语法填空解题方法指导.docx

语法填空解题方法指导1.纯空格题：主要填冠词、代词、介词、关联词等虚词1）代词:在简单句和并列句中，句子缺主语或宾语时，可以考虑填人称代词My deskmate is Li Ming. is a tall, handsome and hard-working boy and we all like （2）限定词：在名词或“形容词+名词”前，可以考虑填限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词或可以作定语的不定代词）There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed __________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heartThe little boy pulled ________ right hand out of the pocket … In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed __3__ very large stone.（3）介词：当空格后的名词或代词不是作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，应为介词的宾语，故填介词。

When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back____the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. In short, I believe that it is _________ great use to keep a dairy in English… Our headteacher, Mr.Li, is very strict us everything（4）关联词：当空格前后都是句子，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，填关联词具体哪个关联词，由两句之间的逻辑关系来决定，关联词包括连词和从句引导词He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ______ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higherOnce there lived a rich man ____ wanted to do something for the people of his town.Unluckily, you are likely to face conflicts we are getting along with friends.（5）助动词：在强调句、倒装句或者疑问句中常用到助动词，常用的助动词有will，do/does/did等。

Only when we lose something we realize its importantce.anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?（6）情态动词：当句子结构完整时，则练习上下文，配合语境助动词或者情态动词Tom spent too much time on computer games so he didn’t pass the exam last week. The teacher told him that he have studied hard.2、有括号提示性填空（1）谓语动词：如果所给词是动词，空格前是名词或代词，比较复杂的时候是动名词、不定式或者主语从句，那么这个空一定是缺谓语，所以要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态还要考虑主谓一致，以及是否要用虚拟语气等The young man ________(present)the water to the old.Making friends sometimes ____ (seem) easyI was certain she would like it because I _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. （2）非谓语动词：如果句子不缺谓语，而所给词又是动词，如果能排除是词形转换题的话，那么这个空一定是非谓语动词。

多数情况下，动词不定式表示动作还未发生；动名词可以在句子中做主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词和过去分词做定语、状语、补语和表语同时，现在分词通常表示动作正在进行，和逻辑主语是主谓关系，而过去分词表示动作已完成或者和逻辑主语是动宾关系So John Snow made up his mind to help ordinary people __2__ (expose) to cholera.He spit it out, ______(say)it was awful.She was expected ________ (deliver) a good speech.（3）形容词和副词比较级：当括号中所给词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或者副词时，很可能填该词的比较级（或最高级）要善于分析语境，辨别省略than的隐性比较级England is the __5__ (large) of the four countries.Last night Li Ming invited me to see a film.It is based on a true story and I have not seen a (good) film for a long time.(4) 词类转换：当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要进行词类转换。

a.作主语或宾语用名词形式b.作定语、表语或者补足语常用形容词形式c.修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或整个句子作状语，用副词形式His teacher took a deep drink, smiled______(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.As far as I am concerned, my___________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reachThe scientists are doing ________(science) research on the rats.（5）名词复数：当括号中所给的名词在句中充当主语或者宾语时，要考虑其单复数形式Our class consists of 55 (student).Ⅳ.实战演练（A）Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. [1]___________ these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking(拔) up a crop [2]____________ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help [3]____________ rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about [4]____________ day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.One day, he came up with an idea [5]____________ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.He was very tired [6]____________ doing this for a whole day, [7]____________ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” [8]____________ (high).His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their [9]____________ (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often [10]____________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.(B)Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese 1 (kill) right below their windows. She wa 2 neighbor. Yet 3 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police.John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the reasons 4 people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 5 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 6 emergency. Is the smoke coming into the roo 7 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 8 importantly, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 9 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 10 the person won’t get the help he needs.Ⅵ.Summary通读全文, 理解大意分析句子, 确定词性根据语义, 确定词形检查搭配, 前后连贯。