2022年考博英语-中国矿业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷55（含答案解析）

1、2022年考博英语-中国矿业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题He lived in a（ ） house, and for this reason he was easily accepted into his money-worshiping society.问题1选项A.shabbyB.raggedC.dingyD.decent【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他住在一栋很体面的房子里，也因为这样他很快就被金钱至上的社会所接纳。shabby “破旧的”；ragged “粗糙的”；dingy “昏暗的”；decent “体面的”。根据句意，选项D符合题意。2. 单选题Every day, many people come to visit the（ ）of the old castle.问题1选项A.locationB.highlandC.siteD.desert【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都有人来参观城堡的遗址。location “场所”； highland “高低”；site “遗址”；desert “沙漠”。根据句意，选项C符合题意

2、。3. 单选题Before we move, we should（ ）some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house.问题1选项A.discardB.dissipateC.cancelD.conceal【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项discard“抛弃；丢弃”；B选项dissipate“消费；驱散；使消散”；C选项cancel“取消；删去”；D选项conceal“隐藏；隐瞒”。句意：在我们搬家之前，我们应该一些旧家具，这样我们在新房子里才有更多的空间。由句意推测，此处应表示“丢弃一些旧家具”来节省空间，因此A选项正确。4. 单选题The new shipping and receiving building is a(n)（ ） facility, large enough to meet our growing needs.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.meagerC.expansiveD.costly【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。obsolete“淘汰，废弃”；meag

3、er“贫乏的，缺少”；expansive “膨胀的，扩大的”；costly “昂贵的，代价高的”；根据句意新的货运大楼非常（ ），足够满足我们不断增长的需求。确定C选项正确。5. 单选题Low-level slash-and-burn farming doesnt harm rain-forest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox view of a German soil scientist who has shown that burnt clearings in the Amazon, dating back more than 1,000 years, helped create patches of rich, fertile soil that farmers still benefit from today.Most rain-forest soils are thin and poor because they lack mineral

4、s and because the heat and heavy rainfall destroy most organic matter in the soils within four years of it reaching the forest floor. This means topsoil contains few of the ingredients needed for long-term successful fanning.But Bruno Glaser, a soil scientist of the University of Bayreuth, has studied unexpected patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon. These soils contain lots of organic matter. Glaser has shown that most of this fertile organic matter comes from black carbon the organic

5、particles from camp fires and charred （烧成炭的）wood left over from thousands of years of slash-and-burn fanning. “The soils, known as Terra Preta, contained up to 70 times more black carbon than the surrounding soil，” says Glaser. Unbumt vegetation rots quickly, but black carbon persists in the soil for many centuries. Radiocarbon dating shows that the charred wood in Terra Preta soils is typically more than 1,000 years old.“Slash-and-burn farming can be good for soils provided it doesnt completely

6、 burn all the vegetation, and leaves behind charred wood,” says Glaser. “It can be better than manure （粪肥）Burning the forest just once can leave behind enough black carbon to keep the soil fertile for thousands of years. And rain-forests easily regrow after small-scale clearing. Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment, Glaser says: “Black carbon combined with human wastes is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.”Terra Preta soils turn up in lar

7、ge patches all over the Amazon, where they are highly prized by fanners. All the patches fall within 500 square kilometers in the central Amazon. Glaser says the widespread presence of pottery confirms the soils human origins. The findings add weight to the theory that large areas of the Amazon have recovered so well from past periods of agricultural use that the regrowth has been mistaken by generations of biologists for “virgin” forest. During the past decade, researchers have discovered hundr

8、eds of large earth works deep in the jungle. They are up to 20 meters high and cover up to a square kilometer. Glaser claims that these earth works, built between AD 400 and 1400, were at the heart of urban civilizations. Now it seems the richness of the Terra Preta soils may explain how such civilizations managed to feed themselves.1.We learn from the passage that the traditional view of slash-and-burn farming is that（ ）.2.Most rain-forest soils are thin and poor because（ ）.3.Glaser made his di

9、scovery by（ ）.4.What does Glaser say about the regrowth of rain-forests?5.From the passage it can be inferred that（ ）.问题1选项A.it does no harm to the topsoil of the rain-forestB.it destroys rain forest soilsC.it helps improve rain-forest soilsD.it diminishes the organic matter in rain-forest soils问题2选项A.the composition of the topsoil is rather unstableB.black carbon is washed away by heavy rainsC.organic matter is quickly lost due to heat and rainD.long-term farming has exhausted the ingredients essential to plant growth问题3选项A.studying patches of fertile soils in the central AmazonB.examining pottery left over by ancient civilizationsC.test-burning patches of trees in the central AmazonD.rad

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