新概念二Lesson21知识点整理.doc

Lesson 21 Mad or not?是不是疯了 ？学 习 目 标 全解必记单词mad adj.发疯 sum n. 量reason n.原因 determined adj.坚定的，下决定的常考短语drive somebody mad 使某人发疯 night and day日夜不停地 for some reason由于某些原因 come into use开始被使用 knock down 撞到offer something to do something 提供 来做 a large sum of money 一 大笔钱 be determined to 下决心生词解析mad adj.发疯的be mad发疯，发狂（强调状态） go mad发疯，发狂（强调转变） drive sb mad 逼疯/send sb madbe mad about sth对…疯狂的，狂热的/be mad on sthbe mad on football对足球狂热be mad on pop musicbe mad on jazzbe mad about/on sth/be crazy about... 对…着迷 go mad发疯，发狂/go crazy/go insane [in'sein]（歌曲 “Right Here Waiting^^中,"I slowly go insane...the insane精神病人go bananas （si.） become mad or angry, act very foolishly. 发 疯，发怒，傻里傻气go nuts发疯nut: （si.） foolish, eccentric or mad person mental patient精神病患者 mental hospital精神病医院 like mad拼命地，猛烈地，疯狂地生词解析reasonl）n.原因 reasonable adj.合情合理的，良好的，尚可的 at a reasonable price以合理的价格eg. The plane is in a reasonable condition. 飞机的状态 良好 cause导致某事发生的起因 the cause of the fire 大火的起因eg. Smoking is one of the causes of lung cancer.吸烟是月市癌 的起因之一。

reason1） n.原因for this reason由于这个原因 for some reason由于某个原因 （some:某一个，加可数名词单数）/for a certain reason give a reason提出理由 the root reason 根本原因 the reason is that...理由是… the reason why...is that 的理由是…eg. The reason why I study English is that I envy those who speak English well.我学习英语的理由是我羡慕那些讲英语很好的人the reason for sth …理由eg. What's the reason for your absence?你缺席的理由是什 么？the reason to do sth做某事的理由eg. Is there any reason to go there?有去那儿的理由吗？2） 理性，止常心智eg. Only man has reason.只有人类才有理性lose one's reason 丧失理智 beyond all reasons 毫无道理 bring a person to reason使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂 事sum1） n.金额，款项 a sum of money 一 笔钱 表“许多”的短语： a great many + pl.生词解析a number of + pLa great number of + pl.a large number of + pl.a sum of (money)an amount of (money) a large sum of money 一大笔钱 the sum of incomes 收入总计2) n.大意，要旨 the sum of a speech 演讲大意 sum up(1)合计sum up all the expenses把所有的花费加起来⑵总结，概括eg. To sum up, he agrees with us.总的来说,他同意我们的 观点。

in sum == in a word / in short / in brief 总之，要言之determined adj.有决心的，坚定的determine vt.决定，确定，影响 determine a date for a meeting 确定开会的 H 期 eg. The environment determines one's character・ 环境决定人 的性格determine on sth决定做某事/determine to do stheg. We determined to study English hard.我们决定要努力学 习英语eg. I am determined to stay here.我决定留下来eg. I am determined to succeed.我下定决心一定要成功决定做某事”的表达：determine to do sthmake up one's mind to do sthdecide to do sthmake a decision to do sth(decision nJbe determined to do sthdetermination n.判断力，决心a woman of detennination有判断力的女人eg. He showed great dctcrmination•他显示了坚定决心。

1. Aeroplanes arc slowly driving me mad・2. Passing planes can be heard night and day.经典句型3. It came into use.4. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise・5. Fvc been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.被动语态.1. 何时运用被动语态:_(1 )强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus (哥伦布).(2) 不知谁是动作的执行者:You are wanted on the phone.(3) 作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off. (经典句型)2•主动变被动的基本方法：(说起来容易，掌握起来需要 用心！)(1) 主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2) 谓语动词变为由“be+过去分词”的形式，配合时态作 相应变化3) 主动语态主语置于介词by之后，如无必需，则省略4) 不及物动词没有被动语态补充：八大时态被被动重点语法现 在 do (does) —am / is / are + doneWe keep the piano in the living-room. —>The piano is kept in the living-room.过 去 did—was / were + doneThey built the bridge in 1980.—The bridge was built in 1980.将 来 shall shallwill do — will + be + doneHe will read the book tomorrow.—The book will be read tomorrow.现在完成have havehas done —> has + been + doneWe have delivered the newspaper.—The newspapers have been delivered (by us).过去完成 had done —> had been doneShe had seen the film before she came here. —>The film had been seen before she came here.重点语法课文金解将来完成| shall shallwill have done — will have + been + doneBy the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts. —>By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished.现在进行am amis doing —> is + being + doneare areThey are drawing the picture.—The picture is being drawn by them.过去进行 was doing —► was + being + donewere wereHe was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday・ —Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday.情态动词变被动情态动词may maycan canmust mustshould do —> should + be + doneought to ought toused to used toYou must write an article on the subject.—>An article must be written on the subject.!• Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. 飞机正逐渐把 我逼疯。

driveeg. He drives his car very badly.他开车技术非常糟糕eg. The farmer drove the cattle in the field.那位农夫把牛赶 进田里eg. Our army drove the enemy back.我们的军队把敌人赶回 去了eg. During the war, many people were driven out of their homes ・战争期间，许多人被赶出家园2. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day・我住在一个机场附近，过往飞机日夜不绝 于耳in fact the noise of passing pl。