
替代词one_ones_that_those_it_this_that讲解[整理].ppt
25页替代词one和ones 替代词one和ones可用来代替前面已出现过的可数名词,以避免重复,可以指人,也可以指物one代替单数名词,ones代替复数名词 one和ones用来代替可数名词,具有泛指概念 I have a bike. Do you have one? 我有一辆自行车,你有吗? I have two pens, a red one and a blue one. 我有两支钢笔,一支红钢笔和一支蓝钢笔 one=a bike,是泛指这里不能用it代替a bike,因it=the bike,是特指当one被定语修饰而仍是泛指性质时,前面要加不定冠词a或an 当one和ones被定语修饰,表示特指时,前面用定冠词 —Which one? —The one in the white car. These new English books are different from the old ones. 这些新英语书与那些旧英语书不同 —Which windows? —The ones in the classroom. one前面可以加this或that。
构成this one和that one,而ones前面不能用these或those,但当ones前面有形容词修饰时,可以用these或those如: This apple is red, but that one is yellow 这只苹果是红色的,但那只是黄色的 These white coats are Li Ping's and those blue ones are Li Dong's. 这些白外套是李平的,那些蓝色的外套是李冬的替代词替代词one, ones, that, those, it, this, that1)one, ones, that, thoseThat替替换换单单数数可可数数名名词词或或不不可可数数名名词词;;one只只替换替换单数的可数名词单数的可数名词Eg: The vase on the left is more beautiful than __________ on the right.The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than __________in Mexico.the onethatThat只用于替换表示只用于替换表示事物事物的名的名词,词, 而而one/ones替换表示替换表示人人和和表示表示事物事物的名词皆可。
的名词皆可Eg: His younger sister is taller than the elder ___.I need the plastic bags, not the paper______ .oneonesThat/ those一一般般不不带带前前置置定定语语,,但但必必须须有有后后置置定定语语One/ones都都可可当当替替换换词词的的后后置置定定语语用用所所有有格格的的of短短语语或或当当替替换换词词被被所所有有格格修修饰饰时时,,不不用用one/ones而而用用that of/those of. Eg: I like the vase better than ________________in another shop.The windows of your flat are cleaner than_____of mine. A grandparent’s job is easier than_____of a parent.The computers in our school are connected to the Internet while_______in their school aren’t.the one / thatthosethatthoseThat/ those用用于于替替换换有有定定冠冠词词的的名名词词;;one/ones用于替换有不定冠词的名词。
用于替换有不定冠词的名词Eg: The style of the building is similar to _________of a temple.A CD player made in Japan costs more than ________made in China.thatone2) it, this和和 that都可以替代前文已提到的事或情况,细微差别在于都可以替代前文已提到的事或情况,细微差别在于it不如其余两者那么强调不如其余两者那么强调Eg: So she decided to paint the door pink. ______upset the neighbours a bit.So she decided to paint the house pink. _____really upset the neighbours.ItThat当前面提到的事物不止一件时,当前面提到的事物不止一件时, it通常指最先提到通常指最先提到的事物,而的事物,而this/that是指最后提到的事物是指最后提到的事物Eg: We keep the ice cream machine in the spare room. ________is mainly used by the children. (指指 the machine) We keep the ice cream machine in the spare room. ____________is mainly used by the children. (指指the spare room)ItThis/ThatThis可可以以出出现现在在它它所所指指代代的的事事物物之之前前;;而而that则则指上文所提到的事物。
指上文所提到的事物Eg: Listen to________! We will have three days off. “A penny saved is a penny earned.” Who said_________?thisthatEg: I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using______ now.I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _______soon.It用用以以指指特特定定的的前前面面提提到到过过的的事事物物,,即即::it和和它它替替换换的的是是同同一一个个事事物物,,it前前无无修修饰饰语语;;而而one用用于于替替换换与与前前提提事事物物有有共共同同之之处处但但并并不不完完全全一一样样的的事事物物,,因因此此,,one之之前前或或之之后后一一定定有有修修饰饰语来加以区别语来加以区别3) It和和one itone It引起的几个易混淆的时间句型引起的几个易混淆的时间句型 It + be + 时间时间 + since-clause 这个句型表示从这个句型表示从since 从从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间,句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间,意为意为““自从自从......以来已多久了以来已多久了”” It is three years since his father passed away . It + be + 时间时间 + before-clause 这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语 (如:如:a a long time , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ,,主句中的谓语动词用肯定式,意为主句中的谓语动词用肯定式,意为““过多过多长时间才长时间才......””。
主句的谓语动词是否定式时,意主句的谓语动词是否定式时,意为为““没过多长时间就没过多长时间就......””主句的时态可用过去主句的时态可用过去时时was或将来时或将来时will be;用;用was 时,时,before从句的动词从句的动词用一般过去时;用用一般过去时;用will be 时,时,before从句常用一般现从句常用一般现在时 她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌 It was _______________she learned those poems by heart . 过了很久警察才来过了很久警察才来It was ______________the police arrived . 要过好几个小时他才会作出决定要过好几个小时他才会作出决定 It __________hours before he makes a decision . 要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的 __________________before meet again . not long beforelong beforewill beIt will not be hours 3. It + be + 时间时间 + when-clause 这个句型中这个句型中, it 指时间,而且表示时间的词语指时间,而且表示时间的词语前没有介词前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间时间一般为具体时间)。
主句中的主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的,主句是一致的,主句是will be,,when从句用一般现从句用一般现在时代替将来时在时代替将来时It was already 8 o‘clock when we got home .It was the next morning when we finished our work .It will be midnight when they get there . It + be + 时间时间 + that-clause 这个句型是个强调这个句型是个强调句型例如:句型例如: It was two years ago that he made animportant invention . (原句是:原句是:__________________________________)It was at 5 o’clock that he practised playing the violin in the morning . (原句是:原句是:________________________________) 比较:比较:It was 5 o’clock when he started in the morning . (5 o‘clock前没有介词,这是个定语从前没有介词,这是个定语从句句) He made an important invention two years ago . He practised playing the violin at 5 o‘clock in the morning . •It + be + time + that-clause这个句型属虚拟语气结构,不管主句中用的是这个句型属虚拟语气结构,不管主句中用的是 is 或或 was ,,that从句都须用动词的过去式或从句都须用动词的过去式或should + 动词原型动词原型(但不及用过去式普通但不及用过去式普通),在,在time之前有时可加上之前有时可加上high或或about 以加强语气以加强语气。
例如:例如: It is time(that)we handed in our exercises .(= It is time that we should hand in ourexercises .) It is high time (that ) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend . •It / This / That + the first(second , third …) time + that-clause这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历,关键是注意经历,关键是注意time前有序数词,主句是前有序数词,主句是 is 时时 ,从句要用现在完成时;如果主句用一般过,从句要用现在完成时;如果主句用一般过去时去时was ,,则从句须相应地用过去完成时则从句须相应地用过去完成时例如:例如: This is the first time (that) these Europeans ____________the Great Wall . It was the fifth time (that) I ___________a friendly visit to Africa . had paidhave visited There起始的句型归纳:起始的句型归纳: 1)) there live/stand/lie/exist… There lay a ditch two metres wide ahead.2) There come/go/appear/occur/follow…用用于于描述某事的发生或某个动作的开始。
描述某事的发生或某个动作的开始Eg: There will follow a break of 10 minutes and then we will go on with the lecture.3) There being…((独立主格结构)独立主格结构)Eg: There being nothing left in the fridge, we had to do some shopping first.4) …there to be结结构构常常见见于于动动词词intend, mean, consider, hate, want等词后Eg: No one would expect there to be a war in his country. I don’t want there to be another accident like this. 结结构构::It+动动词词be+强强调调部部分分+who(whom)/that+其其他部分他部分it可以用来对句子的某一成分加以强调可以用来对句子的某一成分加以强调It 用于强调句用于强调句 Eg: Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo last week. It was Nancy who saw your sister in Tokyo last week. It was your sister whom Nancy saw in Tokyo last week. It was in Tokyo that Nancy saw your sister last week. It was last week that Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo.有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构:有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构:It wasn’t until last summer that I heard from her. I didn’t do all this for myself. It wasn’t for myself that I did all this.问句也可变成这种结构:问句也可变成这种结构:Who called him “comrade”?Who was it that called him “comrade”?How did you forget to lock the door?How was it that you forgot to lock the door?Ex:把下列句子改为强调句:把下列句子改为强调句:1.Tom broke the window last night.2. They want money.3. Peter saw his friend in the park yesterday.4. I didn’t have an opportunity of seeing her again for several years. 5. Why does everyone think I’m narrow-minded?6. I didn’t receive my letter until yesterday?7. Did Dick call the meeting last week?8. Did it happen in 1980?1.Tom‘s mother kept telling him that he should work harder , but ___ didn’t help . A. he B. which C. she D. it 1.As ___ happens , I have brought my umbrella with me . A. it B. this C. that D. such 3. ___has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules . A. As B. It C. That D. This 4. It was seven forty-five ___he finished the work . A. when B. that C. when D. before DAAA5. Was it because it snowed last night ___ he didn‘t come ? A. why B. that C. when D. which 6. Does ___ matter if he can’t finish the job on time ? A. this B. that C. he D. it 7. European football is played in 80 countries , making ___ the most popular sport in the world . A.which B. this C. that D. it 8.___ is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment . A. It B. This C. That D. ThereBDDD9. It worried a bit ___ her hair was turning gray . A. while B. that C. if D. for 10. It was not ___ she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famous film star . A. when ; that B. until ; that C. until ; when D. when ; thenBB。












