for的用法完全归纳.doc

for的用法完全归纳用法1：(表目的)为了如：They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了What did you do that for? 你干吗这样做？That’s what we’re here for. 这正是我们来的目的What’s she gone for this time? 她这次去干什么去了？He was waiting for the bus. 他在等公共汽车在通常情况下，英语不用 for doing sth 来表示目的如：他去那儿看他叔叔误：He went there for seeing his uncle.正：He went there to see his uncle.但是，若一个动名词已名词化，则可与 for 连用表目的如：He went there for swimming. 他去那儿游泳swimming 已名词化)注意：若不是表目的，而是表原因、用途等，则其后可接动名词用法2：(表利益)为，为了如：What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？We study hard for our motherland. 我们为祖国努力学习。

Would you please carry this for me? 请你替我提这个东西好吗？Do more exercise for the good of your health. 为了健康你要多运动1) 有些后接双宾语的动词(如 buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等)，当双宾语易位时，通常用 for 来引出间接宾语，表示间接宾语为受益者如：She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter. 她为她女儿做了件连衣裙He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us. 他为我们煮了些土豆注意，类似下面这样的句子必须用 for：He bought a new chair for the office. 他为办公室买了张新办公椅2) 注意不要按汉语字面意思，在一些及物动词后误加介词 for：他们决定在电视上为他们的新产品打广告误：They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.正：They decided to advertise their new product on TV.注：advertise 可用作及物或不及物动词，但含义不同：advertise sth＝为卖出某物而打广告；advertise for sth＝为寻找某物而打广告。

如：advertise for a job=登广告求职由于受汉语“为”的影响，而此处误加了介词 for类似地，汉语中的“为人民服务”，说成英语是 serve the people，而不是 serve for the people，“为某人的死报仇”，说成英语是 avenge sb’s death，而不是 avenge for sb’s death，等等用法3：(表用途)用于，用来如：Knives are used for cutting things. 小刀是用来切东西的This knife is for cutting bread. 这把小刀是用于切面包的It’s a machine for slicing bread. 这是切面包的机器The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold. 医生给了她一些感冒药用法4：为得到，为拿到，为取得如：He went home for his book. 他回家拿书He went to his friend for advice. 他去向朋友请教She often asked her parents for money. 她经常向父母要钱。

We all hope for success. 我们都盼望成功Are you coming in for some tea? 你要不要进来喝点茶？用法5：给(某人)，供(某人)用如：That’s for you. 这是给你的Here is a letter for you. 这是你的信Have you room for me there? 你那边能给我腾出点地方吗？用法6：(表原因、理由)因为，由于如：I am sorry for it. 对不起Thank you for coming to see me. 谢谢你来看我I couldn’t speak for laughing. 我笑得说不出话来He couldn’t sleep for joy. 他高兴得不能入睡用法说明】有些表原因的特殊结构不宜用介词 for 来引出，而用其他介词如：他由于努力工作而加了工资误：For the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise. 正：As a [the] result of his hard work, he got a pay rise.注：as a [the] result of 是习语，意为“由于……的结果”。

因为母亲不在家，她只好自己做饭误：For Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal herself.正：With Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal herself.注：“with+宾语+宾语补足语”可用来表示原因，此时的 with 不能换成 for类似地，下例中的 with 也不能换成 for：With all this work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out. 有这么多工作要做，我不知是否有时间出去我们祝贺你的成功误：We congratulate you for your success. 正：We congratulate you on your success.注：congratulate 后习惯上接介词 on 表示原因用法7：(表目标、去向)去如：Is this bus for Chicago? 这辆公共汽车开往芝加哥吗？They’ll leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们动身去北京。

They set off for the shops. 他们买东西去了Is this the train for Shanghai? 这是开往上海的火车吗？Passengers for Tianjing must change at Beijing. 去天津的旅客必须在北京换车用法说明】比较 for 与 to，两者均可表示目的地，注意以下区别：for 通常与 leave, start, set out, set off, head, steer, depart, be bound, be destined 等动词连用，而 to 则通常与 come, drive, fly, get, go, lead, march, move, return, ride, run, travel, walk 等动词连用如：We departed for London at 10 am. 我们上午10点动身去伦敦Then we drove to the station. 然后我们就开车去了车站有时，同一个动词(如 sail)两者均可连用，但含义稍有差别：用 for 通常只表示向着某目的地那个方向，并不强调到达的意思；而 to 含有到达某目的地的意思。

如：They sailed for Shanghai. 他们开船驶往广州They sailed to Shanghai. 他们开船驶至广州若与名词连用，也有类似区别如：There will be a train for Wuhan. 有开往武汉的火车仅表示向武汉方向，但在武汉未必是停靠站)There will be a train to Wuhan. 有开往武汉的火车开往武汉方向，且在武汉停靠)(R56)顺便说一句，也有的辞书持几乎相反的观点，认为 for 与 to 表示目的地时，for 表示的是预定目的地，而to 表示的是假设将会到达的目的地用法8：(表时间、距离、数量等)达，计如：I’m going away for a few days. 我要走开几天I’ve been here for ten years. 我来这儿有10年了He walked for ten miles. 他走了10英里路The shop sent me a bill for $50. 商店给我送来了一张50美元的账单用法说明】for 用于表示时间或距离的长度(尤其是紧跟在动词之后)时，有时可省略如：The meeting lasted (for) three days. 会议持续了3天。

They walked (for) fifty miles. 他们走了50英里但是当 for 短语位于句首或在否定句中时, for 通常不宜省去如：For ten years he lived here. 他在这里住过10年We have not heard from him for a long time. 我们很久没收到他的来信了用法9：对，对于如：Eggs are good for you. 鸡蛋对你有好处Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看书对你的眼睛不好Fortunately for me, the train was also late. 我很走运，火车也晚点了用法说明】关于 for 与 to 表示“对……来说”时的区别，参见 to用法10：(表适合)适于，适合如：Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗？He is the very person for the work. 他是最适合做这工作的人It’s a good place for a camp. 那是个露营的好地方。

She bought some clothes for winter. 她买了些冬天穿的衣服用法11：(表交换)换，以……作交换如：He gave her some magazines for her dictionary. 他用几本杂志换她的字典She bought the skirt for $50. 她花了50美元买这条裙子I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents. 我花了七角钱买了一磅苹果Don’t translate word for word. 不要逐字硬译用法12：作为，当作如：Don’t take him for a fool. 别把他当傻瓜He mistook a rope for a snake. 他把一条绳子误认为是蛇He knew that for a fact. 他知道那是事实。