高考代词考点及近年高考中的代词和练习题.docx

一、高考代词考点扫描代词是英语语法结构中的重要一环 ,也是高考测试的重点内容之一；纵观历年高考试题 ,显现频率最高的是不定代词 ,其次是 it 用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等；本文结合高考试题 ,对不定代词的易考点进行归纳 ,以帮忙同学们更好地把握这一语法现象；1. 名词替代词 one, ones, that, those 的区分one 和 ones 用来代替前面提到过的可数名词 ,one 指代单数 ,ones 指代复数 ,所替代的是同名异物 ,表示泛指 ,可有前置定语或后置定语 ,也可单独使用；特指时必需加定冠词 the；that 用来代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不行数名词 ,不能和冠词连用 ,其后常有修饰语；代替可数名词的复数时 ,用代词 those；【原题再现】We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made from some wood we had.A. it B. one C. himself D. another【解析】 one 替代上文中的 cupboard, 表示泛指意义 ;it 就用于指代上文提到的原事原物；答案为 B；2. all, both, either, neither, each, none 的用法比较both, either 和 neither 都表示两者 ,可作主语、宾语和定语； both 仍可作同位语； neither表示两者否定 ;either 表示两者中任何一个 ,强调个体 ;both 表示 "两者都 " ；all 和 none 表示三者或三者以上； all 表示全部确定 ,而 none 表示全部否定； all 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语 ;none 可作主语、宾语和同位语 ,但不能作定语； all 作主语时 ,指人时看作复数 ,指事物时看作单数 ;none 作主语 ,看作单复数皆可； both, all, each, none 作主语同位语时 ,通常放在行为动词的前面 ,be 动词、助动词和情态动词的后面； all 和 both 与 not连用表示部分否定；【原题再现】① I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but of them came.A. neither B. either C. none D. both【解析】由 but 可知 ,其次句话表示否定意思 ,对两者的否定用 neither；答案为 A ；② I had to buy these books because I didnt know which one was the best.A. both B. none C. neither D. all【解析】 best 是最高级形式 ,表示三者以上； 依据句意 "由于不知道哪一本最好 ,我只好把这些书全买下来 " 可知 ,答案为 D；③-Do you want tea or coffee.- . I really dont mind.A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither【解析】 问话中使用了 or,表示让对方挑选茶或咖啡 ,依据答句 : I really dont mind. 可知答案应选 C；3. other, the other, another, others 的用法比较指代单数时 ,如是泛指 ,用 another;如是特指 ,就用 the other；指代复数时 ,如是泛指 ,用 other 修饰名词的复数形式 ;如是特指 ,用 the other 修饰名词的复数形式；others 不能作定语 ,表示复数意义 ,相当于 "other+ 复数名词 ";the others 相当于 "the other+复数名词 "；another 一般表示单数 ,其后接可数名词的单数形式；但如其后有数词或 few 时,就可接复数名词；【原题再现】① One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and .A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white【解析】 依据常识 ,板子有两个面 ,不能用 another;这是一个省略句 ,在 the other 和 white 之间省略了 should be painted ；选项 A 具有很大的干扰性 ,the other is white 的意思是 "另一面是白色的 ", 而不是 " 漆成白色的 " ；故答案为 C；② I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days.A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others【解析】 work 是不行数名词 ,不能用 the others 代替 ;the rest 既可指代可数名词 ,也可指代不行数名词；故答案为 A ；4. some, any 及其相应复合不定代词的辨析some 多用于确定句 ,any 多用于否定句、疑问句；在以下情形下常用 some:1) some 后接单数可数名词 ,意为 " 某一 " 时,相当于 "a certain + 单数可数名词 " ；2) 在表示恳求或邀请的句子中 ,当期望对方赐予一个确定的答复时 ,通常用 some,不用any；在以下确定句中常用 any:1) 用于陈述句或祈使句中 ,意为 "任何 ;无论哪一个 ",后接可数名词单数形式；如 : Any book will do-I just want something to read on the train.2) 用于确定的条件句中 ,意为 "什么 ;一个 〔些 〕";if any 是固定词组 ,意为 " 如有的话 " ；如 :He asked me if I had any books in my desk.some, any, every 常与 -one, -body, -thing 构成复合不定代词 ,其基本用法与 some, any, every用法相当；【原题再现】①-When shall we meet again.-Make it day you like; its all the same to me.A. one B. any C. another D. some答案为 B；② I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with .A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing【解析】 not...everything 是部分否定；答案为 A ；二、近年高考中的代词（2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编 ）1. If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay $15. （ 2000 全国）（A ） A ． another B． other C． more D ．each2. --- Why dont we take a little break.--- Didnt we just have . （ 2000 全国）（ C） A ． it B ． that C．one D． this3. It is the ability to do the job matters where you come from or what you are. （ 2000 全国）（ B ）A ． one B． that C． what D ． it4. --- Do you want tea or coffee.--- . I really dont mind. （ 2000 北京春季）（ C）A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither5. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and . （ 2000 北京春季） （C）A. the other is white B. another whiteC. the other white D. another is white6. The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. （01 全国）（ B ）A. they B. it C. one D. which7. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, I will always treasure. （ 02 全国） 【Ｂ】Ａ． that Ｂ． one Ｃ． it Ｄ． what8. --- He was nearly drowned once.--- When was .--- was in 1998 when he was in middle school. （ 02 北京春季）（A ）A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This9. — You’ re always working. Comeon, let ’ s go shopping.— you ever want to do is going shopping. （02 北京春季）（ C）A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That10. --- There ’ s coffee and tea: you can have .--- Thanks. （03 全国卷）（ A ）A ． either B ．each C． one D． it11. —Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.— Why . John is sitting there doing nothing. （ 03 全国卷）（ D） A ． him B ．he C． I D． me12. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but of them came. （ 04 北京） 〔A〕 A neither B either C none D both13. There ’ s cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get .（04 北京） 〔A〕A little; some B little; any C a little; some D a little; any14. I got the story from Tom and people who had worked with him. （ 04 天津） 〔C〕 A every other B many others C some other D other than15. It is easy to do the repair. 。