高考英语二轮语法精讲精练-名词性从句.pdf

学习好资料欢迎下载高考英语二轮语法词汇复习系列第十章名词 性 从 句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句高考重点要求：1、 掌握主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的基本句型结构2、 弄清名词性从句的连词的用法和意义3、 根据句子语义确定使用何种从属连词第一节知识点概述一 、 引 导 名 词 性 从 句 的 连 接 词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为两类：1. 名词性 that 从句，即以that 为连接词的名词性从句that 只能起连接主句和从句的作用，不充当从句的任何成分，无词义2. 名词性 wh-从句，即以wh-词连接的名词性从句Wh-词包括：连接代词： who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词： when, where, how, why 连接词 whether, if 不充当句子的任何成分。

二 、 主 语 从 句1. 用作主语的从句叫主语从句that 从句作主语，that 不能省略That he likes such kind of books is very interesting.他喜欢这种书是非常有趣的Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否能够来仍然是一个问题What he is looking for is none of your business. 他在找什么与你无关2. 很多主语从句都可以用that 作形式主语例如：It is very interesting that he likes such kind of books. It remains a question whether he will be able to come. 3. It 作形式主语主要包括以下几种类型和搭配关系：1）It + be + adj. + 从句It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 2）It + be + n. + 从句It is a pity that he missed the lecture. 3）It + be + 过去分词+ 从句It is said that they have won the game. 4）It + be + vi. + 从句It seems that something is wrong with the computer. 三 、 表 语 从 句精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载表语从句在句中作表语，它位于主句的联系动词之后。

that 从句作表语， that 不能省略表语从句只用whether，不用 if The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 问题是抽烟的人不抽烟就会感到难受The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这是否值得做This is where he has worked for years. 这就是他多年工作的地方四 、 宾 语 从 句宾语从句在句中作宾语，引导宾语从句的that 可以省略 whether 和 if 可互换，但介词宾语或有or not 时，用 whether. They know that the habit may kill them. 他们知道这个习惯能使他们致死They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack 是否是一个好学生They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。

五 、 同 位 语 从 句同位语从句中先行词不充当从句成分，从句是用来解释先行词的内容That 从句作同位语， that 不能省略Word came that our football team had won the match. 消息传来， 我们的足球队赢了比赛May I ask a question when the meeting will be held? 我能否问个问题，会议什么时候举行？第二节实战演练一 、 复 习 时 需 注 意 的 要 点1. 由从属连词 that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句 That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语2. 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性，从句还要保持陈述句语序3. 当从句是由选择问句转化而成时，一定要用whether 构成 whether.or 结构4. That-从句作主语通常用it 作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

Its a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事用 it 作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：a. It + be + adj. +that 从句It is necessary that有必要It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that 很明显精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载b. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句It is believed tha t 人们相信It is known to all that 从所周知It has been decided that已决定c. It + be + n. + that 从句It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是d. It + be + vi. +that 从句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起5. 选择性疑问从句选择性疑问从句由关联词whetheror 或 whetheror not 构成，例如：Please tell me whether they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

I dont care whether you like the plan or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划二 、 历 届 高 考 试 题 分 析例 1、_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 答案为 C 【解析】本句的结构为It is + 动词的过去分词+that 引导主语从句经常用于这种结构的动词还有say, report, think, hope, expect, consider, suggest 等例 2、There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_. A. that .to be improved B. which.to be improved C. where .improving D .when.improving 答案为 A。

解析】 考查同位语从句因为先行词在从句中不作任何成份，因此用关系词that，故 B、C、D 均不正确对于第2 个空格， need 既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词作实义动词时后跟动词不定式，即need to do sth.，另外road conditions 与 improve 之间是被动关系，因此是 need to be improved(need to be done=need doing)译文：私家车受欢迎所涉及到的新问题是道路状况需要改善例 3、 _made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D.That; because 答案为 B解析】what 引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that 引导表语从句，在表语从句中精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载起连接作用。

例 4、Theres a feeling in me _well never know what a UFO is not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 答案为 A解析】同位语从句that well never know what a UFO is not ever 作 a feeling 的同位语，解释 a feeling 的具体内容 that 连接同位语从句时，只起连接作用不作从句的任何成分译文：我有一个这样的感觉，我们不会知道什么是UFO永远不会例 5、Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 答案为 A解析】这是一个表语从句，what 在表语从句中作takes 的宾语，构成“It takes sth. to do sth.”的句型译文：坚定不移是一种品质坚定不移使人们做好任何事情例 6、When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _he wants. A. what B. which C. when D. that 答。