组胚切片报告.doc

组织学与胚胎学实验报告指定主题：实验一 、上皮组织基本组织1报告主题：假复层纤毛柱状上皮主题属性：指定标本号：27#染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握假复层纤毛柱状上皮的光镜结构特征纤毛Cilium结缔组织ConnectiveTissue杯状细胞Goblet cell 光镜下可见假复层纤毛柱状上皮的各种上皮细胞界限不清，细胞核染蓝紫色，高矮不一，其中柱状细胞最多，游离面有大量纤毛，柱状细胞之前常夹有杯状细胞，其底部狭窄，顶部膨大，细胞核深染所有细胞的基底膜均附着在基膜上，即使细胞核高低不齐排列，形似复层，实为单层Then visible pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of epithelial cell line is not clear, the nucleus dyed purple blue, height is differ, the columnar cells most, free surface has a lot of ciliated columnar cells, before often clip has goblet cell, its bottom is narrow, the top swollen, with hyperchromatic nuclei. All the cells of the basement membrane are attached on the basement membrane, whose nucleus are irregular, and the shape see as compound layer, and it is a single.实验二 结缔组织 基本组织2报告主题：骨单位主题属性：指定标本号：6#材料：骨切片染色：Schmorl氏法块染教学要求：掌握骨组织的结构间骨板Interstitial lamella骨板Osteon lamella中央管Centralcanal图2骨单位（骨切片，Schmorl氏法块染，40×100）Figure 2 osteon (osseous smear,Schmorl stained,40×100）骨单位位于内外环骨板之间，数量最多，中央为圆心的中央管，中央管与穿通管相通，数层同心圆排列的骨板围绕中央管。

在骨单位之间，有一些不规则排列的间骨板，其中无血管通道，在骨板之间或骨板中可见黄色小腔，即骨陷窝Osteon is located in the inside and outside ring bone plate between, the largest number, the central to the right of the central tube, the central tube and pierced tube are interlinked, layers of concentric arrangement of the bone plate around the central canal. There are some interstitial lamellae between osteon, which has no vascular channels, in the bone plate or between bone plate visible yellow small cavities, named lacuna.实验三、肌组织与神经组织实验二 基本组织3报告主题：心肌主题属性：指定标本号：12#材料：人心肌切片染色：HE染色教学要求：观察人心肌的结构特点，掌握其判断依据闰盘Intercalateddisk图3 心肌（人心肌切片，HE染色，40×100）Figure 3 Cardiac muscle（human cardiac muscle smear，HE stained 40×100）多数心肌纤维有一个细胞核，少数有双核，核呈卵圆形，位于细胞中央。

心肌纤维的连接处称闰盘，且染色深心肌纤维呈明暗相间的周期性横纹，但由于其肌原纤维粗细不等，界限不明，因此横纹不如平滑肌那么清楚Most of the myocardial fibers have a nucleus, a few have dual-core, and nucleus is oval, located in the central cell. The joint of the myocardial fibers called intercalated disc, and deep dyeing. The myocardial fibers are light and shade and periodic horizontal lines, but as a result of its myofibril different thicknesses of the unknown, so horizontal stripes as smooth muscle so clear.基本组织4报告主题：多级神经元主题属性：指定标本号：9#材料：小牛脊髓及神经节染色：HE 染色教学要求：观察脊髓前角多级神经元的结构特点，掌握其判断依据神经胶质细胞的细胞核细胞核Nucleus树突Dendrite尼氏体Nissl body图4 多级神经元(小牛脊髓切片，HE染色，40×100）Figure 4 multipolar neuron（calf spinal cord smear，HE stained 40×100）多级神经元细胞核有大、圆，亮的特点，胞体和突起中可见到许多紫蓝色的不规则的小斑块，即尼氏体。

突起从胞体发出，一个神经元有多个树突，一个轴突，因此轴突很难切到，不容易看见Multistage neurons nuclei have big, round, bright characteristics, cell and bumps in the visible to many purple blue irregular small patches, namely the Nissl body. Flash from the cell body out, a neuron have multiple dendrite, an axon, so it is difficult to cut the axon, which is not easy to see.实验四 消化管中空性器官1报告主题：空肠绒毛主题属性：指定标本号：19#材料：猫空肠横切片染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握空肠的结构特征与判断依据，特别注意肠绒毛和肠腺的结构）平滑肌Smooth muscle纹状缘Striated border 单层柱状上皮Simple columnar epithelium图5 空肠绒毛（猫空肠横切片，HE 染色，40×100）Figure5 jejunum villi（cat jejunum transverse section, HE stained 40×100）空肠绒毛上皮由吸收细胞、杯状细胞和少量内分泌细胞组成。

吸收细胞数量最多，呈高柱状，核长椭圆型，位于基部，细胞游离有深染层，称纹状缘绒毛中轴的固有层为细密结缔组织，其内常可见纵行的平滑肌、丰富毛细血管、1~2条中央乳糜管（多数未切到）及大量淋巴细胞The epithelium of Jejunum villi is composed of absorption, goblet cell and a small amount of endocrine cells. The largest number of absorptive cells, a tall columnar, nuclear long elliptic, is located in the base, cell free have hyperchromatic layer, called striated border. Villi axis of the lamina propria for fine connective tissue, it often visible longitudinal done smooth muscle, rich capillaries, 1 ~ 2 a central lacteal (most not cut) and a large number of lymphocytes.实验五 消化管以外的其他中空性器官中空性器官2报告主题：中等动脉主题属性：指定标本号：10#材料：狗中等动、静脉横切片染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握中等动脉的结构特点内弹性膜Internal elasticMembrane 内膜Tunica intima中膜Tunica media外膜Tunica adventitia外弹性膜External elastic membrane图6 中等动脉 （狗中等动脉横切片，HE染色， 40×100）Figure 6 medium-sized artery （dog medium-sized artery and vein transverse section smear ，HE stained 40×100）在高倍镜下，可见内弹性膜为一条呈波浪状的折光性强的粉红色亮带，它是内膜与中膜的分界标志，中膜较厚，由数十层平滑肌纤维组成，因此中动脉也称肌性动脉。

外膜由疏松结缔组织构成，多数中动脉的外膜和中膜之间有明显的外弹性膜At high magnification, internal elastic membrane is a wavy refraction sex strong pink light band, which is the border of tunica media and tunica adventitia .tunica media is consist of dozens of layer of the smooth muscle fibers, so the artery is also called the muscular artery. External elastic membrane is composed of loose connective tissue, the majority of the artery; there is obvious elastic membrane between tunica media and tunica adventitia.实验六 免疫系统实质性器官1报告主题：淋巴结主题属性：指定标本号：13#材料：狗淋巴结切片染色：HE 染色教学要求：掌握淋巴结的结构特征和判断依据髓索Medullary cord 深皮质Deep cortex髓质Medulla淋巴小结Lymphoid nodule 被膜Envelope图7 淋巴结 （狗淋巴结。