
中考英语名词讲解及练习.doc
13页中考英语名词讲解及练习中考英语名词讲解及练习 名 词表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词一、 名词的分类 名 词类 别意 义例 词专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称jim , china, qingdao, the uk, the great wall普通名词可数名词个体名词表示单个人的人或事物girl, student, factory, desk, cat , country集合 名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称people, police, team, clothes, group, crew不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质water, ice, pork, cheese, cotton, broccoli抽象名词表示抽象概念的词fun, healthy, happiness, courage, love, care注:1专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称第一个字母必须大写专有名词前一般不加冠词 2、由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”,但它不大写。
3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时,则变为可数名词,eg. beer( ) -—--a beer ( ), work( )--- a work ( ) glass( )-——a glass ( ), room( )——-a room( )二、 名词的数:表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式:可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加 “a或an”;复数形式是在名词后加 “—s或-es”名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种,规则变化及其读音可依照下表:当名词为:词尾变化读 音例 词一般情况加s在清辅音后读/s/ jeeps, pats , clocks在浊辅音或元音后读/z/boys, sofas, drawers以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词加es/iz/watches, boxes, classes, brushes以字母o结尾的单词加s或es/z/zoos, photos, bamboos, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes,以辅音字母+y结尾的单词去y 变i加es/z/dictionaries, strawberries,以f 或fe结尾的单词去f或fe 变v 加 es/vz/leaves, wives, halves以th结尾的词加s/ðz/; /θz/mouths, paths; months, 2。
可数名词复数的不规则变化 ①改变单数名词中的元音字母 eg. man--men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot-feet, mouse--mice ②单复数同形 eg. chinese-chinese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep,… ③由man 和woman构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数 eg. a man doctor- men doctors, a woman teacher——women teachers 注意: 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式 eg trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts, etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数, 实际上是单数(其后的谓语动词要用单数) maths, phyiscs, politics, news 3. 不可数名词:表示不能计算数目的人或物,称为不可数名词他们前面不能用a/an,没有复数形式.物质名词和抽象名词都属于不可数名词.不可数名词一般只有单数形式, 但有其特殊用法:(1) 同一个词,变成复数形式, 意义不同。
eg food 食物——— foods ( ),time 时间 --- times ( ),green 绿色 —-—greens 青菜(2) 有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物eg. hope ———hopes 希望 hardship —-— hardships 艰苦(3) 物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示 eg. a cup of tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, … 例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!1 they got much _____ from those new books. a ideas b. photos c. news d. stories 2.I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here. a orange, orange b. oranges, oranges c. oranges, orange d. orange, oranges3. Every evening E r。
king takes a _________ to his home . a. 25 minutes’ walk b. 25 minute’s walk c. 25 minute walk d. 25 minutes walk4 An old _______ wants to see you people b. person c. the people d the person 5 Help yourself to __________ chickens and apples b. chickens and apple c chicken and apple d. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________ room's number b. rooms’ number c. room numbers d. rooms' numbers7 She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________. a。
family b. house c home d room8 ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to shanghai . a.Mary and peter’s b Mary and peter cMary's and peter d. Mary’s and peter’s9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month. a her uncle b. her uncle’s c. her uncles d aunt’s 10 He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching. a many experiences b. much experience c. an experience d。
a lot experience练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩! 选择最佳答案:1. Last night, there was a food accident the _______ were ill, but no _______ were losta. child, lives b. children, life c. children, lives d child, life2 ——-This is a photo of _________ when they were young -——ok, How happy they both looked! a my father and mother b. my mother and father’s c my mother’s and father's dmy father’s and my mother3 The new student is in __________ , grade two a class third b third class c. class three d. three class4。
Today is september 10th. it's __________ day let's go and buy some flowers for our teachers a. teachers b teachers' c. the teachers’ d. teacher’s5. The market isn't far from here it’s only _________ bicycle ridehalf an hours’ b. half an hour’s c half an hour d. an hour and a half6 —-— What would you like to drink, girls? ——— _________, please. a.two cup of coffee b two cups of coffe c. two cups of coffee d two cups of coffees7. During christmas, people get together and sing christmas songs for _________. a。
fun b wishes c. interest d. thanks8. Some _________ are flying kites near the river. a child b boy c. boys d. childs9. After the exam, we’ll have________ holiday. a. two weeks b two-weeks。
