计算机专业英语复习题

1、1. 判断题（ ） 1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation.（ ） 2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data fromthe CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus.（ ） 3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union andintersection.（ ） 4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which isnormally an error.（ ）5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.（ ）6. Freeware is free software with no restriction.（ ）7. Whenwriting

2、data to memory, the CPUfirst outputsthe data onto thedata bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus.（ ） 8 The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the firstcomputer generation.（ ） 9 A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property.（ ） 10 Twopopular strategies for resource allocation are static allocationand dynamic allocation.（ ） 11 The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.（ ） 12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessorcan run on a com

3、puter that has a different microprocessor.（ ） 13. Object-oriented programming（OOP） is a programming language modelorganized around “ objects ” rather than “ actions ” and data rather than logic.（ ） 14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numericaldata, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs.（ ） 15. C+ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-orientedprogramming language.2. 词汇Vacuum tube 真空管 general purpose 通用 transistor 晶体管LSI （ Large Scale

4、Integrated Circuit ） ：大规模集成电路VLSI(Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit ) ：超大规模集成电路Mainframe 大型机 medium-sized computer 中型机 minicomputer 小型机Microcomputer 小型机machine language 机器语言 assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储 time-share 分时Batch system 批处理系统interactive system 交互式系统Instruction cycle 指令周期Address bus, data bus, control busInternal register 内部寄存器 external register 外部寄存器 flag register 标志寄存器Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter 程序计数器 combinato

5、rial logic 组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号 instruction code 指令代码 instruction pipeline 指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的 unidirectional 单向的ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元Decimal system 十进制 binary system 二进制 quinary system 五进制 duodecimal system 十 二进制Boolean algebra 布 尔 代 数 set algebra 集 合 代 数 empty set 空 集 universal set 全 集 intersection 交 complement 补 finite set 有限集 infinite set 无限集Stack 堆栈 queue 队列 underflow 下溢 overflow 上溢 pseudocode 伪码 LIFO(Last in first out) 后进先出 FIFO(First in first out) 先进先出Linked list 链表 doub

6、ly linked list双向链表Circular list 循环链表Resource allocation 资源分配user interface 用户接口static resource allocation 静态资源分配 dynamic resource allocation 动态资源分配sequential sharing 串行共享concurrentsharing 并行共享resource preemption 资源抢占 memory sharing 存储器共享sequentialprogram 顺序程序concurrent program 并发程序packet filtering firewall 包过滤防火墙intrusion detection 入侵检测 open source 开放源代码的Middleware 中 间 件 liteware 不 具 备 部 分 性 能 的 共 享 软 件 shareware 共 享 软 件 freeware 免费软件CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Manufacture 计算机辅助设计/制造Software l

7、ife cycle 软件生存期 Software engineering 软件工程System engineering andanalysis 系统工程与分析 Software requirement analysis 软件需求分析Prototype 原型 fix-it coding 纠错式编码，修改式编码MIS/DP ( Management Information System/Data Processing ) 管理信息系统/数据处理Machine language 机器语言 assembly language 汇编语言OOPL(Object-oriented programming language) 面向对象的程序设计语言3、选择() 1 Which one below is not a characteristic that we associate with a true computertoday?A electronic B automatic C stored-program D general-purpose() 1 Which one below was the

8、 first machine whose design included all the characteristicsof a computer.A Z3 B Mark I C ENIAC D EDVAC() 1 Which characteristic was not belong to ENIAC?A electronic B general-purpose C stored program D capable of performing thousands of operations per second() 1 Which one below is the world s first computer to become operational?A EDSAC B BINACC UNIV ACD EDVAC() 1 Which one below is the first computer to operate in the United State?A EDSACB BINACC UNIV ACD EDVAC() 1 Which one below is the first

9、 commercially available computer?A EDSACB BINACC UNIV ACD EDVAC) 1 The was the most popular first-generation computer.A ENIAC B EDSAC C UNIV AC I D IBM 650) 1 The first minicomputer became available in 1960, and its name was.A UNIV AC 1B IBM 360C PDP-1D PDP-8) 1 The most popular minicomputer in third generation was.A UNIV AC 1B IBM 360C PDP-1D PDP-8) 1 Which one below is not a feature of modern operating systems.A multiprogramming B virtual memory C compatibility D time-sharing() 2 When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs theontothe bus, then outputs the onto the bus.A addressaddress datadataB datadata addressaddressC addressdata addressdataD data

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