GRE阅读题目解析：拒绝经验主义.docx

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） GRE阅读题目解析：拒绝经验主义 GRE阅读：GRE阅读题目解析：拒绝经验主义 GRE考试：精品课程高端指导 P3 Many cultural anthropologists have come to reject the scientific framework of empiricism that dominated the field until the 1970s and now regard all scientific knowledge as socially constructed. They argue that information about cultures during the empiricist era typically came from anthropologists who brought with them a prepackaged set of conscious and unconscious biases. Cultural anthropology, according to the post-1970s critique, is unavoidably subjective, and the anthropologist should be explicit in acknowledging that fact. Anthropology should stop striving to build a better database about cultural behavior and should turn to developing a more humanistic interpretation of cultures. The new framework holds that it may be more enlightening to investigate the biases of earlier texts than to continue with empirical methodologies. 1. The author implies which of the following about most cultural anthropologists working prior to the 1970s? A. They argued that scientific knowledge was socially constructed. B. They were explicit in acknowledging the biases inherent in scientific investigation. C. They regarded scientific knowledge as consisting of empirical truths. D. They shared the same conscious and unconscious biases. E. They acknowledged the need for a new scientific framework. 2. According to the passage, “many cultural anthropologists” today would agree that anthropologists should A. build a better, less subjective database about cultural behavior B. strive to improve the empirical methodologies used until the 1970s C. reject the notion that scientific knowledge is socially constructed D. turn to examining older anthropological texts for unacknowledged biases E. integrate humanistic interpretations with empirical methodologies P3 1 Many cultural anthropologists have come to reject the scientific framework of empiricism that dominated the field until the 1970s and now regard all scientific knowledge as socially constructed. 1970 年代以前，经验主义的科学框架，主导着文化人类学领域，而今很多文化人类学家已经拒绝了这个框架，并认为所有科学知识都是通过社会构成的。

2 They argue that information about cultures during the empiricist era typically came from anthropologists who brought with them a prepackaged set of conscious and unconscious biases. 他们认为，纵观经验主义者的时代，关于文化的信息，典型地来自于那些，怀着一整套有意无意的偏见的人类学家 3 Cultural anthropology, according to the post-1970s critique, is unavoidably subjective, and the anthropologist should be explicit in acknowledging that fact. 根据 1970 年代后的评论，文化人类学无法避免主观视角，且人类学家应该清楚地告知读者这一点 4 Anthropology should stop striving to build a better database about cultural behavior and should turn to developing a more humanistic interpretation of cultures. 人类学该停止力图打造一个更好的文化行为数据库，且应该转而对不同文化做出更人性的解读。

5 The new framework holds that it may be more enlightening to investigate the biases of earlier texts than to continue with empirical methodologies. 新框架认为研究那些早先语境下的偏见也许更有启发意义，而不是继续采用经验主义的方法论 1. The author implies which of the following about most cultural anthropologists working prior to the 1970s? A. They argued that scientific knowledge was socially constructed. B. They were explicit in acknowledging the biases inherent in scientific investigation. C. They regarded scientific knowledge as consisting of empirical truths. D. They shared the same conscious and unconscious biases. E. They acknowledged the need for a new scientific framework. 选 C A 根据句 1，这是 1970 年代以后的人类学家的觉悟。

B 错，理由同上，根据在句 3 C 正确但与其说我们多么确定它正确，不如说我们非常确定地排除了 D / E D 错在 share the same，未知信息，我们不知道是不是以前所有的人类学家的偏见都是相同的 E 未知信息可能意识到了，可能没有，文章没说 2. According to the passage, “many cultural anthropologists” today would agree that anthropologists should A. build a better, less subjective database about cultural behavior B. strive to improve the empirical methodologies used until the 1970s C. reject the notion that scientific knowledge is socially constructed D. turn to examining older anthropological texts for unacknowledged biases E. integrate humanistic interpretations with empirical methodologies 选 D 根据句 5： The new framework holds that it may be more enlightening to investigate the biases of earlier texts than to continue with empirical methodologies. 更多关于GRE考试时间、GRE备考技巧等内容尽在GRE考试，欢迎进入了解！第 5 页 共 5 页。