
初中英语八年级上(初三)鲁教版 五四制 英语课本(65-90).pdf
26页65 Notes on the Text Notes on the Text Unit 1 Could you please clean your room? 1. Tony, could you please help out with a few things? 托尼,你能帮忙做几件事吗? help out (with something)是一个动词短语,表示在某人繁忙或遇到困难时“给 予帮助” 再如本单元中这句话: You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你老是看电视,从 不帮忙干家务 另外,在help和out之间还可加入具体的“人” 例如: Can you help me out? 你能帮我一把吗? They helped (us) out with the clean-up. 他们帮助我们做大扫除 2. ... because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. 因为妈妈随时 都会买完东西回来 any minute now是一种常见的口语表达法,相当于“随时;马上;在任何时刻”的 意思,表示事情有可能在极短的时间内发生或眼下就要发生。
在这一结构中,minute还 可用second, moment, time等词替换例如: The guests are arriving any time now but were still not ready. 客人们即刻就到,但 我们还没有准备好 Were expecting them any moment now. 我们期待他们随时到来 3. “What happened?” she asked in surprise. 她惊讶地问道: “发生什么事了?” 此句中介词短语in surprise表示状态,意思是“吃惊地;惊讶地” 再如: She looked at me in great surprise and asked after a long while, “Didnt you just leave for Australia this morming?” 她极其惊讶地看着我,好长一会儿才问道: “你不是今 早才离开去澳大利亚了吗? ” 4. It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。
此处代词it仅为形式上的主语,真正的主语是to providefor their children我们 也可将It is ones job (duty, ...) to do something. 视为一个固定的句型,表示“做某事 是某人的工作(职责等) ” 又如: Its every teachers job to explain things clearly to the students. 把东西给学生讲明白 是每一位老师应做的事情 66 Notes on the Text 5. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 反正我觉得干点家务也不太 难 anyway是一个副词,若位于句首,其后往往会有逗号将其与句子的其他内容隔开 anyway在此句中的作用是追加评论,相当于汉语的“反正;仍然;依然” 又如: Sam didnt get the job, but hes not unhappy because it didnt pay well anyway. 萨姆 没有得到那份工作,但他并没有闷闷不乐,反正薪酬也不算高。
anyway还可用来表示“不管怎样;无论如何”之意例如: Its just a cold. But anyway, you should still see the doctor. 这只不过是感冒,但不 管怎样,你还是应该看看医生 6. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们 越早学会独立,对他们的未来就越好 “the+比较级+,the+比较级+”是英语中一个常用的句型结构,表示“越 ,就越”又如: The more he explained,the better we understood. 他解释得越多,我们就理解得 越透彻 Many people believe that the more a person reads, the wiser he will become. 很多 人相信一个人书读得越多就会变得越聪明 Unit 2 Why dont you talk to your parents? 1. Although shes wrong, its not a big deal. 尽管她做得不对,但也没什么了不起的。
big deal是英语中的一个固定搭配,表示“重要的事情或状况” ,多用于非正式交流 作否定用法时,常说Its not a big deal. 或Its no big deal. 表示说话人并不认为某事有什 么了不起例如: Theres a soccer game on TV this evening but I dont have to watch it. Its no big deal. 今天晚上电视上有一场足球赛,但我不一定要看没什么大不了的 big deal也经常用于肯定和疑问结构中例如: Its a big deal, David, bigger than you know. 这事挺重要的,戴维,比你所知道的要 重要 Whats the big deal? Its only a birthday, not the end of the world. 有什么了不起 的?这不过是个生日,又不是世界末日 2. Hope things work out. 希望事情会好起来 这是一种常见的表达法,表示某些不如人意的事情会随时间的推移逐渐有所改观 句中work out为短语动词,表示“解决(问题) ;改善(状况) ”之意。
又如: Dont worry. Things will work out. 别担心,事情会慢慢解决的 67 Notes on the Text Do you want to stay with us to see how things work out? 你想和我们待在一起,看 看事情如何得以解决吗? 3. They fight a lot, and I really dont like it. 他们经常争吵,我真的不喜欢这样 此处fight为“吵架; (激烈的)争吵”之意又如: Although they just got married, theyre fighting almost every day. 虽然他们刚结婚, 但几乎天天吵架 fight另有“打架”之意,应注意结合语境进行区分例如: My little brothers are always fighting. 我的小弟弟们老是打架 As kids, we always fought for toys in the kindergarten, but now were pretty good friends. 儿时我们在幼儿园里总是打架争抢玩具,可如今我们是相当好的朋友。
4. Sad and Thirteen伤心13 这是一个利用普通词汇组合而成的“名字” ,将人物的心情和年龄组合在一起,意思 是“一个伤心的13岁孩子” 作为人名,可译作“伤心13” 5. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but ... 或许我可以减掉他们几个活 动,但 此处cut out是一个短语动词,表示“删除;剪下”或“停止;戒除”等再如: Dont cut your parents out of your lives. 不要把父母从你的生活中赶出去 If you cut out the drinking, youd feel much healthier. 如果你戒掉酒,就会觉得身 体好很多 6. People shouldnt push their kids so hard. 人们不该对自己的孩子逼得太紧 动词push的基本意思是“推;推动” 例如: Dont push this door; you have to pull it open. 别推这扇门,你得把它拉开才行 但是在本单元中,push表示“使(某人)努力;鞭策;督促” ,其后宾语可以是别 人或自己。
例如: The math teacher really pushes his students. Thats why they dont like him that much. 那位数学老师确实对学生们鞭策过多了,这就是他们不那么喜欢他的原因 Lucy should push herself a little harder. 露西应该鞭策自己再加把劲儿了 Unit 3 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 1. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有光亮,感觉就像半夜一样 此句中介词with表示一种伴随的状况,同时还包含着某种因果关系,表示“因某种 状况的存在而导致” ,因此可译作“由于;因为”等例如: With my parents away, Im the king of the house. 我爸妈不在,我可是家中的 “王”了! 68 Notes on the Text I cant work with all that noise going on. 由于那噪音响着,我无法工作。
2. Bens dad ... while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 本的爸爸,同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用 1) 此句中的连词while的意思是“当的时候;和同时” ,while还可以表示 “而;然而;但(是) ”之意,用来说明或强调两种事情或情形的不同例如: Tom is active and outgoing while his sister Rosa is shy and quiet. 汤姆活跃外向, 而他的妹妹罗莎却羞怯腼腆 2) make sure的意思是“确认;查明;核实;确保;设法保证” ,其后可接句子,或 接介词of及宾语,用来引入需要确认的内容例如: Could you make sure what time hes arriving? I would like to go and meet him at the airport. 你确认一下他几点到达好吗?我想去机场接他 Make sure you turn off the TV before you leave the house. 在你离开屋子前确认关 闭了电视。
3) 此句中的work表示机器、器官等的“运作;运转” ,这是动词work的一种基本 用法再如: My watch is waterproofthat means it would work fine even if its in water. 我的手 表是防水的这就是说即便在水里它也会正常运转 My brain isnt working well。












