
外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(共11页).doc
11页精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上 外研版|七年级下册重点语法知识点1. 词类:物主代词、情态动词can和方位介词短语2. 时态:一般将来时态和一般过去时态3. 句型:特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和选择疑问句知识点梳理词类1) 物主代词:表示所属关系的代词(…属于谁的)人称单 数复 数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词形容性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hishistheirTheirsherhersitsits形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系: 形容词性物主代词:必须和名词在一起My father, your teacher... 物主代词 名词性物主代词:相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词 This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt. 练习 (1)选择题 ( )1. Look at . A. him B. he C. his( )2. I drive to the park every day.A. they B. their C. them( )3. classroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our( )4. I love . A. she B. her C. hers( )5. Do you know ? A. I B. my C. me( )6. I am son. A. they B. their C. them( )7. This is not _____ desk.. My desk is over there.A. I B. my C. me( )8. -Can you spell _____ name, Harry? -Sorry.A. you B. your C. yours( )9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _____ room.A. they B. them C. their( )10. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice.A. our B. my C. ours( )11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. I’m _____ student.A. he B. his C. him( )12. That’s a cat. _____ name is Mimi.A. It B. It’s C. Its(2)用括号里的代词的适当形式填空1, Mr Yang is _______(we) teacher.________(him) is from Beijing. _______(his) teaches______(our) English.2, Look,there is a cat._______(they) is Lily's.____(it) name is Mimi.3, Let______(I) tell ______(she) about_____(he) life at school.4, This is ______(they) room.Where is _____(our)?5, Don't use the eraser.______ is ______(me).6, The lady under the tree is ______(me) aunt._____(her) often sings with _____(she) husband2) 情态动词can 1.含义:表达人或物的能力,能或会…2.特点:情态动词can没有人称和数的变化,之后要加动词原形。
3.否定形式:cannot(正式用法)=can’t(口语)4.句型结构: 肯定句: 主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其他 + She / They can swim well.否定句: 主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 + She / They can not swim well.一般疑问句: 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ? Can she / they swim well? Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they can’t.特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ? Why can she / they swim well? Who can swim well?练习:( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you stay away from the building.A. must B. can’t C. shouldn't( ) 2) How many books you see on the desk? A. may B. can C. should( )3) --- you see the sign over there? --- Sorry, I can’t. A. Can B. Can’t C. Should4. I can run fast. I ________ ________ fast. (否定句)5. He can play basketball well. (一般疑问句) _______ he ______ basketball well?3) 介词 overbehind/at the back of 在...后面 正上方 on on the right of... 在右边on the left of... 在左边 next to/near 在……附近,紧挨着 in the front of 在……里面的前面 under ...在...正下方in front of...在...前面 between ...and ...在两者之间 Lingling sits between Tony and Daming. 玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间among 在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Li is among lots of students. 李老师在许多同学之间注意:介词短语常和be动词连用。
时态1) 一般将来时时间状语:in+一段时间;tomorrow;in the future; next+时间;this+时间(表示将来时间的状语)﹙Ⅰ﹚ be(is,am.are) going to 的用法含义:计划,打算做某事将来时句型结构:一般将来时 be going to+动词原形 肯定句结构:主语+be going to +动词原形+其他.否定句结构:主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他.一般疑问句:be动词提前 Be +主语+going to +动词原形+其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语+be.否定回答:No,主语+be not.注意:①表示计划到某地去,谓语动词go与going重复,一般只说be going to +地点.②come/go/arrive/leave等表示位置转移的动词可用于现在进行表将来Eg: I am going to London next year. She is going to check her email.Look! The bus is coming.﹙Ⅱ﹚由shall和will引导的一般将来时含义:将会…特点:助动词shall和will没有人称和数的变化,之后要加动词原形。
shall在一般将来时中,一般用于第一人称之后例如:I/We shall have an English lesson.我们将有一节英语课否定形式:shall not=shan′t will not=won′t将来时句型结构:肯定句:主语+shall/will+do否定句:主语+shall/will+not+do(will not 可缩写成won’t)一般疑问句:shall/will+主语+ do特殊疑问句:疑问词+ shall/will+主语+do2) 一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作2. 标志性时间状语:yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用3. 动词结构:V-ed动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:专心---专注---专业lose(丢失) ----lost make(制造) ----made mean(意思) ----m。
