新目标英语九年级第4单元知识点-.docx

课题： I used to be afraid of the dark教学目标：学会运用used to句型谈论自己与他人的过去习惯、爱好及经常做的事情教学重难点：used to及与used相关的词的用法主要知识点：1. use v.& n. 使用，用途 →adj useful 有用的useless 无用的 ① use sth. to do sth . 用某物做某事 Farmers use horses to do the farm work . 农民用马干农活 ② used to do sth . 过去常常，过去曾经 I used to sleep in class → I didn’t use to sleep in class . I usedn’t to sleep in class . ③ be used to(介词)+ n. / pron. /doing 习惯于 I am used to getting up early . ④ be used to do sth / be used for doing sth 被用来做… The knife is used to cut apples . The knife is used for cutting apples .⑤ be used as 被用作… ‘介词as表示“作为…”，后常接名词 English is used as a foreign language in China .⑥ be used by 被…使用 ，介词by后面常接动作的执行者 The car is used by my uncle .例 --- How does Jack usually go to school ? --- He _____ ride a bike ,but now he _____ there to lose weight . A .used to ; is used to walk B .was used to ; is used to walking C .was used to ;is used to walk D .used to ;is used to walking解析:根据题意可知，此题考查used to do(过去常常做某事)，be used to doing(习惯做某事)，故此题选D. 而be used to do 意为“被用来做…”2. 反意疑问句　 ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问　如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? Lily will go to China, won’t she?　 ②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 如：She doesn’t come from China, does she?You haven’t finished homework, have you?　　③提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn’t she?　　④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。

其反意疑问句用肯定式 如：　　He knows little English, does he?　他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？注：反意疑问句的答语 ① 如果反意疑问句中的陈述部分为肯定句时，用“Yes+肯定结构”作为肯定回答；用“No+否定结构”作为否定回答 --- He enjoys singing , doesn’t he? 他喜欢唱歌，是吗？ --- Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t. 是的，他喜欢/不，他不喜欢 ② 如果反意疑问句中的陈述部分为否定句时，Yes译为“不”，No译为“是” ---You didn’t go to school ,did you ？ 你没有去上学，是吗？ --- Yes, I did . / No, I didn’t . 不，我去了/ 是的，我没去例：---Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _____ ？ ---_____ . He got up too late . A .had he; Yes B .hadn’t he; Yes C .did he; No D .didn’t he; No解析：由nothing可知陈述部分为否定句，故附加疑问部分应用肯定形式，故排除B、D，本句时态为一般过去时，应用助动词did .故选C 3. help v.& n. 帮助 → adj. helpful 有帮助的 相关短语及句型：help sb. with sth. 在……方面帮助…… help oneself to 随便吃…… help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难 help sb. (to ) do sth .帮助某人做某事with the help of sb = with sb’s help 在……的帮助下 4. What’s sb like ? 意为“……是什么样的人？” ，多用于提问人的性格、品质等，也可用于提问人的相貌。

--- What’s Alice like ? --- She is quiet and a little shy . 注：What does sb look like?用来提问人的长相、外貌，意为“…..长得什么样？” --- What does Tom look like ? --- He has short hair .5. enough ①副词，意为“足够的；充分的”，用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后 He runs quickly enough . ②形容词，意为“足够的；充分的”，在句中作定语修饰名词，名词既可放前也可放后 We have enough time to do our homework . ③adj /adv +enough to do sth 意为“足够…可以做某事” The boy is old enough to go to school . 6. It has been + 一段时间 +since + 过去式的陈述句 “自从……已经多长时间了”，还可表示为“It is +一段时间+since+从句” It has been four years since I worked in the school . 注：since此处用作连词，意为“自从；自从…以来”。

主句常用完成时，且动词需用延续性动词Since后接从句，该从句用一般过去时态 She has taught English since I came to this school . since 还可用作介词，意为“自从…以来”，后接表示时间点的词 He has worked there since 10 years ago .例：My uncle has been taught in this school ______ he was twenty years old . A .since B .for C .until D .after解析：since 引导的从句是现在完成时的标志之一句意为“自从他20岁起，我叔叔就一直在这所学校里教学 7. from time to time =sometimes 有时，时常 一般现在时的标志 8．turn 变成 多用于在颜色或性质等方面的变化，强调变化的结果become 变得，成为 通常指身份、职位的变化，强调变化的过程已完成get 变得 多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调“渐渐变得”，其后常接形容词比较级 The man turned blue with fear . 那个人吓得脸色发青。

She became an English teacher . In winter , the days get shorter . 9. see sb. do sth . 看见某人做了某事 指整个过程即：指动作经常发生或刚刚完成 see sb. doing sth .看见某人正在做某事 指当时正在进行的动作 I saw him playing football on the playground . I saw her run into the room .例：When I came into the school , I saw some boys basketball on the playground . A play B . playing C plays D to play 解析：此题考查see sb do sth 和see sb doing sth 的区别，句意为“当我进学校时，我看见一些男孩正在踢足球”，故选B类似用法的单词还有：hear sb. do sth. / hear sb. doing sth .watch sb. do sth . / watch sb doing sth .10. 19-year-old 十九岁的，这是由“数词--名词--形容词”构成的复合形容词，其中间用连字符连接，其中的名词必须用单数。

He is an eight-year-old boy . 例：I don’t believe that this ______ boy can paint such a nice picture . A .five years old B .five-years-old C .five-year-old D .five year old 解析：根据选项直接排除B、D，又因选项A通常作表语，故选CC选项在句中作定语11. take up doing sth . 开始做某事，学着做某事,从事 His father took up learning English at the age of forty .12. deal with 处理，应付 常与how 连用, 侧重于方式、方法；do with 处理 常与what 连用，侧重于对象 I don’t know how they deal with the problem . I don’t know what they do with the problem .例 —I don’t know how to with this math problem . —You can solve it listening carefully in class .A do, by B deal , by 。