题句是关键。

主题句以首段句与尾段句居多，有时也出现首尾呼应的情况注意：有些问题含有暗示的信息要善于发觉，如题干中有mainly，这就暗示了对话中的内容有主有次，所以见到这种设问方式我们就应该知道对话中要涉及的信息不只一个，所听到的内容有主次之分设问方式包括：What are they discussing?What is the best topic of this conversation?What is their dialogue mainly about?What are the speakers talking about? 等多种形式18．What did the children think about having dinner together at home ?（2005）A．They thought it was funny B．They disliked the idea at first C．They preferred eating with friends 本题考查对细节For a while, the children were still unhappy with the idea. They said they would rather spend the time with their friends playing sports. Gradually, though, they began to see these evenings together as interesting and helpful.的理解。

所以选择B 20．Who finally set the time for these family dinners ?（2007）A．The children B．The father C．The woman speaker 本题考查对细节First we tried setting free fixed days—Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. But almost everyone was unhappy. Then my son had the idea that everyone told me his or her most convenient days and I(the woman speaker) would choose the two best days.的理解所以选择CText10 M: Could you suggest some ways to bring family members closer together? W: Well. I feel it is very important for families to have regular meals together. One of my good childhood memories was dinner with my parents and two sisters. Because my husband and I both work and our three children are busy with their studies. We seldom had a chance to get together as a family. But we thought it would be possible for us to sit and enjoy meals together every week. First we tried setting free fixed days—Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. But almost everyone was unhappy. Then my son had the idea that everyone told me his or her most convenient days and I would choose the two best days. For a while, the children were still unhappy with the idea. They said they would rather spend the time with their friends playing sports. Gradually, though, they began to see these evenings together as interesting and helpful. We laughed a lot. We made plans for trips. We discussed each other’s problems. After a couple of months anyone who had to miss a family meal felt regretful. And now we all feel that we had been able to build much stronger relationships within the family than we had before.17. What is the first word the baby tried to say?（2006）A. Truck. B. Ok.C. Duck. 本题考查对细节I think and I had just started saying my first word. Every time a truck went by,和screamed “Truck! Truck!”和my parents will never forget the very first word I produces in my life.的理解。

所以选择A19. What did the father do when the baby screamed that word at the airport?（2006）A. He corrected the baby.B. He tried to stop the baby.C. He hid himself somewhere. 本题考查对细节My father tried hard to shut me up, but I was so excited, I kept screaming my special word.的理解所以选择BText 10 W: There are many interesting stories about how a baby learns to say its first word. Now Mark, would you like to share your story with us? M: OK, here is my story. I was about 18 months old I think and I had just started saying my first word. Every time a truck went by, I would shout a word that sounded like “truck”, but to everyone else, it sounded nothing like it. My parents tried to correct me, but failed. Then, about three months later, we traveled to New York. As we were waiting for our plane at the airport, I looked out of a huge window, at that very moment I saw the largest truck in the world, I had to tell someone about this. I turned to my father who was standing next to about a thousand people waiting for varies flights and screamed “Truck! Truck!” My father tried hard to shut me up, but I was so excited, I kept screaming my special word. My poor mother decided she didn’t know this baby and ran into the ladies-room where she hid until I finally stopped. Well, I learned how to say truck correctly, and soon I was talking like a normal child. However, my parents will never forget the very first word I produces in my life.17. Where can you most probably hear this talk?（2007） A. In a class of the English language. B. In a class of the Greek language. C. In a class of the French language.本题考查对细节welcome to this class on English words. I hope that all of you can hear me;的理解。

所以选择A18. How long does the class last?（2007） A. 11 weeks. B. 13 weeks. C. 15 weeks. 本题考查对细节I’m Professor John Morris. I’ll be your teacher for the next 13 weeks.的理解所以选择B19. What is “the short-cut” to learning words according to the speaker? A. Taking more courses. B. Reading basic words aloud. C. Learning how words are formed. 本题考查对细节there are short-cuts. Short-cuts? Yes. For example, if you know how words are formed by using parts of words from other languages,的理解。

所以选择CText 10 Good afternoon, everybody, and welcome to this class on English words. I hope that all of you can hear me; if not, please let me know. I’m Professor John Morris. I’ll be your teacher for the next 13 weeks. As you can probably tell, this is one of the most popular and crowded classes. Indeed every time this course is offered, this room is very full. Why is that? Well, in order to use the English language, it’s very important to have at least a basic understanding of how words are formed. Just to mention one finger, and there are many. There are about one million words in English. If you are an English learner, you might wonder how you can possibly remember all of these words. Well, for one thing, you don’t have to. No native speaker exists who knows all of the words in the English language. Besides, there are short-cuts. Short-cuts? Yes. For example, if you know how words are formed by using parts of words from other languages, such as Greek and French, you’ll understand a good number of English words when you first come across them. Let me put it this way, knowing the rules will help you to master a large number of words. This is probably the No.1 reason why this class is so popular.听力测试中一些需注意的问题听力测试中一些需注意的问题Pre-listening:1. Practise listening by reading: 读背材料的选择应就地取材，选择近年高考与模拟听力材料的文字稿，它比较有针对性,它提供了较多的在书面很少遇到的口语表达形式。

在朗读或背诵的过程中应注意口语中常用词和表达法如：baby-sit /a convenience store/ order your meal/rent a flat/He has booked on a flight 等如果在朗读时能与听力比较则更有帮助2. Keep a good state of mind when doing listening:做听力测试题时，应清楚绝大部分考生心理都有些紧张焦虑的情绪而并非只有你是如此如果你担忧听力考试中的心理状况，那只能是加重心理负担，让紧绷的神经与大脑去工作，其效率如何则可想而知事实上，心理学家早就告诉我们适当的紧张最能取得好成绩所以，你应当乐观地把你的紧张看作是适度，克服紧张焦虑情绪，是取得好成绩的一个重要的保证给予自己更多的自信，卸下包袱， 降低对分数的高要求，轻装上阵，最佳发挥你的水平，则必然有令人满意的结果3. Predition: 高考听力测试总共20分钟，其中听力试音与考试要求将近3分钟左右考生可充分利用这一段时间预览试题与预测试题答案，这一时间的有效利用能在心中设计几种可能的情景，带着问题去听录音能够更准确地对内容进行理解，免去对听力材料的陌生而带来的紧张，在听的过程做到有的放矢。

•Underlining some key words before listening and try to focus on them when listening:While-listening:2. Focusing on the speakers’ tone: 说话者的口吻与语气往往直接决定着其说话的意图，并特别注意口语的委婉性在《大纲》的最后特别提出“能听懂委婉的建议、劝告”其中虚拟语气与双重否定等表现得最为突出如：I can’t agree with you any more. He can never be over praised 都表示赞同而：If I had had enough time…,Sorry, I am afraid…, Tom is the last person in the world I would like to see…则都表示委婉的否定2. Focusing on the speakers’ tone: 说话者的口吻与语气往往直接决定着其说话的意图，并特别注意口语的委婉性在《大纲》的最后特别提出“能听懂委婉的建议、劝告”其中虚拟语气与双重否定等表现得最为突出。

如：I can’t agree with you any more. He can never be over praised 都表示赞同而：If I had had enough time…,Sorry, I am afraid…, Tom is the last person in the world I would like to see…则都表示委婉的否定高一高二教学中应注意的问题高一高二教学中应注意的问题在高一上学期，我主要注重培养学生准确认读英语单词，也就是让每一名学生都能顺利的通过英语的语音关到了高一下学期和高二上学期，我主要是让学生做好基础工程，具体操作如下：1、在日常教学中强化学生对单词的记忆因为只有记准了单词，才有可能谈得上听力训练2、每节英语课利用课前2分钟左右的时间让学生轮流做课前报告这样做的目的是让学生熟悉不同的英语语音和语调，同时也给学生提供更多的听力练习机会3、英语老师上课时尽量使用英语教学从而强化学生的听力刺激4、对每一单元的warming up和speaking部分引导学生多说，这样既可以锻炼学生的口语，又可以锻炼学生的听力，同时要求学生能背诵speaking中最常用的句型句式。

如果学生对这些句型句式很熟悉，那么在听听力时就能很准确的判断出对话的场合和情景这有利于学生更好的理解听力材料对于每个单元的listening则先给学生进行大概介绍然后再让学生听听力材料给学生放三遍第一遍让学生进行泛听，力争听懂听力材料的主要内容第二遍让学生边听边重复一些和练习有密切关系的句子，然后引导学生得出听力练习的答案学生在完成练习和对听力材料有一个更好的理解的基础上听第三遍这样学生就更容易听懂材料此外，对于每个单元的reading部分，老师可以挑一些比较地道、优美的句子或段落让学生进行背诵这样可以为学生增加语言输入，背诵有利于学生听力的提高因为学生在读或背诵的同时也是对自己的听力进行刺激平时鼓励学生在课余时间多听一听英语的新闻或歌曲，这样对学生听力的提高有着非常积极的推动作用1、培养兴趣，树立信心；2、打好语言基本功；3、了解英语语言国家的文化背景；4、讲究方法，提高短时记忆能力；5、养成良好的听力习惯保持良好的心态，学会用英语思维，边听边记录，带着问题去听总之，只要我们平时多注意基本功的训练，再加上一些技巧和方法就能在高考听力测试中取得好成绩Thank you for your listening.。