气液两相流流动噪声检测及特性研究.pdf

摘 要 I摘 要 确定多相流的流动状态及其参数是这些年多相流研究的热点问题近两年我国石油的需求量迅猛增长，如何提高石油的提炼率，以较低的成本获取更大的效益是研究多相流流动的具体应用油、气、水三相流测量技术是解决这一问题，分析这一问题的强力武器，而气、液两相流动机理的研究是解决三相流测量的理论基础 气液两相流动体系中的截面含气率对确定气液两相流系统的流型、气液分相流量以及管道中的摩擦压降、重力压降和惯性压降等均起到重要作用因此研究气、液两相流的参数，例如截面含气率的测量方法具有重要的工程应用价值 本文以气、液两相流为研究对象，采用实验模拟和理论分析两种手段，分别用超声波法和声发射技术对两相流各参数及其流型进行研究，在以下几个方面开展了研究和创新性工作： 1.提出超声波法来对两相流进行研究，采用超声波探伤仪对流体的液面高度进行测量，分静态和动态两种情况分析，计算流体的截面含气率； 2.利用声发射技术测量两相流在管道中的噪声信号，对声发射检测仪的探头获得的信号进行分析，与两相流的流型结合研究； 3.设计了实验过程，确定了实验的测试对象，选定了实验装置（透明有机玻璃管）和实验系统（中压湿气测试装置） ，主要测定两相流液面高度和流动状下的噪声信号； 4.对得到的高频数据用 MATLAB 中的小波函数进行处理。

编写程序，处理数据，画出图像，并与实际流型比较，总结此方法的实用性和优缺点等，为下一步工作做好铺垫 关键词 气液两相流 噪声 超声波法 声发射法 MATLAB Abstract IIAbstract The two-phase flow in the oil industry is one of the hotspot research in recent years. With the resources of the oil growing tensionly, the exploitation and transportation of the oil resources should be scientific and rational,and improving the economic benefits by reducing the cost are becoming more and more important, to achieve this goal,the separation measurement technology of the oil-gas-water three-phase flow is an effective way. The void fraction of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the system has a important effect on determining the flow pattern of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, the gas-liquid phase separation and the frictional pressure drop, gravity pressure drop and inertial pressure drop in the pipeline. Therefore, the study on the measurement method of gas-liquid two-phase flow void fraction has important engineering applications. Based on the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow by the ultrasonic technology , the advantages and disadvantages of the ultrasonic measurement are summarized,this paper presents a method of analysising two-phase flow by using ultrasonic flaw detector and acoustic emission detector,This paper developed mainly in the follow aspects: The obtained data is processed by wavelet function in matlab and then compared with the actual flow pattern. 1. Ultrasonic is put forward to study the two-phase flow. The ultrasonic flaw detector is used to measure the liquid height of the fiow; 2. Acoustic emission detector is used to measure the noise signal of the two-phase flow in pipelines; 3.Designing the experimental procedures , determing the experimental test object, the experimental device(transparent plexiglass tube) and experimental system(medium pressure moisture testing device) is selected,the major work is measureing the liquid height and the noise signal of the two-phase flow in pipelines; 4.The high-frequency data is processed by wavelet function in MATLAB. And then programming,data processing, drawing the image.At last compared with the actual pattern of Abstract IIIthe two-phase flow. Keywords gas-liquid two-phase noise Ultrasonic technology Acoustic emission Matlab 目 录 IV目 录 第 1 章 绪 论 .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 多相流简介 ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 多相流的测量 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 多相流的流型 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.3 多相流测量的主要参数 .................................................................................. 4 1.1.4 测量难点 .......................................................................................................... 5 1.1.5 多相流测量的国内外发展状况 ...................................................................... 6 1.2 多相流主要测量技术和方法 .................................................................................... 6 1.2.1 气液两相流几种测量方法 .............................................................................. 7 1.2.2 对多相流相分率的测量方法 .......................................................................... 7 1.3 多相流量计介绍 ........................................................................................................ 8 1.3.1 多相流量计分类 .............................................................................................. 8 1.3.2 全分离式多相流量计 ...................................................................................... 8 1.3.3 取样分离式多相流量计 .................................................................................. 8 1.3.4 不分离式多相流量计 ...................................................................................... 9 1.3.5 多相流量计的发展趋势 ................................................................................ 10 1.4 本文的研究工作 ...................................................................................................... 11 1.4.1 研究的主要内容 ............................................................................................ 11 1.4.2 本文的结构 .................................................................................................... 12 第 2 章 超声波技术在多相流上的应用 ...................。