社会学专业词汇.doc

中文名词          英文翻译实证主义 positivism /positivist动力学   the dyanamics静力学 the statics   分工 the work-division神学 the theology形而上学 the metaphysics进化论the evolution-theory唯名论  the nominalism唯实论  the realism官僚制度 bureaucratic system构造主义  the structuralism唯物主义 the materialism辩证法 Dialectic唯心主义  the idealism生产关系  productionrelations剩余价值 Increase-value剩余劳动 Overtime失调因素maladjustive factors社区 community社会福利the socially-welfare社会化 the socialization社会控制the social-control社会参与 thesocially-participation社会工作 the social work残疾人 handicapped社会救济the socially-welfare问卷  thequestionnaire独生子女  the singles-children现代化  modernization/aggiornamento基本方针 the baselines行为准则 Behavioral-omens矛盾 contravention时代背景 the time-background工业化  industrialization民主化  democratization文明化civilize同质性Homogeneity协调过程 the coordination-process血缘的related by blood整合的 integrated异质性 Heterogenitaet社会阶级 social layer class自然科学     natural/physical science抽象科学 abstract science社会秩序 social order社会有机论  socialorganism-theory资本主义 capitalism 使收入极大化    make the incomemore profitable社会冲突理论   social conflicttheory操作化   operationalize实证分析 empiricalanalysis有限理性 boundedrationality      经济人的利己主义倾向  self-interest orientation ofeconomic actors交互分类 cross-classify维度dimension内部劳动力市场  internal labor market隐性契约   implicit contracts社会网络  social network家族公司  household enterprise固定成本 fixed cost合资公司  joint-stock company中产阶级  bourgeois组织文化  organizationalculture一般规律  a rule of thumb社会研究 social research符号互动论symbolic interactionism同化 assimilation行动理论Action theory表意性活动Activity expressive工具性活动Activity instrumental工作调适Adjustment work疏离Alienation同化Assimilation权威Authority科层权威Authority bureaucratic感召权威Authority charismatic双重权威Authority dual患病行为Behavior illness角色行为Behavior role偏见Bias资产阶级Bourgeoisie科层制度Bureaucracy资本家Capitalist变迁推动者 / 变媒Change agent传意途径Channel communication感召力Charisma文化间距Cultural lag文化震惊Cultural shock文化Culture文化模式Culture patterns文化特质Culture traits主流文化Culture mainstream达尔文Darwin非个人化Depersonalization偏差Deviance初级偏差Deviance primary次级偏差Deviance secondary偏差者Deviant偏差行为Deviant behavior偏差社会地位Deviant social status选择医生行为Doctor - shopping behaviour涂尔干Durkheim家庭Family平等（平权）家庭Family equalitarian扩展式家庭Family extended寄养家庭Family foster母权家庭Family matriarchal核心家庭Family nuclear父权家庭Family patriarchal单亲家庭Family single-parent老式式家庭Family traditional民间医药Folk medicine社会动力Force social初级收获Gain primary次级收获Gain secondary帮派Gang性相Gender代沟Generation gap群体Group内群体Group in外群体Group out朋辈群体Group peer初级（直接）群体Group primary种族与民族群体Group race and ethnic参照群体Group reference次级（间接）群体Group secondary她群体Group they-我群体Group we-意识型态Ideology工业化Industrialization规范（制度）化Institutionalization内化Internalization少年罪行Juvenile delinquency标签理论Labelling theory承认权力Legitimate power宏观社会学Macro-sociology马克斯Marx医疗社会学Medical sociology微观社会学Micro-sociology现代化Modernization一夫一妻制Monogamy民德Mores协商秩序Negotiated order非工作取向Non-task oriented规范Norms强制性组织Organization coercive正式组织Organization formal志愿性组织Organization voluntary典范 / 范例Paradigm父（男）权社会Patriarchal society柏拉图Plato现实冲击Reality shock再社会化Resocialization角色Role角色冲突Role conflict角色集合Role set倚赖性的病人角色Role dependant - patient自我实现预言Self - fulfilling prophecy病者角色Sick role社会变迁Social change社会阶层（级）Social classes社会管制Social control会制度Social institutions社会互动Social interaction社会流动Social mobility社会规范Social norm社会秩序Social order社会组织Social organization社会污名（烙印）Social stigma社会阶层Social stratum社会构造Social structure社会增援网络Social support network社会（教）化Socialization社会（教）化过程Socialization process社会化的机构（媒介）Socialization agents of初级社会化Socialization primary次级社会化Socialization secondary地位Status自致（成就）地位Status achieved先赋地位Status ascribed定型效应Stereotyping effect污名 / 烙印Stigma污名化 / 烙印化Stigmatization次文化Subculture演译系统System of interpretation禁忌Taboo价值体系Value system西化Westernization。