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氧化锌量子点结构、缺陷和发光性能的研究.doc

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    • 天津理工大学 硕士学位论文氧化锌量子点结构、缺陷和发光性能的研究 姓名:庄晋艳 申请学位级别:硕士 专业:凝聚态物理 指导教师:李岚 20210601 摘要 氧化锌〔ZnO〕是一种具有六方纤锌矿结构的II.VI族宽带隙半导体材料,室温下带隙宽度达3.3 eV它具有良好的物理特性,易于与多种半导体材料实现集成化,是一种广泛应用的光电材料 本文总结了ZnO量子点的根本特性以及微观结构,回忆了目前国际上通用的ZnO制备方法、结构缺陷分析与控制的研究现状随后围绕ZnO量子点的可控制备及对ZnO量子点外表缺陷的调控两大方面展开了研究,探讨了液相法技术控制ZnO量子点粒径的因素与途径,利用发光光谱研究了外表处理对ZnO量子点缺陷的修饰与控制以及金属或稀土离子掺杂对发光波长的影响研究结果如下: 1.具有可控粒径ZnO量子点的合成及其生长动力学的研究:量子点粒径的控制合成是研究其各种性质的前提,在光电器件的应用中起着重要的作用本文系统地讨论了反响温度、前驱物浓度及溶液的pH值对ZnO量子点生长过程、粒径及荧光强度的影响结果说明:当pH在9左右,前驱物浓度为0.02 M时,调节反响温度可以使ZnO量子点直径在3 nm.6 nm之间变化。

      我们对不同温度下ZnO量子点形成过程中的形核,长大和老化阶段进行了讨论,发现晶核的形成和长大阶段为快速过程,并且随着温度的升高其生长速率加快,后期的老化过程较慢,采用Lifshitz.S|yozov.Wagner〔LSW〕模型解释了这一过程不同生长温度量子点的光致发光光谱测试结果说明,紫外区域发射是由激子复合造成的,可见区域的发光来源于导带底到氧填隙缺陷能级的跃迁 2.可见区域不同波段缺陷的可控研究:目前对ZnO缺陷发射来源一直存在争议,本文通过对所获得的ZnO量子点的外表进行了处理,以研究量子点外表缺陷的组成以及对荧光强度产生的影响首先在氧化锌外表包覆了CuO壳层,其紫外波段荧光强度有所提高,当CuO与ZnO的摩尔比为l:2时荧光强度到达最大值这是由于随着水解的氧化铜增多,界面上的悬键和缺陷大量减少或消失,当摩尔比为l:2时,对外表态的修复到达最优状态绿光波段发射强度受到了抑制其次,选择硫化钠和硫代乙酰胺为前驱物,形成宽带隙的硫化锌对氧化锌进行包覆,制备获得Zno/ZnS核/壳结构的量子点在可见区域的荧光强度明显减弱,说明均在氧化锌量子点外表形成了包覆层,外表缺陷减少本文还通过参加一定量毓基乙酸制备水溶性量子点,当ZnO与MPA的摩尔比为l:l,荧光强度到达最大值,并随着巯基乙酸的进一步增加荧光强度减弱。

      这是由于电子通过非辐射跃迁转移至MPA的最低未占轨道中,导致电子从能级跃迁回价带的几率减少我们制备了氧化锌薄膜并选择溅射方式在其上形成金的薄膜被离子溅射后的紫外波段的荧光强度在沉积10 s时强度最强,这是由于随着沉积时间的延长金粒子沉积在氧化锌外表的密集度增加,从而使晶格趋于完善,致使发光强度最强 3.ZnO掺杂量子点的研究:选用与锌离子半径相近的Cu离子取代Zn离子,光谱分析说明在320 nm光激发下获得了490 nm左右的蓝色发射,且当掺杂量为O.2%时发光强度最强随后,选择了铕离子进行掺杂,制备了ZnO:Eu量子点,随着铕离子掺杂浓度的增加其荧光强度增强对以上两种掺杂粒子的能级模型进行了讨论关键词: 氧化锌量子点缺陷生长包覆荧光 A bstract As kind of II.VI compound semiconductor,Zinc oxide with wurtzite structure and 3.3 aeV band-gap has excellent physical propertiy and easily achieves integration in photoelectricdevices. In this papeL we summarize the characteristic and microstructure briefly,reviewpreparation methods and progress of defect controlling of ZnO quantum dots.Subsequently,the controlled synthesis of ZnO quantum dots and its surface defect have been studied indetail.Our main work focuses on the factors of controlling the size of ZnO quantum dots insolution phase.Base on the photoluminescence〔PL〕spectrum,we study the influence ofsuface modification on the defect of ZnO quantum dots and doping of metal or lanthanon ionon ZnO quantum dots.The results of the main results are listed as follows: 1.Discussion of the size controlled synthesis and growth kinetics of ZnO quantum dots:Size controiled synthesis of quantum dots is foundation of phy’sits characteristic research.which has important influence on the application of optoelectronic devices.We discuss thereaction temperature,pH value combined with the concentration of precursors on the size andfluorescence spectrum of ZnO quantum dots.Under optimized pH around 9 and theconcentration of precursors at 0.02 M.the grain sized between 3nm.6nm of ZnO quantumdots are obtained by changing temperture and duration time.We mainly discuss the nucleation.growth andcoarsening stages during the foITnation process of nanoparticle.The nucleation isnearly in identical duration at different temperatures.Growth process is the most sensitive totemperature upon three processes and the relatively gentle incline rate for coarsening processis well explained by Lifshitz.Slyozov.Wagner〔LSW〕model.By photoluminescence〔PL〕spectra of quantum dots at different temperatures and reactive time,we come to a conclusionthat ultraviolet emission is mainly due to exciton recombination.and the origination of visibleemission comes from the transition between the bottom of the conduction band and the defectband formed by oxygen. 2.Surface defect controlling of the ZnO quantum dots:There has been a controversy onthe origin of defects related luminescent for ZnO quantum dots.In this paper’we try tomodify the surface of ZnO quantum dots to improve the surface defect and fluorescenceintensity in ultraviolet range。

      CuO was first coated to forill ZnO/CuO core.shell and enhanceluminescent intensity of ultraviolet〔UV〕band with maximum at l:2 of molar ratio of CuO:ZnO.We owe it to vanish of suspension bond by addition of hydrolytic CuO.By contraries.the intensity of green range is restrained.To achieve effective energy transfer,we prepareZnO/ZnS core.shell by Na2S and TAA as precursors.The luminescent intensity of visiblerange decreases obviously because surface defects are clothed.In order to obtainwater-soluble ZnO quantum dots.mercaptoacetic acid〔MPA〕is chosen to cover surface ofZnO quantum dots.The Deak of UV band reaches maximum when the molar ratio of ZnO:MPA is l:1 and then turns to degressive trend.This is because electrons transfer fromconduction band to the LUMO of MPA through the nonradiative transition by excessive MPAadded.metal Au thin film is sputtered on ZnO quantum dots film.The fluorescence intensityof UV region reachs maximum after 1 Os deposition of Au and then droped as depositionduration prolonged.which is caused by density of Au particle deposit on sruface increase asdeposition time prolong.so lattice tends to perfect and the luminous intensity reachesmaximum. 3.The luminescence spectrum of doped ZnO quantum d。

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