介词的种类.docx

介词的种类英语中最常用的介词，按照不同的分类标准可分为以下几类：(1) .简单介词、复合介词和短语介词① 简单介词是指单一介词如：at , in ,of ,by , about , for, from , except , since, near, with 等② 复合介词是指由两个简单介词组成的介词如：Inside, outside , onto, into , throughout, without , as to as for , unpon, except for 等③ 短语介词是指由短语构成的介词如：In front of , by means o f, on behalf of, in spite of , by way of , in favor of , in regard to 等2) .按词义分类{1}表地点(包括动向)的介词如：About ,above, across, after, along , among, around , at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between , beyond ,by, down, from, in, into , near, off, on, over, through, throught, to, towards,, under, up, unpon, with, within , without 等。

{2}表时间的介词如：About, after, around , as , at, before , behind , between , by, during, for, from, in, into, of, on, over, past, since, through, throughout, till(until) , to, towards , within 等{3}表除去的介词如：beside , but, except 等{4}表比较的介词如：As, like, above, over 等{5}表反对的介词如：againt ,with 等{6}表原因、目的的介词如：for, with, from 等{7}表结果的介词如：to, with , without 等{8}表手段、方式的介词如：by, in ,with 等{9}表所属的介词如：of , with 等{10}表条件的介词如：on, without , considering 等{11}表让步的介词如：despite, in spite notwithstanding 等{12}表关于的介词如：About, concerning, regarding ,with regard to, as for , as to{13}表对于的介词。

如：to, for over , at , with 等{14}表根据的介词如：on, according to 等{15}表其他的介词如：for(赞成)，without (没有)等2. 介词短语(1) .介词短语的构成介词之后出现的名词、代词或其他相当于名词的结构、短语或从句叫介词宾语介词 短语是指介词和介词宾语构成的短语介词短语的构成主要有下面的形式：{1}介词+名词如：The headmaster lives near the school校长住在学校附近{2}介词+名词性从句如：I am curious as to what she will say.我很想知道她想说什么{3}介词+代词如：What do you know about him ?关于他，你都知道些什么？{4}介词+动名词短语或其复合结构如：He is interested in swimming.他对游泳感兴趣The painter is keen on collecting coins那位画家喜欢收集硬币There are no risk of you being late你不会迟到的{5}介词+连接词或连接副词引导的从句或不定式。

如：Your success will largely depend upon how you do it.你成功与否将主要取决于你怎样做The teacher gave us a talk on how to study English .老师给我们做了一个如何学英语的讲座{6}介词+数词如：Six from twelve is six12减6等于6{7}介词+形容词如：We know her of old我们老早就认识了她{8}介词+副词如：They worked all day and had a hurried luch in between .他们工作了一整天，中间匆匆吃了一顿饭2) .介词短语的作用介词短语在句中可作多种句子成分：{1}作主语如：From the library to the teaching building is a 5 minutes' walk.从图书馆到教学楼要走五分钟{2}作表语如：Are you for the plan?你赞成这个计划吗？I was at my grandma's yesterday.我昨天在我奶奶家{3}作宾语如：He gave me until tomorrow. 他给我的期限是到明天。

The dog came out from behind the tree..狗从树后出来behind the tree作介词from的宾语）{4}作定语如：She is a woman of strong character.她是位性格坚强的女人The expert will give us a lecture on how to improve soil.这个专家将给我们作一个如何改良土壤的讲座{5}作补语如：He woke up and found himself in hospital他醒来发现自己在医院里in hospital作宾补）As a doctor ,he is always patient with the patients作为一个医生，他一贯对患者很耐心As a doctor作主补）{6}作状语如：I wil be free on Tuesday morning.星期二上午我有空时间状语）We'll meet at the station .我们将在火车站碰面地点状语）She covered her face with her hands and cried她用双手捂着脸哭。

方式状语）He left home and worked in a big city for the sake o f money .他为了赚钱，离家到一个大城市工作目的状语）The tree died from want of water .这棵树因缺水而死原因状语）In spite of all his effort ,he failed尽管他很努力，但还是失败了让步状语）No living thing can live without water.生物离开水都无法生存条件状语）With the words, he came into the room 他说着话就进来了伴随状语）To a great extent, it is not fair .在很大程度上，这是不公平的程度状语）In general her works have been good, but this one is dreaful.总的来说，她的作品很不错，不过这篇很糟 in general作评注性状语）It doesn't seem ugly to me , on the contrary, I think it's very beautiful.我觉得它不丑，恰恰相反，我觉得它很美。

on the cntrary作连接性状语）介词与其他词类的固定搭配介词常常和形容词、名词、动词等构成固定搭配，即某些词的后面常要求特定的介词以表示固定的意义1）.形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词与介词的固定搭配{1}形容词+aboutAngry with 对 生气 anxous about 担心 calm about 对 很平静{5}形容词+inabsorbed in 专心于expert in 在 熟练rich in富于；盛产disappointed in 对 失望 experienced in 有经验fortunate in 有幸 interested in 对 感兴趣successful in 在 成功fond of喜爱guilty of有罪的 proud of骄傲short of 缺乏sick of厌烦tired of 厌倦 worthy of 值得{7}形容词+tocontrary to 与……相反determined to 有决心的 equal to 等于familiar to 为….…所熟悉favourabel to 对 有禾Uharmful to有害的inclined to准备做某事indifferent to 对 不在乎similar to相似；相同{8}形容词+withangry with 对……感到恼火 annoyed at对 烦恼busy with 忙于ashamed of 羞耻 aware of 矢廿道 certain of 确信crowded with 拥挤 familiar with 精通；熟悉 friendly with 与 友好care bout 小心careless about 粗心'certain about 对 有把握curious about 对 好奇 sure about 确信 doubtful about 对 怀疑enthusiastic about对 热情的；热心的 hopeful about对 抱希望frank about对 坦白的；坦率的 incredulous about对 不相信{2}形容词+atclever at擅长于 expert at对 熟练的 good at擅长于 indignant at对 愤慨的 quick at做 敏捷 slow at对 反应慢surprised at 对 吃惊{3}形容词+for anxious for 渴望的 fit for对某人适宜 possible for 可能 responsible for 对..{4}形容词+fromabsent from 缺席 free from 使 摆脱safe from 安全 detached from 分开某物eligible for有资格的hungry for 对 渴望qualified for有资格的负责 necessary for 为famous for因 而著名late for迟至卩ready for准备好 ..…所必需prohibited from禁止某事物 diffe。