水文测验术语和符号(中英文2003).doc

1水文测验术语（GB/T50095-98）一、一般术语1.水文测验 hydrometry 2.水文勘测 hydrologic reconnaissance3.水文遥感技术 remote-sensing technology in hydrology4.水文空间技术 space technology in hydrology 5.水文核技术 nuclear technology in hydrology6.全球定位系统 global positioning system 7.遥测 telemetry 8.驻测 stationary gauging 9.巡测 tour gauging 10.间测 intermittent gauging 11.检测 test gauging 12.校测 corrective gauging 13.委托观测 entrust gauging 14.水文仪器 hydrologic instrument 15.直读仪器 direct-reading instrument 16.自记仪器 automatic-recording instrument 17.遥测装置 remote telemetry unit 18.传感器 sensor 19.固态存贮器 solid storage 20.计数器 counter 21.记录器 recorder 22.显示器 display unit 23.平均无故障工作时间 mean time between failures 24.相应水位 equivalent stage二、水文站网术语1.水文测站 hydrometric station 2.基本站 basic station 3.辅助站 auxiliary station4.专用站 special station 5.水文实验站 hydrologic experimental station 6.基准水文站 bench mark hydrologic station 7.水文气象站 hydrometeorologic station8.巡测站 tour gauging station 9.水文站 gauging station 10.大河控制站 main-stream control station 11.区域代表站 regional representative station 12.小河站 small-stream station 13.河道站 river station 14.水库站 reservoir station 15.渠道站 canal station 16.湖泊站 lake station 17.堰闸站 weir and sluice station 18.水位站 stage gauging station 19.潮水位站（验潮站）tidal level station 20.水库水位站 reservoir stage gauging station 21.湖泊水位站 lake stage gauging station 22.配套雨量站 complete set rain gauging station23.雨量站（降水量站）rain gauging station (precipitation station) 24.雨量观测场 rain observation yard25.水面蒸发站 water surface evaporation station 26.陆上水面蒸发场 water surface evaporation yard on land27.漂浮水面蒸发场 floating water surface evaporation yard 28.水质站（水质监测站）water quality (monitoring) station 29.泥沙站 sediment station30.地下水观测井 observation well of groundwater 31.水文站网 hydrologic network32.基本站网 basic hydrologic network 33.流量站网 streamflow gauging network34.雨量站网 rain gauging network 35.水面蒸发站网 water surface evaporation network 36.水位站网 stage gauging network 37.泥沙站网 sediment gauging network 38.水质站网 water quality network 39.地下水观测井网 groundwater observation well network40.站网规划 hydrologic network planning 41.水文分区 hydrologic regionalization42.站网布设 network layout 43.站网分析 network analysis 44.站网检验 network examination 45.站网优化 network optimization 46.站网调整 network adjustment 47.站网密度 network density 48.现实密度 real density 49.可用密度 usable density 50.容许最稀站网 minimum network 51.设站年限 station required age 52.水文信息 hydrologic information 53.水文效益 hydrologic benefit三、测验基本设施及测量术语1.基面 datum 2.绝对基面（标准基面） absolute datum 3.假定基面 arbitrary datum 4.测站基面 station datum 5.冻结基面 stationary datum 6.测站控制 station control27.河槽控制 channel control 8.断面控制 section control 9.人工控制 artificial control10.河底控制 river bottom control 11.槛式控制 sill control 12.测验河段 measuring reach13.水流平面图 flow plane map 14.水道地形图 channel topographic map 15.断面标志 cross-section sign 16.断面桩 cross-section stake 17.标志杆 sign rod 18.辐射杆 radiation rod 19.基线 base line 20.基线桩 base line stake 21.水准点 benchmark 22.基本水准点 basic benchmark 23.校核水准点 check benchmark 24.临时水准点 temporary benchmark 25.测验断面 measuring cross-section 26.基本水尺断面 basic gauge cross-section 27.流速仪测流断面 current-meter measuring cross-section28.浮标测流断面 float measuring cross-section 29.比降水尺断面 slope measuring cross-section30.辅助水尺断面 secondary gauging cross-section 31.水文缆道 hydrometric cableway32.临时测流断面 temporary measuring cross-section 33.悬索缆道 suspended cableway 34.悬杆缆道 suspended rod cableway 35.机动缆道 motorized cableway 36.手动缆道 hand-operating cableway 37.主索 main cable 38.循环索 loop cable39.起重索 suspension cable 40.水文缆车 hydrometric cable car 41.水文测船 hydrometric boat42.吊船过河索 cableway for anchoring boat 43.缆道测验仪 cableway measuring device44.水文测桥 hydrometric bridge 45.桥测车 gauging vehicle on bridge 46.水文巡测车 tour gauging vehicle for hydrometry 47.水准测量 leveling 48.跨河水准测量 river-crossing leveling 49.水尺零点测量 survey of gauge zero 50.控制测量 control survey 51.高程控制测量 vertical control survey 52.平面控制测量 horizontal control survey 53.导线测量 traverse survey 54.三角测量 triangulation 55.距离测量 distance survey 56.河道观测 river survey 57.地形测量 topographic survey 58.碎部测量 detail survey 59.水下地形测量 underwater topographic survey四、降水量、蒸发量观测及仪器设备术语1.降水量 precipitation 2.雨量 rainfall 3.积雪深度 snow depth 4.积雪密度 snow density 5.雪水当量 water equivalent of snow 6.降水历时 precipitation duration 7.降雨强度 rainfall intensity 8.降水日数 number of precipitation days 9.承水器 raingauge receiver10.降水量观测 precipitation observation 11.雨量器 raingauge 12.量杯 measuring glass 13.累积雨量器 accumulative raingauge 14.雨量计 rainfall recorder 15.雪量器 snow gauge16.虹吸式雨量计 siphon rainfall recorder 17.翻斗式雨量计 tipping-bucket rainfall recorder 18.长期雨量计 long-term rainfall recorder 19.遥测雨量计 telemetering rainfall recorder 20.测雨雷达 precipitation-monitoring radar 21.雨雪量计 rain and snow recorder 22.蒸发量 evaporation 23.蒸发量观测 evaporation observation 24.遮挡率 screen ratio25.蒸发量折算系数 reduction coefficient of evaporation 26.蒸发器 evaporation pan 27.小型蒸发器（蒸发皿）small evaporation pan 28.E-601 型蒸发器 evaporation pan of type E-601 29.漂浮蒸发。