2008考研英语(一)真题与答案解析.docx

WORD格式2021考研英语〔一〕真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank andmark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one ofthose hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway.He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularizethe idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections,which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.5 he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together withanother two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanityis more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. Thegroup in 8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is naturalselection.This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100,and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of theirelites, including several world-renowned scientists,13 they also suffer more often than mostpeople from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as astrong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolation. Dr.Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 .His argument is thatthe unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that haveresulted in this 20 state of affairs.1.[A] selected[B] prepared[C] obliged[D] pleased2.[A] unique[B] particular[C] special[D] rare3.[A] of[B] with[C] in[D] against4.[A] subsequently[B] presently[C] previously[D] lately专业资料整理WORD格式5.[A] Only[B] So[C] Even[D] Hence6.[A] thought[B] sight[C] cost[D] risk7.[A] advises[B] suggests[C] protests[D] objects8.[A] progress[B] fact[C] need[D] question9.[A] attaining[B] scoring[C] reaching[D] calculating10.[A] normal[B] common[C] mean[D] total11.[A] unconsciously[B] disproportionately[C] indefinitely[D] unaccountably12.[A] missions[B] fortunes[C] interests[D] careers13.[A] affirm[B] witness[C] observe[D] approve14.[A] moreover[B] therefore[C] however[D] meanwhile15.[A] given up[B] got over[C] carried on[D] put down16.[A] assessing[B] supervising[C] administering[D] valuing17.[A] development[B] origin[C] consequence[D] instrument18.[A] linked[B] integrated[C] woven[D] combined19.[A] limited[B] subjected[C] converted[D] directed20.[A] paradoxical[B] incompatible[C] inevitable[D] continuousSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be专业资料整理WORD格式way ahead in at least one undesirable category.“Women are particularly susceptible to专业资料整理WORD格式developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,〞专业资料整理WORD格式according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran ’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow专业资料整理WORD格式affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the triggerchemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when专业资料整理WORD格式stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, theirchemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman’ s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased专业资料整理WORD格式“opportunities〞for stress.“ It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just专业资料整理WORD格式that they have so much more to cope with,〞says Dr. Yehuda.“ Their capacity for tolerating专业资料整理WORD格式stress may even be greater than men’s,〞she observes,“it ’ s just that they’re dealing专业资料整理WORD格式with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.〞专业资料整理WORD格式Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to mo。