高中英语2025届高考语法复习冠词知识讲解.doc

高考英语语法复习冠词知识讲解一、不定冠词的主要用法形式用法例句A/an+可数名词单数表示数量“一”A thousand people were there.泛指任意一个人或事物A girl is waiting for you at the school gate.表示一类人或事物A dog is faithful animal.A/an+表示人名的专有名词表示“一个叫...的人”或“...式的人物”I want to be a Xu Beihong when I grow up.A/an+修饰语+表示季节、月份、日期、星期、三餐等的名词泛指某个不确定的时间、“一顿...的饭”等The earthquake broke out in a July in last century.I had a big lunch yesterday.A/an+已转化为可数名词的抽象名词/物质名词表示具体的人或事物、引起人们某种情绪的人或事物或表示“一...”之意As a writer, she is a success, but as a teacher, she is a failure.There was a heavy snow yesterday.A/an+序数词表示“另一，又一”You can try a second time if you fail.A/an+单位名词（重量、长度、时间等）表示“每一...”Most workers get paid once a month.A/an+形容词最高级+可数名词单数表示“一个很/非常...的...”Thank you for a nicest weekend.二、定冠词的主要用法形式用法例句The+名词上文提到过的或大家已知的、熟悉的、特定的人或物I bought a TV and a mobile phone last Saturday, but there is something wrong with the TV.Close the windows before you leave the lab.The+由普通名词构成的专有名词或表示宇宙间独一无二的事物的名词这些专有名词主要是公共建筑物、民族、阶级、党派或组织机构等He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.My sister joined the Party last year.动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位表示接受外来动作My teacher patted me on the shoulder.The+可数名词单数指某类人或事物The tiger is the king of the beasts.The new is to take the place of the old.He fired me, but soon he was among the unemployed.The+形容词The+姓氏复数指一家人或夫妇俩The Johnsons have lived here for twenty years.The+形容词或副词最高级表示最高级意义This set of furniture is the least expensive here.I run (the) fastest in my class.The+表示被演奏的西洋乐器表示演奏乐器The little boy can play the piano very well.三、不用冠词的情况用法例句名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格时These children are looked after well.My car is more expensive than his.I have some questions to ask.Bill’s camera is like mine.抽象名词、物质名词、可数名词复数表示泛指概念时Failure is the mother of success.Man cannot live without water.We must tell friends from enemies.表示学科、语言、三餐、棋类、球类运动、季节、月份、星期、节日的名词前I enjoyed English, biology and chemistry.We often have breakfast at 7.00.In spring, we often go to fly kites.We always go to my parents’ on Christmas Eve.表示职位、头衔的名词用作表语、同位语或补足语时The young man is captain of this ship.Mr Smith, head of the group, will plan for the trip.We elected him principal of our university.表示交通方式的“by+名词”结构中的名词前Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane.两个名词指同一个人或物时，后面的名词前不用冠词The teacher and writer has come to the meeting.作“人类”讲的man与作“消息”讲的word前This is one of the worst diseases known to man.Word came that our team won the game.系动词turn后作表语的名词前Upon graduation, my cousin turned clerk in a bank.注意：turn后作表语的名词前有修饰语时通常需要用冠词，表示相同意义的become后作表语的名词前需要用冠词。

四、冠词的位置位置例句在as/so...as...,too...(to...)和so...that...结构中，不定冠词置于as/too/so修饰的形容词之后She’s as beautiful a girl as you can imagine.I’m afraid it’s too heavy a load for such a boy of ten.It’s so interesting a film that we all want to see it again.在such...as/that...结构中，不定冠词一般置于such之后，形容词之前He has never written such an interesting book as that.what引导的感叹句中，不定冠词置于what后What a splendid performance you gave us!how引导的感叹句中，不定冠词置于how修饰的形容词后How timely a rain we’ve got in such a dry season!名词前有all,both,double,twice等词时，定冠词置于这类词之后All the students in the class went out.Both the twins are fond of music.五、有无冠词意义不同的短语用法例词很多情况下，名词前有无冠词意义有很大的区别At school上学，at the school在学校By day白天，by the day按日计算In hospital住院，in the hospital在医院In office执政，in the office在办公室内Leave school辍学，leave the school离开学校Live on farm务农，live on the farm住在农场In charge of掌管，in the charge of在...掌管之中In place of取代，in the place of在...的位置上Out of question毫无疑问，out of the question不可能Go to bed上床睡觉，go to the bed朝床边走去Go to church做礼拜，go to the church去教堂Two of us我们中的两个，the two of us我们两个In front of在...（外部）的前面，in the front of在...（内部）的前部3。