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化学常用英文缩写词.pdf

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    • 14 化学常用缩写词(化学常用缩写词(Abbreviation)) A a = active;activity 活性;活度 a = atto- 渺;阿(托) ;微微微[10-18) A = absorbance 吸光度 A = ampere 安培(电) AA = aminoacid analyzer 氨基酸分析器 AA = atomic absorption 原子吸收(法) AAD = atomic absorption detector 原子吸收检测器 AAS = atomic absorption spectrometry 原子吸收光谱法 A.A.S.= alkyl aryl sulphonate 磺酸烷基芳基酯 ABCD = automatic basellne drift correction 自动基线漂移校正 abnml = abnormal 反常的;异常的 abr.= abridged;abridg(e)ment 节略的;摘要 ahs.= absolute 绝对的 ahs.= absorption 吸收 ahs.E = absolute error 绝对误差 ABS = acrylonitrile-butadlene-styrene ABS 树脂;丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物 ABS = alkylbenzene sulfonate 烷基苯磺酸盐 abs.visc = absolute viscosity 绝对粘度 ac.= acid 酸 ac.= active;activity 活性;活度 ac.a. ;AC.A.= acetic acid 乙酸 a.c. ;A.C.= alternating current 交流(电) A.Ch.S.= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会 ACI = allowable concentration Index 容许浓度指数 acid.= acidification;acidified;acidify 酸化;酸化丁的 ACS;A.C.S.= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会 act.= active ;activity 活性;活度 act.std = actual standard 现行标准 activ.= activated 活性的 AD = automatic detection 自动检测 ADC = ascending-descending chromatographv 升降色谱(法) addl;addnl = additional 附加的 addn-(l) = addition(al)加入;加合;加成;附加的 ADI = acceptable daily intake 日容许摄入量 adj.= adjustment 校准;调节 ADP = adenosine diphosphate 腺苷二磷酸 ADP = ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵 ADP = automatic data processing 自动数据处理 AE cellulose = aminoethyl cellulose 氨乙基纤维素 AER = anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂 AES = atomic emission spectrometry 原子发射光谱法 AES-LEED = Auger electronic spectroscopy-low energy electron diffraction method 俄歇电子能谱低能电子衍射法 AFC = automatic frequency control 自动频率控制 AFD = alkali flame detector 碱火焰检测器 AFID = alkali flame ionization detector 碱火焰电离检测器 AFS = atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱法 AFT = automatic fine tuning 自动微调 AGC = adsorption gas chromatography 吸附气相色谱(法) A.1.C.= American Institute of Chemists 美国化学师学会 A.1.Ch.E.= American Institute of Chemical Engineers 美国化学工程师学会 AID = argon ionization detector 氩电离检测器 alc.= alcohol; alcoholic 醇;酒精;酒精的 ALC = analyticl liquld chromatograph 分析(用)液相色谱仪 ALC ;ale = ethyl alcohol 乙醇;酒精 ald = aldehyde 乙醛 alk = alkali;alkaline 碱;碱性 alk = alkyl 烷基 alky = alkalinity 碱性 AMFID = alkali metal flame ionization detector 碱金属火焰电离检测器 ammon.= ammoniacal 氨的 amor.= amorphous 无定形 amp;amps = ampere(s) 安培 Amp.= amplifier 放大器 AMP = adenosione monophosphate;adenylic acid 腺苷一磷酸;腺苷酸 AMS = accelerator mass-spectrometry 加速器质谱法 Am.Std.= American Standards 美国标准 AMU = atomic mass unit 原子质量单位 anal.= Analogy;analogous 同属;类似;类似的 anal.= analysis; analytical 分析;分析的 Anal.Chem.= analytical chemistry 分析化学 anh;anhyd = anhydride 酐 anh;anhyd = anhydrous 无水的 ANOVA = analysis of variance 方差分析 AP = air pressure 空气压力;气压 AP = all-purpose 通用的 A.P.= American Patent 美国专利 APDC = Ammonium pyrrolidine dlthiocarbamate 吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵 app.= apparatus 装置;设备;仪器 APR = Annual Progress Report 年度进展报告[特种文献〕 Aq.= Water; aqueous 水;含水的 AQL = acceptable quality level 合格标准;正品标准 aq.reg.= aqua regia 王水 aq.sol.= aqueous solution 水溶液 ar.= aromatic 芳族的;芳香的 ar. ;Ar.= aryl(radical)芳基 AR = analrtical reagent 分析试剂 AR = analytical reagent grade 分析试剂纯;分析纯 AR = annual report 年度报告;年报 ARC = automatic range control 自动量程控制 AS = auger spectroscopy 俄歇(电子)能谱法 ASA = American Standards Association 美国标准协会 A.S.C = automatic sensitivity control 自动灵敏度控制 asmt.= assortment 品种;品级;分级 Assn.Assoc(n) = Association 协会;学会 ASTM = American Socity for Testing and Materials 美国材料试验学会 at.= atomic 原子的 at.= atomospheric 大气的 A.T.= ambient temperature 环境温度 atm.= atmosphere (pressure) ; atmospheric 大气(压) ;大气的 at.no. ;At.No.= atomic number 原子序数 ATPR = Annual Technical Progress Report 年度技术进展报告 A.T.U.= absorptiometric turbidity unit 吸收比色浊度单位 at.wt.= atomic weight 原子量 A.U.= absorbance unit 吸光度单位 Aufs.= absorbance unit full scale 满刻度吸光度单位 AV = acid value 酸值;酸价 ave. ;avg.= average 平均 B BaP = benzo[α]pyrene 苯并[α]芘 bcgd;bkgd.= background 本底 BDDA = N-benzyldidodecylamine N-苄基双十二烷基胺 BDHA = N-benzyldihexylamine N-苄基二己基胺 BDHP = butyldihexylphosphinate 二己基次磷酸丁酯 BDMDC = bismuth dimethylthiocarbamate 二甲基硫代氨基甲酸铋 BDNA = benzyldnonylamine 苄基二壬基胺 BDOA = benzyldioctylamine 苄基二壬基胺 BDOPO = benzyldioctylphosphine oxide N-苄基二辛基氧膦 BEHA = benzylethylhexylamine N-苄基-2-乙基已基胺 Belg.Pat.= Belgium Patent 比利时专利 Bep = benzo[e]pyrene 苯并[e]芘 BESA = British Engineering Standards Association 英国工程标准协会 Bipy = 2,2’-bipyridyl 2,2’-联吡啶 BL;bl.= base line 基线 BMA = polybutylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯 BOD = biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量 BOP = butyl octyl phthalate 邻苯-甲酸丁基辛酯 bp;b.p. ;B.P.= boiling point 沸点 BPC = bonded-phase chromatography (化学)键合(固定)相色谱法 BPC = British pharmacopoeia codex 英国副药典 B.Ph = British Pharmacopoeia 英国药典 Bq = becquerel 贝克勒尔[放射性活度单位,等于 1s-1 1Bq=27.027pCi] br.= brand 商标:牌号 B.R. ; b.r.= boiling range 沸程 Brit. Pat.= British Patent 英国专利 Br-PADAP = 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol 2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)5-二乙氨基苯酚 B.S.= British Standards 英国标准 bu.alc.= butyl alcohol 丁醇 bu. ;BU = butyl 丁基 bus.= bushel 蒲式耳[英制谷物容量单位,英=36.368L,美=35.238L] b.v.= by volume(%)按体积(%) b.w.= by weight(%)按重量(%) Bz = benzyl 苄基 C CA = cellulose acetate 乙酸纤维素 CA = Chemical Abstract 化学文摘 cal.= calorie ;gram-calorie 卡 calc.= Calculate(d) 计算(的) cal.val.= Calorific value 发热量;发热值 CAMD = computer aided moleculardesign 计算机辅助分子设计 Can.Pat.= Canadian Patent 加拿大专利 cap.= capacity 容量;能力 cap.= capillary 毛细管;毛细的 cat.= catalyst ; catalytic; catalyzed 催化剂;催化的 cat.= catalog(ue) 目录;条目;总目 CBPC = chemical honded phase chromatography 化学键合(固定)相色谱(法) CC = continuous current 直流(电) CCIX = continuous countercurrent ionexchange 连续逆流离子交换 CCM = column chromatographic methd 柱色谱法 CCS = Chinese Chemical Society 中国化学会 CD = circular dichroism 圆二色性 CD = coulometric detector 库仑检测器 CDA = N-cyclohexyldodecylamine N-环己基十二烷基胺 CDC = column development chromatography 柱展开色谱(法) CDTA = cyclohexane-diamine-tetraacetic acid 环己烷二胺四乙酸 CEHA= N-cyclohexyl-2-ethylhexy-lamine N-环己基-2-乙基己基胺 CER = cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂 CETTA = N-(β-carboxyethyl)diethylene triaminetetraacetic acid N(β-羧乙基)二亚乙基三胺四乙酸 c./f.= carried forwad 转入下页 cf.= confer 比较;参看 CF = concentration factor 浓集因数 CFM = polychlorotrifluoroethylene 聚氯三氟乙烯 cfs = cubic feet per second 英尺3/秒 CG = chromatographic grade ①色谱级(的)②;色谱用(的) [如某些离子交换树脂商名后附 CG 字样,为色谱专用的] CGC = capillary gas chromatography 毛细管气相色谱(法) CGS = centimetre-gram-second 厘米.克.秒(单位)制 CHA = cyclohexylamine acetate 乙酸环己胺 oh.E.= chemical engineering 化学工程 Chem.= chemisty;chemical 化学;化学的 C.H.U.= caloric heat unit 卡热单位 Ci = curie 居里[放射性强度单位] CI = chemical ionization 化学电离 CI = clearing index 净化指数 CI = concentration Index 浓度指数 CI = contamination index 污染指数 CID = catalytic ionization detector 催化电离检测器 CID = cheml-ionization detector 化学电离检测器 cit.= citation 引证;引证文 cit.= cited 引用的;引证的 Cit = citrate 柠檬酸盐 Clin = clinical(ly) 临床的 CMC = carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素 CMC = critical micelle concentration 临界胶束浓度 CMDMS = chloromethyl -dimethylsilane 氯甲基二甲基硅烷 CMR = carbon magnetic resonance 碳核磁共振 13 CMR = carbon-13 magnetic resonance 碳-13(核)磁共振 CN = cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素 CNAA = continuous neutron activation analysis 连续中子活化分析 CoA = coenzyme A 辅酶 A COA = N-cyclohexyloctylamine N-环已基辛基胺 COC = chemical oxygen consumption 化学耗氧量 COD = chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量 col.= column 柱 coll.= colloidal 胶体的 Coll.Ch.= colloid chemistry 胶体化学 Co.Ltd.= company limited 有限公司 comb.= combine 混合;结合;化合 comp.= composition 组成;成分 comp = compound ①胶料;②化合物 conc.= conentrate; concentrated;concentration 浓缩;浓缩丁的;浓缩作用;浓度 concn.= concentration = 浓度;浓缩 cond.= co ndition 条件;情况 cond.= conductivity 传导性;传导率 cont.= content 含量 cont. (s)= contain(s) 含有;包含 conv. (n)= conversion 转化;转变;换算 co-op = co-operation 合作;协作 cor.= corrected 校正的 Corp.= corporation 公司;社团法人 c.p. ;CP = chemically pure 化学纯 CPAA = charged particle activation analysis 带电粒子活化分析 CPC = cetyl pyridinium chloride 氯化十六烷基吡啶 CPE = chlorinated polyethylene 氯化聚乙烯 cpm,c/m = counts per minute 每分钟计数 CPU = central processing unit 中央处理机 CPVC = chlorinated polyvinyl chloride 氯化聚氯乙烯 cr.= crystalline 结晶的 c.r. ;C.R.= cathode ray 阴极射线 crit.= Critical 临界的 CRT = cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管 Cry.= crystalline 结晶的 crystn.= crystallization 结晶 CT = computerized tomography 计算机化断层显像 CTAB = cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide 溴化十六烷基三甲基铵 CTAC = cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride 氯化十六烷基三甲基铵 C TC;C.T.C.= carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳 CTR = controlled thermonuclear reactor 受控热核反应堆;聚变堆 C.T.U.= centigrade thermal unit 百分度热单位 cur.= current 流;流行的;现在的 C.V.= calorific value 卡值 CVD = chemical vapor deposition 化学蒸气淀积;化学汽相淀积 CyDTA = cyclohexane diaminetetraacetic acid 环己二胺四乙酸 D d;D = density 密度 d- = dextro- 右旋的 d;D = diameter 直径 da = deca- 十[101] DAM ;DADPM = diamino-diphenyl-methane 二氨基二苯甲烷 DAMD = dimethylaminomethyl dimethyl dithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲胺甲酯 Dan.Pat.= Danish Patent 丹麦专利 DAP = di-alkyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯 DAPT = diamlnopropane-tetraacetic acid 丙二胺四乙酸 dat.= Datum [单]数据;资料 DBA = dibenzylamine 二苄基胺 DBA = dibutylamine 二丁胺 DBAE = dibutylamino-ethanol 丁基氨基乙醇 DBAO = dibutylammonium oleate 油酸二丁基铵 DBBP = dibutyl butylphosphonate 丁基磷酸二丁酯 DBC = dibutylcarbitol 二丁基卡必醇 DBC = dibutylcellosolve 二丁基溶纤剂 DBDA = N,N-dibenzyldodecylamine 二苄基十二烷基胺 dB/db = decibel 分贝[声强度单位] DBHA = dibenzylhexylamine 二苄基己基胺 dbl.= double 双的;双重的 DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphate 磷酸二丁基一甲基酯 DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphonate 甲基磷酸二丁酯 DBOA = dibenzyloctylamine 二苄基辛胺 DBP = dibutylphosphate 磷酸二丁酯 DBP = dibutyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 DBPP = dibutyl phenyl phosphonate 苯基磷酸二丁酯 DBS = dodecyl benzene sulfonate 十二烷基苯磺酸盐 d.c.= dispersing coefficient 分散系数 d.c. ;D.C.= direct current 直流(电) DC = diffusion constant 扩散常数 DCB = 3,3’-dichlorobenzidine 3,3’-二氯联苯胺 DCS = data collection srstem 数据收集系统 DCTA = 1,2-diaminocyclohexane tetraacetic acid 环已二胺四乙酸 DDB = dodecyl benzene 十二烷基苯 DDC;DDCN = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙铵 DDD = dimethylammonium dimehyldithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲铵 DDDC = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙基铵 DDP = di-decyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二癸酯 DDPA = dodecyl phosphoric acid 十二烷基磷酸;磷酸单十二烷基酯 DDT = dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane 滴滴涕;双对氯苯基三氯乙烷 DDTC = diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐 DDVP = O,O-dimethyl-2,2-dichlorovinyl-phosphate 敌敌畏。

      DEA-cellulose = diethl amino celluose 二乙氨基纤维素 DEA = diethanolamine 二乙醇胺 DEAD = diethyl ammonium dithiocarbomate 二硫代氨基甲酸二乙铵 DEAE-cellulose = diethyl aminoethyl cellulose 二乙氨乙基纤维素 DEAE = diethylaminoethanol 二乙基氨基乙醇 DEAE = diethylamino ethyl 二乙氨乙基 DEAPA = diethylaminopropylamine 二乙氨基丙胺 DEB = diethylbenzene 二乙苯 dec. ;decomp.= decompose(s)i decomposition 分解 DEC = dynamic exchange capacity 动态(离子)交换容量 decon.= Decontamination 去污(作用) ;净化(作用) DEEP = di-2-ethylhexy-2-ethylhexylphosphonate 2-乙基已基磷酸二(2-乙基已基)酯 DEETA = 2,2’-diaminodiethylether-ie-traacedc add 二乙醚二胺四乙酸 D2EHA = di-2-ethylhexyl amine 二-2-乙基己基胺 DEHP;D2EHPA;HDEHP = di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid 二(2-乙基己基)磷酸 delt.= deletion 删去;删去部分 den.= density 密度 dep.= deposit 沉积;沉积物 DEP = di-ethyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯 depolym.= depolymerize(s) 解聚 DeR = degradation reaction 降解反应 deriv.= derivative;derived 衍生物;衍生的 Det. (或 det. ) = detection 检测 Det.= detector 检测器 DETA = diethylene triamine 二亚乙基三胺 detn.= determination 测定 DETU = diethyl thiourea 二乙基硫脲 df;DF = degree of freedom 自由度 DF/d.f.= decontamination factor 除污系数;净化系数 DFPD = dual flame photometric detector 双火焰光度检测器 dft = draft 通风;气流 DHHP = diheptylheptylphosphonate 庚基膦酸二庚酯 DHHP = dihexylhexylphosphonate 己基膦酸二己酯 DHP = dihexylphosphoric acid 二己基磷酸;磷酸二己酯 DHP = diheptyl phthalate 邻苯-甲酸二庚酯 DHP = di-bexyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二己酯 dia. ;diam.= diameter 直径 diag.= diagram 图;图表 DIBP = di-iso-butyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯 dif. ;diff.= different;difference 不同的;差别;差额 dig.= digestion ①消化(作用) ;②煮解(作用) ;蒸煮(作用) dil.= dilute ①稀的;稀释的;②稀释 DIN = Deutsche Industrie-norm(ung) 德国工业标准 DINA albanilte = 二硝基乙氧二硝基胺 DINA = diisononylamine 二异壬胺 Di-OP;DIOP = di-iso-octyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯 dis.= dissolve 溶解 dissoc.= dissociation 离解 dist.= distill 蒸馏 Div. ;Divn.= division 区分 dl.= decilter 分升 DIA = dilaurylamine 二月桂胺 DLF = dilaurylformamide 二月桂基甲酰胺 din = decimeter 分米 DMA = dimethylacetylamide 二甲基乙酰胺 DMA = dimethylamine 二甲胺 DMAC = N,N’-dimethyl acetamide N’N’-二甲基乙酰胺 DMAE = dimethylaminoethanol 二甲基氨基乙醇 DMDCA = dimethyl dithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸盐 DME = dropping mercury electrode 滴汞电极 DMF = dimethyl formamide 二甲基甲酰胺[PVC 溶剂] DMG = dimethylglyoxime 丁二酮肟;二甲基乙二肟 DMMP = dimethyl methyl phosphonate 甲基磷酸二甲酯 DMP = di-methyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二甲酯 DMS = dimethyt sulfide 二甲硫;甲硫醚 DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide 二甲基亚砜 DMT = dimethyl terephthalate 对苯二甲酸二甲酯 DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸 DNA = dinonyl adipate 己二酸二壬酯 DNP = dinonyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二壬酯 DNP = dinitrophenol 二硝基苯酚 DNT = dinitrotoluene 二硝基甲苯 DO/IT = digital output-input translator 数字输出-输入(信号)转换 DOM = dioctyl maleate 马来酸二辛酯 DOP;HDOP = dioctylphosphoric acid 二辛基磷酸;磷酸二辛酯 D.P. ;d.p.= difference of potential 电势差 D.P.= degree of polymerization 聚合度 D-P = dimeric polymer 二聚物 DPA = dipicrylamine 二苦胺;六硝基二苯胺 DPASV = differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry 微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法 DPC = 1,5-diphenyl carbazone 1,5 二苯基卡巴腙 DPG = diphenyl guanidine 二苯胍 DPM = diphenylmethane 二苯甲烷 DPTA = 2-hydroxy-l,3-diaminopropane tetraacetic acid 2-羟基丙二胺四乙酸 DSC = differential scanning calorimetry 差示扫描量热计 DTA = differential thermal analysis 差热分析 DTC = dithiocarbamate 二硫代氨基甲酸盐 D TPA = diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid 二亚乙基三胺五乙酸 DTPD = di-tolyl-p-phenylediamine 二甲苯基对苯二胺 DVB = divinyl benzene 二乙烯苯 dyn.= dyne 达因[物理单位] E EAE = ethylaminoethanol 乙氨基乙醇 EBT = Eriochrome Black T 铬黑 T EC = electron capture (轨道)电子俘获 ECD = electrical conductivity detector 电导检测器 ECD = electron capture detector 电子捕获检测器 EC-GC = electron capture gas chromatog raphy 电子俘获气相色谱(法) ECM = electrochromatography 电色谱(法) ED = effective dose 有效剂量 ED = electrodialysis 电渗析 ED = electron dlffraction 电子衍射 EDD = electron drift detector 电子漂移检测器 EDDA = ethylenediamine-N,N’-diacetic acid 乙二胺-N,N’-二乙酸 EDP = electronic data processing 电子数据处理 EDT = ethylenediamine tartrate 酒石酸乙二胺;乙二胺酒石酸盐 EDTA = editic acid;ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸 EDTP = ethylenediamine tetrapropionic acid 乙二胺四乙酸 EDTPA = ethylenediamine tetramethyphlosphinic acid 乙二胺四甲基次磷酸 EDXRF = energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence 能量色散 X 射线荧光(分析) E.E.= ethyl ether 乙醚 eff.= efficiency 效率 e.g.= exampll gratia[拉](for example) 例如 EG = ethylene glycol 乙二醇 EGA = ethylene glycol adipate 己二酸乙二醇酯 EGA = ethylene glycol adipate polyester 聚己二酸乙二醇酯 EEC = equilibrium exchange capacity 平衡交换容量 EGTA = ethylene glycol bis(β-amino-ethylether)tetraacetic acid 乙二醇二(β-氨基乙醚)四乙酸 EHMO = exteded Huckel molecular orbital method 推广的休克尔分子轨道法 ELDOR = electron double resonance 电子双共振 ELS = Electron energy loss spectroscopy 电子能量损耗能谱(法) e.m. ;E.M.= electromagnetic 电磁的 Em = emulsifier 乳化剂 Em.= emission ①排放;②发射 E.M.= electron microscope 电子显微镜 EMA = polyethylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯 EMD = electron mobility detector 电子迁移检测器 E.M.F. ;e.m.f.= electromotive force 电动势 EMMA = electron microscope-microanalyser 电子显微微量分析器 e.m.u.= electromagnetic unit 电磁单位 emul.= emulsion ①乳胶;乳浊液②乳剂 Emul.= emulsifier 乳化剂 EMV = electromagnetic value 电磁值 eu = ethylenediamine 乙二胺 ENAA = epithermal neutron activation analysis 超热中子活化分析 ENDOR = electron nuclear double resonance 电子核磁双共振;顺磁核磁双共振 engng.= engineering 工程 engr.= engineer 工程师 EO = ethylene oxide 环氧乙烷 EOA = ethylene oxide additive 环氧乙烷加成物 e.p.= end point 终点 EPMA = electron probe microanalyser 电子探针微量分析器 EPR;e.p.r.= electron paramagnetic resonance 电子顺磁共振 eq.= equal 相等;相同 eq.= equation 平衡;方程式 eqpt.= equipment 设备 EROS = eartn resources observation satellite 地球资源观察卫星 ERTS = eartn resources technology satellite 地球资源技术卫星 ES = electron spectroscopy 电子能谱(学) ESCA = electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis 化学分析用电子能谱法 ESD = effective standard deviation 有效标准偏差 Ess. ;espec.= especially 特别;尤其 ESP = electrostatic potential 静电势 ESR = electron-spin resonance 电子自旋共振[即顺磁共振〕 est. ;et.= estimate ①计;②预算;③测定 e.s.u.= electrostatic unit 静电单位 Et.OH = ethyl alcohol 乙醇 EU = entropy unit 熵单位 eV = ectron volt 电子伏(特)[=l.602×10-19焦耳〕 evap.= evaporate 蒸发 ex. ;expt.= example(s) 例(子) exam.= examination 检验;检查 exch.= exchange 交换 excl.= excluded;exclusive 除外的;除外 EXN = nickel ethylxanthate 乙基磺原酸镍 exp. ;expt.= experiment 实验 expl.= experimental 实验的 expos.= exposure 暴露;接触;辐射 ext.= external 外部的 ext.= extract 抽出物 Ext.Dia.= external diameter 外径 F f = function ①官能;②函数 f;F.= film 薄膜 f;F.= force 力 f.= form ①形状;形式;②形成;产生 f-12 = freon-12 氟利昂一 12(冷冻剂) F;℉ = Fahrenheit degree 华氏温度 F = farad;faraday 法拉;法拉第 FA = fatty acid 脂肪酸 FAA = forensic activation analysis 法医活化分析;公安用活化分析 FAAS = flame atomic absorption spectrometry 火焰原子吸收光谱法 FAB = fast atom bombardment ion source 快速原子轰击离子源 FAES = flame atomic emission spectrometry 火焰原子发射光谱法 FAFS = flame atomic fluorescence spectrometry 火焰原子荧光光谱法 Fahr.= degree Fahrenheit 华氏(温)度 FAR = Food Additive Regulation 食品添加剂规范[美〕 fbr.= fiber 纤维 Fc = ferrocenyl 二茂铁基 fCi = femtocurie 毫微微居里[=10-15 Ci] FD = fatal dose 致死剂量 FD = field desorption 场解吸 FDBK = feeback 反馈 FED = flame emission detector 火焰发射检测器 FES = fied emission spectroscopy 场致发射谱法 FES = fied emission spectroscopy 场致发射谱法 FI = field tom。

      ation 场电离 FFF = field flow fractionation 场流分级法 FIA = flow injection analysis 流动注射分析 FID = flame ionization detector 火焰电离检测器 FIM = field ion microscope 场离子显微镜 FIMS = field ion mass spectroscopy 场离子质谱学 floc.= flocculate; flocculent 絮凝;絮凝块 FLUOR.= fluorescent 荧光 FM = figure of merit 品质因数;优质值 fn.p. ;f.p.= fusion point 熔点 FNAA = fast neutron activation analysis 快中子活化分析 f.p.= freezing point 凝固点 f.p. ;F.P.= flash point 闪点 FPD = flame photometric detector 火焰光度检测器 FPRI = fission products radioisotopes 裂变产物放射性同位素 fr.= frequency 频率 FRP = fiberglass reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维增强塑料 fi.= foot 英尺 FTD = flame temperature detector 火焰温度检测器 FTID = flame thermionic detector 火焰热离子检测器 FT-IR = Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 傅里叶变换-红外光谱 FTMS = Fourier transform mass spectrometer 傅里叶变换-质谱计 FT-NMR = Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance 傅里叶变换-核磁共振 FTNMR = Fourier transform NMR 傅氏转换核磁共振 FTS = Fourier transform spectroscopy 傅氏转换谱 fumg.= fuming 发烟的 fup. ;fu.p.= fusion point 熔点 fus.= fuse(s) ;fusible;fusing 熔化;可熔的;熔化 FW = fresh water 淡水 FWHM = full width at half maximum 半宽度(极大值一半处的全宽度) G GATT = General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税和贸易总协定 GC = gas chromatography 气相色谱(法) GCGC = glass capillary gas chromatography 玻璃毛细管气相色谱(法) GC/IR = gas chromatography-infrared technique 气相色谱-红外技术(联用) GCMS = gas chromatoaraphy-mass spectrometer 气相色谱-质谱仪 GC-MS = gas chromatoaraphy-mass spectrography 气相色谱-质谱(联用)法 GC-MS-COM = gas chromatoaraph-mass spectrometer-computer 气相色谱仪-质谱仪-计算机(系统) GC/NMRS = gas chromatoaraphy-nuclear-magnetic resonance spectrometry 气相色谱-核磁共振波谱(联用) GEC = gradient elution chromatography 梯度洗脱色谱(法) GEDTA = glycoletherdiamino teraacetic acid 乙二醇乙醚二胺四乙酸 GFAAS = graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry 石墨炉原子吸收光谱法 GFC = gel filtration chromatography 凝胶过滤色谱(法) GFRP = glass fiber reinforced plastic 玻璃纤维增强塑料 GL = glycerol 甘油 GLC = gas-liquld chromatography 气液色谱(法) GLC-MS = gas-liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer 气液色谱一质谱联用仪 GLPC = gas-liquid partition chromatography 气液分配色谱(法) GLSC=gas-liquid-solid chromatography 气液固色谱(法) Gly;G = glycine 甘氨酸 glyc.= glycerin 甘油 GMC = Geiger-Muller counter 盖格-米勒计数器 GMT = Greenwich mean time 格林威治标准时 g.p.= gage pressure 表压;计算压力 GP = general purpose 通用的;万能的 GPC = gas partition chromatography 气相分配色谱(法) GPC = gel permeation chromatography 凝胶渗透色谱(法) GR = guarantee reagent 保证试剂 grad.= gradient 梯度 gran.= granular;granulated 粒状;粒状的 GR-M = government rubber-monovinyl-acetylene 氯丁橡胶 GR-P = government rubber-polysulfide 聚硫橡胶 GR-S = government rubber-styrene 丁苯橡胶 GSC = gas solid chromatography 气固色谱(法) g.t. ;G.T.= gross ton 长吨 H h = hour 小时 h;H = height 高度 H = hard ;hardness 硬的;硬度 HD;H.D.= high density 高密度 HDA = heptadecylamine 十七烷胺 HDNS = hardness 硬度 HDPA = heptadecyl phosphoric acid 十七烷基磷酸 HDPE = high density polyethylene 高密度聚乙烯 H.E.= high efficiency 高效(能) HEDTA = hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid 羟乙基乙二胺三乙酸 HEED = high energy electron diffraction 高能电子衍射 HETP = height equivalent to a theoretical pate 理论塔板高 h.f. ;H.F.= hish frequency 高频(率) HHT = higher high-tensile 超强力 HID = helium ionization detector 氦电离检测器 Hi-Ef = high efficiency 高效率 Hi Fi = high fidelity 高保真度;真音;原音 HILAC = heavy ion linear accelerator 重离子直线加速器 Hi-Q = high quality 高质量 HIRS = high resolution infrared radiation sounder 高分辨红外辐射探测器 His;H = histidine 组氨酸 HLB = hydrophile-lypophile balance 亲水亲油平衡 HLD;LD50 = half lethal dose 半数致死量 HLW = high level waste 高放射性废物 HM = heavy metal 重金属 HMD;HMDA = hexamethylene diamine 六亚甲基二胺 RMDE = hanging mercury drop electrode 悬汞滴电极 HMDTA = hexamethylenedinitrilote-traacetic acid 己二胺四乙酸 HMDU = hexamethylene dimethylene urea 六亚甲基二甲基脲 HMO = Huckle molecular orbital method 休克尔分子轨道法;简单分子轨道 HMW = high molecular weight 高分子量 HMWPE = high molecular weight polyethylene 高分子量聚乙烯 h.p. ;H.P.= high pressure 高压(力) H-P = high polymer 高聚物 H.P.A.= high pressure air 高压空气 HPDTA = 2-hydroxypropane-1,3-diaminotetraacetic acid 2-羟基-l,3-丙二胺四乙酸 HPID = helium photoionization detector 氦光电离检测器 HPIX = high pressure ion exchange 高压离子交换 HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography 高效液体色谱 HPLC = high pressure liquld chromatograpy 高压液相色谱(法) HPTIC = high performance thin layer chromatography 高效薄层色谱(法) H.Q.= hydroquinone 氢醌 HREM = high-resolution electron microscopy 高分辨电镜 HRMS = high resolution mass spectrometer 高分辨率质谱仪 H rubber = Hevea rubber 天然橡胶 h.s = high stability 高稳定性 Hs = hardness 硬度 Hs = saturated humidity 饱和湿度 HS;h.s.= high speed 高速 HS = high styrene 高苯乙烯 HSAB = hard soft acid-base 硬软酸碱 HSLC = high-speed liquid chromatography 高速液相色谱(法) h.t. ;HT = heat treatment 热处理 h.t. ;HT = high temperature 高温 h.t. ;HT = high tenacity 高强力 h.t. ;HT = high tension ①高张力;②高压(线) H.T.C.= heat transfer coefficient 传热系数 htd.= heated 加热的 HTD = high temperature decomposition 高温分解 HTGC = high temperature gas chromatography 高温气相色谱(法) HTP = high-temperature polymerization 高温聚合 http = Hyper Text Transfer Protocol WWW 服务程序所用的协议 hv. ;hvy ;hy = heavy 重的 HV = high viscosity 高粘度 HV = hydroxyl value 羟值;羟价 H.V.= high voltage 高(电)压 HVE = high voltage electrophoresis 高压电泳 HVEM = high voltage electronic microscope 高压电子显微镜 HVPE = high voltage paper electrophoresis 高(电)压纸电泳(法) HWR = heavy water reactor 重水堆 HWTCD = hot-wire thermal conductivity detector 热丝热导检测器 hyd.= hydraulic 液压的 hyd.= hydrated;hydrous 水合的;含水的 hyg. ;hygr.= hygroscopic 吸湿的 hys.= hysteresis 滞后现象 Hz = Hertz 赫兹 I i.= inch 英寸 i.= insoluble 不溶(解)的 i.= mobility of ion 离子迁移度 ib. ;ibid.= ibidem 在同处;同上 ICP = Inductively coupled plasma 电感耦合等离子体 ICPAA = Instrumental charged-particle activation analysis 仪器带电粒子活化分析 ICP-AES = Inductlvely coupled plasma atomic emssion spectroscopy 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 ICR = ion cyclotron resonace 离子回旋共振 ID;I.D. ;i.d.= insied diameter 内径 IDA = iminodiacetic acid 亚氨基二乙酸 IDA = isotopic dilution analysis 同位素稀释分析(法) ID-MS = isotopic dilution-mass spectroscopy 同位素稀释-质谱法 IDOD = immediate oxygen demand 直接需氧量 IEC = ion exchange chromatography 离子交换色谱(法) IEC = ion exclusion chromatography 离子排斥色谱(法) IEPC = ion exchange paper chromatography 离子交换纸色谱(法) IER = ion-exchange resin 离子交换树脂 IETLC = ion exchange thin-layer chromatography 离子交换薄层色谱(法) IFNAA = instrumental fast neutron activation anabsis 仪器块中子活化分析 IGC = isothermal gas chromatography 等温气相色谱(法) IGLC = inverse gas liquid chromatography 反相气液色谱(法) IKES = ion kinetic energy spectroscopy 离子动能波谱法 IMMA = ion microprobe mass analyzer 离子探针质量分析器 INAA = instrumental(thermal)neutron activation analysis 仪器(热)中子活化分析 Inc.= inclusive 包括(在内) Indic.= Indicate;indicator;indicated 指出;指示器;指出的 INDOR = internuclear double resonance 核间双共振 inorfil.= inorganic fiber(filament) 无机纤维 inorg.= inorganic 无机的 ins. ;insol = insoluble 不溶(解)的 INS = ion-neutralization spectroscopy 离子中和谱(法) INS = ion neutralizing spectrometer 离子中和谱仪 insoly.= insolubility 不溶性 int.= internal 内部的 int.= international 国际的 inter.= intermediate 中间体;中间产物 intermol.= intermolecular 分子间的 intramol.= intramolecular 分子内的 IOD = immediate oxygen demand 直接需氧量 t.p.= ignition point 着火点 I.P.= induction period 诱导期 IPAA = instrumental photon activation analysis 仪器光子活化分析 IR = information retrieval 资料检索 IR = infrared ①红外(线) ;②红外线的 I.R.= insoluble residue 不溶残留物 IRS = infrared snectroscopy 红外光谱学 IRT = isotopic ratio tracer 同位素比示踪(法) IS = internal standard ①内标法;②内标物 I SA = international standard atmosphere 国际标准大气 ISE = ion selective electrode 离子选择电极 ISFET = ion selective field effect transistor 离子选择场效应晶体管 ISO = International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织 ISOL = on-line isotope separator 同位素分离器 ISS = ion scattering spectroscopy 离子散射能谱(学) IStd = internal standard ①内标法;②内标物 IT = induction time 诱导时间 IT = information technology 信息技术 IT = interfacial tension 界面张力 It.Pat.= Italian Patent 意大利专利 IU = international unit(s) 国际单位 IUB = International Union of biochemistry 国际生物化学联合会 IUPAC = International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 国际纯粹化学与应用化学联合会 i.v. ;I.V.= iodine value 碘值;碘价 IVNAA = in vivo neutron activation analysis 活体中子活化分析;体内中子活化分析 I.W.= insied width 内宽度 IX = ion exchange 离子交换 J Jap.Pat.= Japanese Patent 日本专利 JAS = Japanese Agriculture and Forestry Standard 日本农林标准 JAS = Japanese Agricultural Stadard 日本农业标准 JES = Japanese Engineering Standard 日本工程标准[JIS 的前身〕 JIS = Japanese Industrial Standard 日本工业标准 J(T)U = Jackson(turbidity)unit 杰克逊(浊度)单位 K k = veloclty constant of chemical reaction 化学反应速度常数 K = desree Kelvin(absolute) 开耳芬(绝对)温度 K-b = key-board 键盘 KBX = potassium butyl xanthate 丁基黄原酸钾 keal = kilocalorie 千卡;大卡 kCi = klocurie 千居里[=103Ci] Kcs;Kc/s = kilocycles per second 每秒千周 KDP = potassium dibydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢钾 keV = kiloelectron volt 千电子伏(特)[=1000eV] KF = Karl Fischer(method)卡尔-费歇尔(法) KIM = kinetic isotope method 动态同位素(分析)法 KS = Korean industrial Standard 朝鲜工业标准 Ks.p.= solubility product constant 溶解度积常数 KVA;kv-amp = kilovolt ampere(s) 千伏安 K.V.I.= kinetic viscosity index 运动粘度指数 kwh = kilowatt-hour(s) 千瓦小时;度(电) KWIC = “key-word in context” index 关键词索引 L L = solubility product 溶解度积 L.A.= lauryl amine 月桂基胺 L.A.Ac.= lauryl amine acetate 月桂基乙酰胺 lab. ;Lab.= laboratory 实验室 LAB = linear alkyl ben。

      ne 直链烷基苯 LABS = linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid 直链烷基苯磺酸 LAC = linear absorption coefficient 线性吸收系数 LAMMA = laser microprobe mass analysis 激光探针质谱分析 LAS = linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 直链烷基苯磺酸盐 LASER;Laser = light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation ①激光;②激光器 LAXD = low-angle X-ray diffraction 小角 X 射线衍射 LB = Langmuir-Blodgett(film) L-B 膜 l.c.= loco citato[拉] 上述的;上述引文中 LC = lethal concentration 致死浓度 LC = liquid chromatography 液相色谱(法) L.C.= liquid crystal 液晶 LC50 = lethal concentration 50% 半数致死浓度 LCC = liquidcolumn chromatography 液相柱色谱(法) LCM = long chain molecule 长链分子 LC/MS = liquid chromatography-mass spectrography 流相色谱-质谱(联用) LCP = long chain polymer 长链聚合物 l.c.v. ;L.C.V.= low calorific value 低热值 LD = lethal dose(药物)致死(剂)量 LD50 = medium lethal dose 半数致死量 LD50/30 = lethal dose 50/30 30 天后试验动物半数致死(剂)量 LDMDC = lead dimethyl dithlocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铅 LDPE = low density polyethylene 低密度聚乙烯 LEC = liquid elution chromatography 液相洗脱色谱(法) LEC = ligand exchange chromatography 配位体交换色谱(法) LED = least effective dose 最小有效(剂)量 LEED = low energy electron diffraction 低能电子衍射 LEELS = low energy electron loss spectroscopy 低能电子能量损失光谱法 LEES = low energy electron scattering 低能电子散射 LFD = least fatal dose 最小致死(剂)量 LFSE = ligand field stabilization energy 配位场稳定能 LG = liquid gas 液化气体 l.h = latent heat 潜热 l-hr.= lumen-hour 流明时(光通量单位) LIF = laser induced fluorescence 激光诱导荧光 lic.= licence 许可证;特许 lidar = light detection and ranging 激光雷达 lim.= limit 极限;限度 linac = linear accelerator 直线加速器 LIS = laser isotope separation 激光同位素分离 liter.= literature 文献 LIX = liquid ion exchange 液体离子交换 LLC = liquid-liquid chromatography 液液色谱(法) LLE = liquid-liquid extraction 液液提取法 LM = laser microanalysis 激光微量分析 L.M.= light microscope 光学显微镜 LMP = low molecular polymer 低分子聚合物 LMP = low melting point 低熔点 LMW = low molecular weight 低分子量 LMWC = low molecular weight compound 低分子量化合物 ln = natural logarithm 自然对数 Ln = lanthanides 镧系元素 LN = liquid nitrogen 液氮 LN = lot number 批号 LNG = liquefied natural gas 液化天然气 long.= longitudinal 纵向 l.p. ;l-p;L.P.= low pressure 低压 LP = low polymer 低聚物 L.P.= light petroleum 石油醚 LPC = liquid partition chromatography 液相分配色谱(法) lq.= liquid 液体 LR = laser raman 激光拉曼(谱) LR = lethal range 致死范围 LRS = laser Raman Spectra 激光喇曼光谱 LS = literature search 文献检索 LSAC = liquid-solid adsorption chromatography 液固吸附色谱(法) LSC = liquid scintillation counting 液体闪烁计数 LSC = liquid-solid chromatography 液固色谱(法) LSD = least significant difference 最少显著差 l.t. ;L.T.= low temperature 低温 LTA = low temperature ashing 低温灰化 LTP = linear temperature programming 线性程序升温 LTP. ;T.P.= low temperature polymerization 低温聚合 LV = linear velocity 线性速度 LV = low viscosity 低粘度 L.V.= low voltage 低(电)压 LWC = liquid water content 含水量 lx.= Lux 勒克斯(照明单位) LYR;lyr = layer 层;层次 Lys;K = lysine 赖氨酸 M m = mass 质量 m = meta 偏;间位 m = mile 英里 M;m = medium ①介质;②中间的 M;m = mole;molar 摩尔 8molecular weight 分子量 MA = methacrylate 丙烯酸甲酯 MA = polymethylacrylate 聚丙烯酸甲酯 MaA = maleic acid 马来酸;顺(式)丁烯二酸 MAC = maximum acceptable concentration 最大容许浓度 MAD = maximum allowable dose 最大容许剂量 mag.= Magnetic 磁(性)的 M.A.O.T.= maximum allowable operating temperature 最大允许操作温度 MAR = microanalytical reagent 微量分析试剂量 Matl.= material 材料;物质 max.= maximum 最大;最大值 max.pres.= maximum pressure 最大压力 M cellulose = methyl cellulose 甲基纤维素 MB = major brand 主要牌号;名牌 MBA = monobutylamine 一丁胺 MBP = monobutylphosphate 磷酸一丁酯 MC = mass chromatography 质量色谱(法) M.C.= moisture content 含水量;湿度 MCA = mono-carboxylic acid 一元羧酸 MCA = multichannel analyzer 多道分析器 MCD = magnetic circular dichroism 磁性圆二色散 MCD = microcoulometric detector 微库仑检测器 MD = mass detector 质量检测器 MD = mean deviation 平均偏差 MDOA = methyldioctylamine 甲基二辛胺 MDPP = methyl diphenylphosphate 磷酸-甲基二苯基酯 MDQ = minimum detectable quantity 最小检测量 MEA = monoethanolamine 单乙醇胺 MEA = β-metcaptoethylamine β-巯基乙胺;半胱胺 MED = minimum effect dose 最小有效剂量 MEDTA = 2-methylethylenediaminete- traacetic acid 2-甲基乙二胺四乙酸 MEHP;M2EHPA;H2MEHP = mono-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid 单(2-乙基已基)磷酸;磷酸单(2-乙基己基)酯 M eOH = methyl alcohol 甲醇 Meth.= methyl 甲基 MF = melamine-formaldehyde 三聚氰酰胺甲醛树脂 MF = membrane filter 膜滤器 mfd.= manufactured 制造的 mfg. ;Mfg.= manufacturing 制造;生产 mfr. ; Mfr.= manufactory;manufacturer 制造厂;生产厂 MHA = monohydric alcohol 一元醇 MHK = methyl hexyl ketone 甲基己基酮 MI = metabolic index 代谢指数 mic.cryst.= micro-crystalline 微晶型 MIBC = methyl-isobutyl carbinol 甲基异丁基甲醇 MIBK = methylisobutylketone 甲基异丁基酮 MIBK;MIK = methyl isobutyl ketone 甲基.异丁基(甲)酮 MID = multiple ion detector 多离子检测器[色质谱联用的] MID = multi-ion detection 多离子检测 MIDA = methyliminodiacetic acid 甲基亚氨基二乙酸 min.= minimum 最小;最低 minl.= mineral 矿质 MIS = multi-ion selection 多离子选择 misc.= miscible 可混(溶)的 mix.= mixed 混合的 mixt.= Mixture ①混合物;②胶料 MLA = monolaurylamine 一月桂胺 MLD = minimum lethal dose 最低致死剂量 MLT = median lethal time 致死时间中值;半数致死时间 MM;MMA = (poly)methylmethacrylate (聚)甲基丙烯酸甲酯 MMB = methyl methacrylate-butadlene 甲基丙烯酸甲酯丁二烯 MMW = medium molecular weight 中分子量 MNDDA = methyl-n-didecylamine 甲基二(正)癸胺 MO = mineral oil 矿物油 MO = molecular orbital 分子轨道 mod.= moderate 中等的 mo1 = mole 摩尔 mol.= molecular;molecule 分子的;分子 mole = gram-molecule 克分子 mol.ht.= molecular heat 分子热 molw;mol.wt.= molecular weight 分子量 mot.= motor 发动机;马达 m.p. ;M.P.= melting point 熔点 MPA = multiphoton absorption 多光子吸收 MPA =β-mercaptopropylamine β-巯基丙胺 M PBB = maximum permissible body burden 最大允许体内积存量 MPC = maximum permissible concentration 最大允许浓度 MPD = maxlmum permissible dose 最大允许剂量 MPD = multiphoton dissociation 多光子解离 MPE = multlphoton exeitation 多光子激发 MPI = maximum permissible intake 最大容许摄入量 MPL = maximum permissible level 最大容许水平 MPM = metbyl polymethacrylate 甲基聚丙烯酸甲酯 mR;mr = milliroentgen 毫伦琴 Mrad = million rad 或 megarad 兆拉德[=106 rad] mrad = millirad 毫拉德[=10-3rad] MRC = minimum response concentration 最低反应浓度 M.R.C.= moisture recording controller 湿度记录控制器 mrd = millirutherford 毫卢瑟福[=10-3 rd] mrem = millirem 毫雷姆[=10-3 rem] mrep = millirep 毫物理伦琴当量[=10-3 rep] mRNA = messenger-RNA 信使 RNA;信使核糖核酸 MS = mass spectrum 质谱 MS = mass spectrography 质谱法 MS = mass spectrometer 质谱仪 MS = Military Standard 军工标准 MS = molecular sieve 分子筛 M.S.= margin of safety 安全边界;安全限度 m.s.= master switch 主控开关 MSG = monosodium glutamate 谷氨酸钠 MSL = mean sea level 平均海平面 MST = mechanical stability 机械稳定性 M-ST = medium strength 中等强度 MSTA = mass spectrometric thermal analysis 质谱热分析 MT = metric tonne 公吨 MTFE = mercury thin-filmdectrode 汞薄膜电极 mtl.= material 材料 MU = methylene unit 亚甲基单元 MW;M.W.= molecular weight 分子量 MWD = microwave detector 微波检波器;微波检测器 MWD = molecular weight distribution 分子量分布 M(W)PD = microwave plasma detector 微波等离子体检测器 mxd = mixed 混合的 MXD = meta-xylylene adipamide 间苯二甲酰己二胺 N n- = normal 正(链)的 N = newton 牛顿[力的单位=1kg.m/s2] NAA = naphthylacetic acid 萘乙酸 NAA = neutron activation analysis 中子活化分析 NaDDBS = sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 NASN = National Air Surveillance Network 全国大气监视网 NB = nitrobenzene 硝基苯 NB = sodium dibutyl dithlocarbamate 二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 NBHA = N-benzylheptadecylamine N-苄基十七烷基胺 NBOD = nitrogenous biochemical oxygen demand 含氮生化需氧量 n-bomb = neutron bomb 中子弹 NBS = National Bureau of Standards 国家标准局(美) NBW = non-base washed 非碱洗的 NC = nitrocellulose 硝化纤维素 NCE = normol calomel electrode 当量甘汞电极 NCGA = neutron capture gamma-ray analysis 中子俘获γ射线分析 n.d.= not detected 未检出的 ND = neutron diffraction 中子衍射 ND = non-discoloring 不变色的 NDD = n-dodecane 正十二烷 NDIR = nondispersive infrared 非色散红外(分析) NDT = non-distructive test ①非破坏性试验;②无损探伤 NDXF = nondispersive X-ray fluorescence 非色散 X 射线荧光 neu.= neutral 中性的;中和的 neutzd.= neutralized 中和丁的 NF = noise factor 噪声因数 NGR = nuclear gamma-ray resonace absorption 核γ射线共振吸收[即穆斯保尔效应) N.H.E.= normal hydrogen electrode 标准氢电极 NIR = near infra-red 近红外 NIST = national institute of stadards and technology(美国)国家标准与技术研究所 N.L.= no-load 无负荷;空载 NLR = noise load ratio 噪声负荷比 NMDR = nuclear magnetic double resonance 核磁双共振 NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振 NMRCT = nuclear magnetic resonance computerized tomography 核磁共振计算机化断层显像 non-fus.= non-fusible 难熔的;不能熔的 non-vol.= non-volatile 不挥发的 NPH = normal paraffin hydrocarbons 正(链)烷烃 NPK = nitrogen phosphorus and potassiun 氮磷钾肥 NPN = non-protein nitrogen 非蛋白氮 NPS = nuclear power station 核电站 NPSO = non-paired spatial orbital 非成对空间轨道 N.P.T. ;n.P.T.= normal pressure and temperature 标准状态(101325 pa, O℃) NQR = nuclear quadrupole resonance 核四极共振 NR = natural rubber 天然橡胶 NR = noise ratio 噪声比 NR = no requirement (规格)无要求 NR = normal range 正常范围 NR = number 号数;值 n. res.= non-residual 无残渣的;无残留的 NRN = noise rating number 噪声评级数,NR 值 NS C;N.S.C.= noise suppression control 噪声抑制控制 NSC = no signifcant count 无显著放射性 NSF = national science foundation (美国)国家科学基金会 Nst = nonstainillg 未沾污的;未染污的 NT = normal temperature 标准温度 NTA = nitrilotriacetic acid 氨三乙酸 n.t.p. ;NTP = normal tempeperature and pressure 标准温度压力(状态) NTP = number of theoretical plates 理论板数 N.T.P.= normal pressure and temperature 标准状态 N.T.R.= noise-temperature ratio 噪声温度比 N.T.S.= not to scale 不按比例尺 n.v.m. ;NVM = non-volatile matter 不挥发物 n.wt.= net weight 净重 Nyl;NYL = nylon 锦纶;尼龙 N.Z.P.= New Zealand Patent 新西兰专利 O o- = ortho-[希腊字头]正;邻(位) OA = overall noise level 总噪声级 OAS = optical absorption spectroscopy 光学吸收光谱法 o.a.t.= outer atmosphere temperature 外层大气温度 Ob.= observation 观测;观察 OC = organic carbon 有机碳 OC = oxygen consumption 耗氧量 OCR = oxygen consumption rate 耗氧率 OD = optical density 光密度 O.D. ;OD = outside diameter 外径 O.D.= outside dimensions 外部尺寸 ODPP = octyl diphenyl phosphate 辛基磷酸二苯酯 OF = oil fuel 石油燃料 OG = off-gas 排(出废)气 O.G.= Official Gazettee of the U.S.Patent Office 美国专利公报 OGV = Optimum gas velocity 最佳气速 OHV = hydroxyl value 羟值;羟价 O.K.= all correct ①正确;②合格[试验) OMS = organic mass spectrometry 有机质谱 o.o.o. ;O.O.O.= out of order 故障;失灵 OPA = diisooctyl phosphoric acid 二异辛基磷酸 OPEC = Organization of petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织 OPPA;DO PP.= dioctylpyrophosphoric acid 二辛基焦磷酸;焦磷酸二辛酯 Opt.= optical 光(学)的;旋光的 OR = oil resistance 耐油性 OR = optimum resolution 最佳分辨率 O-R = oxidation-reduction 氧化-还原 ORC = oxidation resistant coating 抗氧化涂层 ord.= ordinance ①条例;②规格 ord.= ordinary 普通的 ORD = optical rotatory dispersion 旋光色散 org.= organic 有机的 Org.Syn.= organic synthesis 有机合成 orig.= original(ly) 最初的;原始的 Orig.= origin 起源;起因;原点 ORP = oxidation-reduction potential 氧化-还原电位 OS = organic solvent 有机溶剂 OSEE = optically stimulated exo-electron emission 光激发外逸电子发射 OSR = oxide-stable resin 对氧化物稳定的树脂 OTR = operating temperature range 操作温度范围 O/W = oil in water(emulsion)水包油型(乳状液) Oxin = 8-hydroxyquinoline 8-羟基喹啉 P P = Page 页 p = para 对(位) p. ;P = poise 泊(粘度单位) p;P = power 功率 p;p = pressure 压力 P = plasma ①血浆;②原生质;③等离子区 PA = polyacrylate 聚丙烯酸酯 PA = polyamide 聚酰胺 PAA = photon activation analysis 光子活化分析 PAA = polyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺 PAA = polyacrylic acide 聚丙烯酸 PABA = para-aminobenzoic acid 对氨基苯甲酸 PABA = p-aminobenzoic acid 对氨基苯甲酸 PAB cellulose = para-amino benzyl cellulose 对氨基苄基纤维素 PAC = 2-(2-pyridylazo)-p-cresol 吡啶偶氮对甲酚 PADAP = 2-(2-pyridylazo)-5-diothyl-aminophenol 吡啶偶氮二乙基氨基苯酚 PAE = phthalic acid ester 邻苯二甲酸酯 PAH = polycycllc aromatic hydrocarbon 多环芳烃;稠环芳烃 PAH = polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon 多核芳烃;多环芳烃 PAM = polyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺 PAN;PANA = phenyl-α-naphthylamine 苯基-α-萘胺 PAN = polyacrylonitrile 聚丙烯睛 PAN = 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol 潘酚;l-(2-吡啶基偶氮)-2-萘酚 PAP = 2-(2-pyridylazo)phenol 毗唉吡啶偶氮苯酚 PAPA = polymethyl polyphenylamine 聚甲基聚苯胺 PAR = 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol 帕酚;4-(2-吡啶基偶氮)间苯二酚 PAS = para-aminosalicylic acid 对氨基水杨酸 PAS = photoacoustic spectrometry 光声光谱法 Pat.= patent 专利 PAT = 5-(2-pyridylazo)-thymol 吡啶偶氮百里酚 patt.= pattern 式样;模型;样板 PB = polybutylene 聚丁烯 PB = push button 铵钮 PBAA = polybutadiene-acrylic acid 聚丁二烯丙烯酸 PBD = polybutadiene 聚丁二烯 PBGS = polybutylene glycol succinate 聚丁二醇丁二酸酯 PBHA = N-phenylbenzohydroxamic acid N-苯基苯氧肟酸 PBI = polybenzimidazole 聚苯并咪唑 PBI = polyisobutylene 聚异丁烯 PBN;PBNA = phenyl-β-naphthylamine 苯基-β-萘胺 PBS = polybutadiene styrene 丁苯橡胶 PBT = polybenzothiazole 聚苯并噻唑 p.c.= per cent 百分之(几) ;百分数 Pc = critical pressure 临界压力 P cellulose= phosphate cellulose 磷酸纤维素 PC = paper chromatography 纸色谱(分析)法 PC = polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯 PCB = polychlorinated biphenyls 多氯联苯 PCD = paper chromatographic distribution 纸上色谱分布 PCD = process characterization diagram 操作特性图 PCE = paper chromatoelectrophoresis 纸色谱电泳法 PCL = polycaprolactam 聚己内酰胺 p.c.m.= porcentage of moisture 含水百分率;湿量 PCP = pentachlorophenol 五氯苯酚 PCP;P.C.P.= polychloroprene 氯丁橡胶 PCT = polychlorinated terphenyls 多氯三联苯 PCTFE = polychlorotrifluoroethylene 聚三氟氯乙烯 PDA = propylenediamine 丙二胺 PDEA = phenyl diethanol amine 苯基二乙醇胺 PDEAS = phenyl diethanolamine succinate 苯基二乙醇胺丁二酸 PDOPO = phenyldioctylphosphine oxide 苯基二辛基氧膦 pdr = powder ①粉末;②炸药 PDR = preliminary data report 原始数据报告 PDTA = propylenediaminotetraacetic acid 丙二胺四乙酸 PE = paper electrophoresis 纸电泳(法) PE = permissible error 允许误差 PE;P/E = polyethylene 聚乙烯 PECT = positron emission computerized tomography 正电子发射断层扫描 PEG = polyethylene glycol 聚乙二醇 PEQD = piezo-electric quartz detector 压电石英检测器 perf.= perforated 多孔的 PES = photoelectron spectroscopy 光电子能谱法(同 ESCA) PESIS = photoelectron spectroscopy of innershell electrons 内层电子光电能谱法 PESOS = photoelectron spectroscopy of outershell electrons 外层电子光电能谱法 pet.= petroleum 石油 petro.= liquid petrolatum 液体石蜡 p.f. ;P.F.= power factor 功率因数 PF = phenol-formaldehyde 苯酸甲醛(树脂) PFGC = programming flow gas chromatography 程序变流气相色谱(法) PFHS = precipitation from homogeneous solution 均匀溶液沉淀 PFT = pulsed Fourier transform 脉冲傅氏转换 PGC = pyrolysis gas chromatography 裂解(气相)色谱(法) PGC-FDMS = pyrolysis gas chromatography-field desorption mass spectroscopy 裂解色谱-场解吸质谱(法) PGC-FIMS = pyrolysis gas chromatography-field ionization mass spectroscopy 裂解色谱-场离子化质谱(法)联用 PGC-MS = pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy 裂解色谱-质谱(法)联用 pH = hydrogen-ion concentration 氢离子浓度 pH = power of hydrogen 酸碱值;pH 值 Ph.B = pharmacopoeia Britannica[拉] 英国药典 Phen = phenanthroline 一氮杂菲;菲绕啉 Ph.G = pharmacopoeia Germanica[拉] 德国药典 Ph.Gal.= pharmacopoeia Galisa [拉] 法国药典 Ph.J.= pharmacopoeia Japonica[拉]日本药典 PhOH = phenols 苯酚 Phos.= phosphate 磷酸盐(或酯) Ph.US = pharmacopoeia United States 美国药典 phys.= physical 物理的 PIB = Polyisobutylene 聚异丁烯 PID = photo-ionization detector 光电离检测器 PID = proportional,integral and differential 比例、积分、微分(调节) pigt.= pigment 颜料;填充剂;粉剂;着色剂 PIXE = proton induced X-ray emission analysis 质子激发 X 射线发射分析 Pkg.= package 包装;包裹;组装 pl.= plate 板 P/L = partial loss 部分损失 P.L.= pipe line 管道;管路 plast.= plastic;plastics 塑性;塑料 PLC = preparative layer chromatography 制备色谱(法) PLOT = porous layer open tubular column 多孔层开口管柱 PMA = polymethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸酯 PMA = polymethyl acrylate 聚丙烯酸甲酯 PMAN = polymethacrylonitrile 聚甲基丙烯睛 PMM;PMMA = polymethylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 PMR = proton magnetic resonance 质子核磁共振 PNP = para nitrophenol 对硝基苯酚 Po = output power 输出功率;出力 PO = polyolefine 聚烯烃 PO = propylene oxide 氧化丙烯;环氧丙烷 pois.= poisonous 有毒的 pol. ;polym.= polymer; polymeric; polymerize 聚合物;聚合的;聚合 poly-P = polyphosphate 聚磷酸酯 POM = polyoxymethylene 聚甲醛 pos.= positive 正的 POS = percentage of oxygen saturation 氧饱和率 POS = position 位置 Pot.= potentiometer 电势计 Powd.= powder ①粉末;②炸药 PP = Polypropylene 聚丙烯 PPC = paper partition chromatography 纸分配色谱法 PPC = paper-polymer composite 纸-聚合物复合材料 P.P.d. ;PPDA = p-phenylene diamine 对苯二胺 PPG = polypropylene glycol 聚丙二醇 PPGC = programmed pressure gas chrotography 程序变压气体色谱法 PPI = polymeric polylsocyanate 聚异氨酸酯 ppt = precipitate 沉淀;沉淀物 PQ = phenanthrenequlnone 菲醌 pr = primary 主要的;第一的 PR = progress Report 进展报告[特种文献〕 PRDC = perforated rotating disc column 多孔转盘(萃取)柱 PRE-AMP;pre-amp = pre-amplifier 前置放大器 prep.= preparation ①制备;准备②;制剂 prep.= prepare ①预备;准备②制备;调制 press.= pressure 压力 Prim.= Primary ①一次的;初级的;原生的②第一;伯 prin.= principal 主要的 prob.= probation 检验;验证;鉴定 proc.= procedure 程序 proc.= process ①方法②过程;程序 Proc.= proceedings 学报;会刊;会议录 prod.= produce;produced;product 生产;生产的;产品 prog.= prognosis ①预测②预后 prog.= progress 进展;进度 proj.= project 方案;计划;规划;科研项目 prop.= property 性质;特性 prot.= protection 保护;防护 PS = proton synchrotron 质子同步加速器 PSGC = preparative scale gas chromatography 制备规模气体色谱法 Pt.= portable 轻便的;手提的 pt. ;pts.= [复] part(s) 份 pt. ;pts.= [复] pint(s) 品脱[容量单位] PTFCE = polytrifluoromonochloroethylene 聚三氟氯乙烯 PTFE;p.t.f.e.= polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯 PTGC = programming temperature gas chromatography 程序升温气相色谱(法) PTL = photothermoluminescence 光热致发光 P.T.O.= please turn over 请阅反面 Pty = proprietary 专用的 PU;PUR = polyurethane 聚氨基甲酸酯;聚氨酯 P.U.= per unit 每单位 Purif.= purify 纯化;净化 PV = pyrocatechol violet 邻苯一项紫 PVA = polyvinyl acetate 聚乙烯乙酸酯 PVA = polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇 PVC = polyvinyl chloride 聚氯乙烯 PVdC;PVDC = polyvinyl dichloride 聚二氯乙烯 PVF = polyvinyl fluoride 聚氟乙烯 PVP = polyvinyl pyrrolidone 聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 P.w.= packed weight 装填量 PW = paraffin wax 石蜡 PWL = power level (声)能级;功率级;权级 PWR sup.= power supply 电源 PyC = pyrolytic carbon 热解碳(涂层) pyr.= pyridine 吡啶 Q QA = quaternary ammonium 季铵 QAAS = quality assurance acceptance standards 质量保证验收标准 QAB = quaternary ammonium base 季铵碱 QAE = quaternary aminoethyl (季)铵乙基 QAL = quality assurance laboratory 质量保证实验室 Q.C.= quality control 质量管理 QF = quality factor 品质因数 Q-F = quick-freezing 速冻法 Q.I.= quality index 质量指标 QMS = quadrupole mass spectrometer 四极质谱仪 QPR = Quarterly Progress Report 季度进展报告(特种文献) Q.R.= quality requirement 质量要求 QTR = Qualification Test Report 检验合格报告 qual.anal.= qualitative analysis 定性分析 quant.anal.= quantitative analysis 定量分析 quot.= quotation 引证;引用文 q.v.= quod vide[拉] 参照;请参阅;参见 R r. ;R.= radius 半径 r.= roentgen unit 伦琴单位 r.= roentgen 伦(琴) (剂量单位) R = gas constant 气体常数 R = specific resistance 电阻率 ® = registered trade mark 注册商标 r.a.= radioactive 放射性的 R.A = research association 研究协会 rad.= radius 半径 RAD = radiation-absorbed dose 拉德[辐射剂量单位] RAD = radioactive detector 放射性检测器 R&D = research and development 研究和发展 RADEX = radiological exclusion area 放射禁区 RADIAC = radioactivity detection identification and computation 辐照仪器 (辐照检测仪器通称) RAM = rate accelerating material 速率加速剂;增速剂 RBC = rotating biological contactor 生物转盘 rbr.= rubber 橡胶 r.c.= mote control 遥控 RC = retention constant 保留常数 rd = rutherford 卢瑟福[=106 dps(衰变/秒)] RDC = rotary disc contactor 生物转盘 RDE = rotating disc electrode 转盘电极 RE = rare earth 稀土(元素) rec.= record 记录;登记 rec.= rectanggular 长方形的;矩形的 recryst.= recrystalize 再结晶 red.= reducing 还原 redox = reduction-oxidation 还原-氧化(作用) ref.= reference 参考;参考资料 ref.= refined 精制的;精炼的 reg.= region 区域;范围 reg.= regular 普通的 reg.= regulator 调节器 Reg.= register 登记;注册 rein.= reinforcement 增强;加固 Rel.= relative 相对的 rep.= representative 有代表性的;具典型性的 req.= required 需要的 req.= requirement ①必要条件②需要物;需要量 res.= research 研究 res.= resolution 分解;离析;分辨 res.= restricted 被限制的 resid.= residue 残渣;滤渣;残留 resp.= respectively 分别地;各自地 Ret.Time = retention time 保留时间 rev/min = revolution(s)per minute 转/分 revs.= revolutions 转数 rev/sec.= revdution(s)per second 转/秒 RF = radio-frequency 射(电)频(率) RF = rate of flow 流速 rfc = reference 参考;参考资料 R.F.C.= recording flow controller 自记流量控制器 RFMS = radio frequency mass spectrometer 射频质谱仪 RGA = residual gas analyzer 残余气体分析仪 RGC = radio gas chromatography 放射气相色谱(法) R.H.= relative humidity 相对湿度 RHEED = reflection high energy electron dlffraction spectroscopy 反射高能电子衍射能谱 r.i. ; R.I.= refractive index 折射率 RI = radioactive isotope 放射性同位素 RI = refractive index 折光指数 R.I.= retention index 保留指数 RIA = radiommunoassay 放射免疫分析 RID = reverse isotope dilution 逆同位素稀释(法) RIF = radial-inflow 径向流入 RIM = radioisotope medicine 放射性同位素医学 RM = reference material 标准物质 RM = Research Memmorandum 研究备忘录[特种文献] R-meter = radiation meter 辐射计 rms;RMS = root mean square value 均方根值 RNA = ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸 RNAA = radiochemical neutron activation analysis 放射化学中子活化分析 RO = reverse osmosis 逆渗透;反渗析 rout.= routine 常规的;例行的 RP = research paper 研究报告;研究论文 RP = reverse(或 reversal)phase 反相;逆相 R.P.= reference point 参考点 RPC = reversed phase chromatography 反相色谱法 RPE = rotating platinum electrode 旋转铂电极 RPG = radioisotopic power generator 放射性同位素动力(能)源 RPL = radiophotoluminescence 辐射光致发光 rpm;RPM = revolution per minute 每分钟转数;转/分 rps = revolution per second 转数/秒 RRE = resonance raman effect 共振拉曼效应 R/s = roentgen/second 伦琴/秒 RSD = relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差 rt = room temperature 室温 RT = radio-isotope tracer 放射性同位素示踪物 RT = retention time 保留时间;停留时间 R.T.= regular tenacity 标准强度 RTA = radiothermal analysis 放射(示踪)热分析 R.T.C.= recording temperature controller 自记温度控制器 RTL = radio thermoluminescence 辐射热致发光 RTLC = radiothin-layer chromatography 放射薄层色谱法 RV = retention volume 保留体积 S s = solid 固体 s = surface 表面 s = second(s) 秒 s;S = secondary ①第二②二级的;次生的;二次的 s;S = soluble 可溶解的 s.a.= such as 例如 s.a. ;SA = saturated 饱和丁的 s.a. ;SA = stearic acid 硬脂酸 S.A.= sem-automatic 半自动的 SA = sulfamic acid 氨基磺酸 SAB = styrene-acrylonitrile-butadlene terpolymer 苯乙烯-丙烯睛-丁二烯三聚物[即 ABS 树脂] SALS = small angle light scattering 小角光散射 SAM = Scanmng Augerdectron spectroscopy 扫描俄歇电子光谱 Sam.inj.= sample injection 试样注射;进样 SAN = styrene-acrylonitrile 苯乙烯-丙烯睛(共聚物) SAND = small angle neutron diffraction 小角中子衍射 SANS = smalla angle neutron scattering 小角中子散射 Satn.= saturation 饱和 Sat.Sol.= saturated solution 饱和溶液 SAXD = small angle X-ray diffraction 小角 X 射线衍射 SAXS = small angle X-ray scattering 小角 X 射线散射 SB = styrene-butadiene 苯乙烯-丁二烯(共聚物) SBRs = styrene-butadiene rubbers 丁苯橡胶[复] SBuD;SBUD = sodium dibutyl dithiocar bamate 二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 s.c.= standard condition 标准状况(温度和压力) Sc.= science 科学 SCA = single channel analyser 单道分析器 SCE;S.C.E.= saturated calomel electrode 饱和甘汞电极 SCOT = support coated open tubular column 涂载体空心柱 scr.= screen ①筛子;筛网②筛选③百叶窗 SCR = silicon controlled rectifier 可控硅(整流器) S.D.= standard deviation 标准偏差 SDB = sedium dibutyl dithiOCtrrbamate 二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 SDBSBS = sodiumddecyl benzene sulfonate 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 SDC = sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 SDD = sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 SDEB = styrene-diethylenebenzene (copolymer) 苯乙烯二乙烯苯(共聚物) SDS = sodium dodecyl sulfate 十二烷基硫酸钠 SE cellulose = sulfo-ethyl cellulose 磺乙基纤维素 SEC = size exclusion chromatography 尺寸排阻色谱法 SEC = steric exclusion chromatography 空间排阻色谱(法) SED = spectral energy distribution 光谱能量分布 SEM = scanning electron micrograph 扫描电子显微镜 SEM = scanning electron microscopy 扫描电子显微镜术 sens.= sensibility 灵敏度 sep.separate 分离 set.pt.= setting point 凝固点 s.f.= solvent front 溶剂前沿 SF = separation factor 分离因数 SFC = supercritical fluid chromatography 超临界流体色谱法 sg = Sudan green 苏丹绿 s.h.= specific heat 比热 SH = surface hardening 表面硬化 S.H.= Shore hardness 肖氏硬度 SHE = standard hydrogen electrode 标准氢电极 SHE = superheavy element 超重元素 SHEED = scanning high energy electron diffraction 扫描高能电子衍射 SHF = super high frequency 超高频率 SHFS = superhyperfine structure 超超精细结构 SI = saturation index 饱和指数 SI = separation index 分离指数 SI = stable isotobe 稳定同位素 SI = swelling index 溶胀指数;膨润指数 S.I.= selectivity index 选择性指数 S.I.C.= specific inductance constant 介电常数 SID = selective ion detection 离子选择性检测[色质联用] SID = sekctlve ion detector 离子选择性检测器 SIDT = stable isotope dilutiontechnique 稳定同位素稀释技术 sim.= similar 类似的 SIMS = secondary ion mass spectroscopy 次级离子质谱(法) SLE = solid-liquid equilibrium 固液平衡 sl.sol.= slightly soluble 微溶的 SM cellulose = sulfo-methyl cellulose 磺甲基纤维素 SMP = sampler 取样器 SMRY = summary 摘要;概要 S/N;SNR.= Signal/noise ratio 信噪比;信号噪声比 S.N.= serial number 顺序 连续号 Soc.= society 学会;社团 soft.pt.= softening point 软化点 sol.soluble = 可溶解的 sol.aq.= aqueous solution 水溶液 solv.= solvent 溶剂 soly = solubility 溶解度 SP = sulfoptopyl 磺丙基 s.p.= solidifying point 固化点;凝固点 SPADNS = sulfophenylam-chromotropic acid 钍锆试剂;磺基苯偶氮变色酸 SPADNS = 2-p-sulphophenylazo-l,8-dihydroxy-naphthalene-3,6-disulphonic acid 对磺基苯偶氮二羟基萘二磺酸;磺基苯偶氮变色酸 spec.= special 特殊的 spe;specif.= specification 规格 specif.= specification ①规格;规范②说明书 SPECT = single photon emission computerized tomography 单光子发射计算机化断层显像 SPF = spectrophotofluorometer 荧光分光光度计 sp.ht.= specific heat 比热 SPL = sound pressure level 声压级 spl.P.= special purpose 特殊目的;专用的 sps = supersonic 超声波 sp.V(ol) = speciafic volume 比容 SPX = sodium isopropyl xanthate 异丙基黄原酸钠 SQC = statistical quality control 统计法质量控制 sr = Sudan red 苏丹红 SR = synchrotron radiation 同步辐射 SR = synthetic rubber 合成橡胶 SRM = standard reference materials 标准参考物质;基准参考物质 SRU = self-recording unit 自动记录器 s.s. ;ss = superheated steam 过热蒸汽 SS = standard specification 标准规格;标准 SS = switch selector 开关选择器 SSC = solid solution cermet 固溶体金属陶瓷 SSD = solid state detector 固态探测器 S.T.= surface tension 表面张力 Stab.= stabilizer 稳定剂 Stat.= statistic(al);statistics 统计的;统计 STD;Std = standard 标准;标准的 STEM = scanning-transmission electron microscope 扫描透射式电(子显微)镜 STM = scanning tunnel microscope 扫描隧道显微镜 STP;S.T.P.= stadad temperature and pressure 标准温度压力 St.ph.= stationary phase 固定相 STPP = sodium tripolyphosphate 三聚磷酸钠 STS = scanning tunnel spectroscopy 扫描隧道光谱 STT = sodium pentachlorophenate 五氯苯酚钠 STT = spectroturbidimetric titration 浊度光谱滴定 STTA = thiothenoyltrifluoroacetone 硫代噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮 sub.= sublimation 升华(作用) subl. sublimate;sublimes 升华物;升华 subst.= substance 物质 subst.= substantially 实质上;充分地 subst = substitute 代用品;取代;代替 Sup. ;Supp(1) .= supplement(ary)补充(的) supersat.= supersaturate 过饱和 S.W. ;SW;S/W = switch 开关 sym- = symmetric(al) 对称 syn. ;synth.= synthetic 合成的 syndet = synthetic detergent 合成洗涤剂 synop.= synopsis (书、剧本等的)提要;概要;梗概 synth.= synthetic 合成的 syst.= system;systematic;systematically 系统;系统的 T t = metric ton 公吨 t;T = temperature 温度 t = -tertiary 叔;第三 T = absolute temperature 绝对温度 tab.= table 表;图表 TAA = triamylamine 三戊胺 TAN = total ammonia nitrogen 总氨氮 TAR = test analysis report 检验分析报告 TAR = 4-(2-thiazolylazo)-resorcinol 噻唑基偶氮间苯二酚 tart.= tartaric acid 酒石酸(盐) T.B.= Technical Bulletin 技术公报 TBA = tribenzylamine 三苄基胺 TBAC = tetrabutylammonium chloride 氯化四丁铵 TBB = tert-butylbenzene 叔丁基苯 TBC = tributyl citrate 柠檬酸三丁酯 TBEP = tri-butoxyethyl phosphate 磷酸三丁氧基乙酯 TBP = tributyl phosphate 磷酸三丁酯 TBPO = tributylphosphine oxide 三丁基氧磷 TBzPO = tribenzyl phosphine oxide 三苄基氧膦 TC = technical characteristics 技术性能 TC = total carbon 总碳量 TCA = tricaprylamine 三辛胺 TCA = tricarboxylic acid 三羧酸 TCA = trichloroacetic acid 三氯乙酸 TCAN = tricaprylammonium nitrate 硝酸三辛(基)铵 T.C.cells = thermal conductivity cells 热导池 TCD = thermal conductivity detector 热导检测器 TCD = thermochemical deposition 热化学沉积 TCE = trichloroethylene 三氯乙烯 TCM = trichloromelamine 三氯三聚氰酰胺 TCMAN = tricaprylmethylammonium nitrate 三辛基甲基铵硝酸盐 TCPO = tricetyl phosphine oxide 三(十六烷基)氧膦 TCTA = trichlorothiolacetic acid 三氯硫代乙酸 TD = technical data 技术数据;技术资料 TD = test data 检验数据 TDA = taurine-N’N-diacetic acid 氨基乙磺酸二乙酸 TDA = tridecylamine 三癸胺 IDA = tridodecylamine 三(十二烷基)胺 TDS = thermal desorption spectrum 热脱附谱 TDS = total dissolved solids 总溶解固体(量) TEA;T.E.A.= triethanolamine 三乙醇胺 TEAE = triethyl aminoethyl 三乙氨乙基 TEAE cellulese = triethyl aminoethyl cellulose 三乙基氨乙基纤维素 techn.= technological;technology 技术的;工艺的;技术工艺 TEHA = tri-(2-ethylhexyl)amine 三(2-乙基己基)胺 TEHP = tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate 磷酸三(2-乙基己基)酯 TEHPO = tri-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide 三(2-乙基已基)氧磷 TEL = tetraethyl lead 四乙基铅 TEM = transmission electron microscope 透射(式)电子显微镜 TEM = transmission electron microscopy 透射显微镜术 TEMED = N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl ethylene diamine N,N,N’,N’-四甲基乙二胺 temp.= temperature 温度 temp.diff.= temperature difference 温(度)差 temp.grad.= temperature gradient 温度梯度 TEMP.SET = temperature set 温度调节;调温 tens.str.= tensile strength 抗张力;扯断力 TEP = triethylphosphate 磷酸三乙酯 TEPA = tetraethylene pentamine 四乙烯戊胺 TEPN = tetraethylene pentamine 四亚乙基戊胺 TEPP = tetraethylpyrophosphate 焦磷酸四乙酯;特普 Ter-;tert- = tertiary 第三;叔 term.= terminus;termination 终点;末端;终止 TETA = triethylene tetramine 三亚乙基四胺 tetren = tetraethylene pentamine 四亚乙基戊胺 TFA = trifluoroacetic acid 三氟乙酸 TFA = trifluoroacetylacetone 三氟乙酰丙酮 TFAA = trifluoroacetic anhydride 三氟乙酸酐 TFC = polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene 聚一氯三氟乙烯 TFE = polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯 TFE = tetrafluoroethylene 四氟乙烯 TG = thermogravimetry 热重量分析 TG = triglyceride 甘油三酯;三酸甘油酯 TGA = thermogravimetric analysis 热解重量分析;重量热分析 TGA = thioglycollic acid 巯基乙酸 TG-GC-MS = thermal gravity-gas chromatograph mass spectroscopy 热重量分析-气相色谱-质谱(联用法) Th.= theorem 定理;原理;法则 THA = trihexylamine 三己(基)胺 THED = tetrahydroxy ethylene diamne 四羟基亚乙基二胺 THEED;Theed = N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylene diamine N,N,N’,N’-四(2-羟乙基)乙二胺 theor.= theory 原理;定理 THF = tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃 THIO = thiocarbanilide 二苯基硫脲 THP = triheptylphosphate 磷酸三庚酯 THPED = tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylene diamine 四(羟基丙基)乙二胺 THPO = triheptylphosphine oxide 三庚基氧膦 THPO = trihexylphosphine oxide 三己基氧膦 T.I.= technical information 技术情报 TIC = total ions chromatogram 总离子流色谱图[色谱-质谱联用〕 TID = thermionic detector 热离子检测器 TiOA = triisooctylamine 三异辛胺 TIPP = triisopentyl phosphate 磷酸三异戊酯 TIROS = television and infrared observing satellite 电视和红外观测卫星;泰罗斯卫星 TISAB = total ionic strength adjustment buffer 总离子强度缓冲剂 TITCF = tetraiodotetrachlorofluorescein 四碘四氯荧光素;玫瑰红 TKA = thermokinetic analysis 热动力分析 TLA = trilaurylamine 三月桂胺 TLC = thin-layer chromatography 薄层色谱(法) TLE = thin-layer electrophoresis 薄层电泳 TLGC = thin-layer gel chromatography 薄层凝胶色谱(法) TLMAN = trilaurylmethylammonium niirate 硝酸三月桂基甲基铵 TLRC = thin layer radiochromatography 放射性薄层色谱法 TLV = threshold limit value 阈限值;最低限值 t.m.= tota massa[拉] 总量;全部量 TM = trade mark 商标 TM.= telemetering 遥测(技术) T.M.= technical manual 技术手册 TMA = trimethylamine 三甲胺 TMAH = tetramethylammonium hydroxide 氢氧化四甲铵 TMB = trimethylbenzene 三甲苯 TMHP = tri-(1-methylheptyl)phosphate 磷酸三(1-甲基庚基)酯 TML = tetramethyl lead 四甲基铅 TMP = test methods and procedure 检验方法和操作规程 TMP = trimethyl phosphate 磷酸三甲酯 TMPO = trimethylphosphine oxide 三甲基氧膦 tn = ton 吨 TNA = trinitroaniline 三硝基苯胺 TNA = trinonylamine 三(正)壬胺 T.N.B.= trinitrobenzene 三硝基苯 TNOA = tri-n-octylamine 三正辛胺 TNP = trinonylphenol-phosphite 三壬基苯酚磷酸 TNP = trinonylphosphate 磷酸三壬酯 TNPP = tri-n-pentyl phosphate 磷酸三(正)戊酯 T.N.T.= trinitrotoluene 三硝基甲苯 TOA = trioctylamine 三辛胺 TOAC = troctylamine cellulose 三辛胺纤维素 TOC = total organic carbon 总有机碳(量) TOD = theoretical oxygen demand 理论需氧量 TOD = total oxygen demand 总需氧量 TOF = time-of-flight 飞行时间(方法) TOFMS = time-of-flight mass spectrometer 飞行时间质谱仪 tol.= tolerance ①容许量②耐量③容许误差 TOP = trioctylphosphate 磷酸三辛酯 TOPO = trioctyl phosphine oxide 三辛基氧膦 TOPS = trioctyl phosphine sulfide 三辛基硫磷 TOX = total oxidant 总氧化剂 TPA = terephthalic acid 对苯二甲酸 TPA = tetramethylene pentamine 四亚甲基五胺 TPA = tripropylamine 三丙胺 TPBS = tetrapropyl benzene sullonate 四聚丙烯(烷基)苯磺酸盐 TPG. ;T.P.G.= triphenyl guanidine 三苯胍 TPGC = temperature programmed gas chromatography 程序升温气相色谱法 TPN = triphosphopyridine-nucleotide 辅酶Ⅱ;三磷酸吡啶核苷酸 TPP = triphenylphosphate 磷酸三苯酯 TPP = tripolyphosphate 三聚磷酸盐 TPPC = tetraphenylphosphonium chloride 氯化四苯基磷 TPPO = triphenylphosphine oxide 三苯基氧膦 TPR = Technical Progress Report 技术进展报告[特种文献] TPRS = temperature programmed reaction spectrum 程序升温反应谱 tr.= trace ①痕量;微量②示踪③描;画 TR = technical regulations 技术规程 TR = temperature range 温度范围 Trans = transactions 会报 trans.= transfer 迁移;传递 trans.= transition ①过渡②转变 TRC = temperature record and control 温度记录和控制 TRE = total rare earth 总稀土(元素) trien = triethylene tetraamine 三亚乙基四胺 trim.= trimetric 斜方(晶)的 tr.pt.= transition point 转变点;转换点 TRT = temperature rise time 升温时间 TS = temperature switch 温度开关 TS = thermosetting 热固性 TS = total solids 总固态物 T.S.C.= total solid content 总固(体含)量 TSD;TSC = thermally stimulated discharge current 热释电 TSEE = thermally stimulated exo-electron emission 热激发外逸电子发射 TSPO = tristyrylphosphine oxide 三(苯乙烯基)氧磷 TSQ[MS] = triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer 三节四极质谱仪 TTA;HTTA.= thenoyltrifluoroacetone 噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮 TTA = triethylene tetramine 三亚乙基四胺 TTA = total thermal analysis 总热分析 TTHA = triethylene tetraaminehexaacetic acid 三亚乙基四胺六乙酸 TTPE = tri-tolyl phosphate 磷酸三甲苯酯 TU = thiourea 硫脲 T.U.= thermal unit 热单位 T.V.= television 电视 TVA = thermal volatilization analysls 热挥发分析 TVS = total volatiles solid 总挥发性固体量 T.W.= total weight 总重 Ty.= territory 领域;范围 TY = total yield 总收率;总产量 U u = atomic mass unit 原子质量单位[=1.6606 × 10-27 kg] U/C = unclassified ①未分类的②不保密的[文件) u.c.= uncorrected 未订正的 UCF = ultracentrifuge 超离心分离机 U.C.L.= upper control limit(质量)控制上限 UDC = universal decimal classification 国际十进分类法 UF = urea-formaldehyde 脲醛树脂 UF = ultrafiltration 超过滤 u.f. ;UF = ultra fine 超细粒子 u.f. ;UF = Urea formaldehyde 脲醛 u.f. ;UF = utilization factor 利用系数 UHF = ultra high frequency 超高频率 UHS = ultra-high speed 超高速 UHT = ultra-high-temperature 超高温 U/I = unidentified 未鉴别出的 U/K = unknown 未知的 U.L.= ultimate load 最大负荷 ult.= u1timate 最后的;极限的 u.m.= undermentioned 下述的 undecomp.= undecomposed 未分解的;不分解的 undil.= undiluted 未稀释的 undisol.= undissolved 不溶解的 unimol.= unimolecular 单分子的 uns. ;unsym.= unsymmetrical 不对称的 uasat.= unsaturated 不饱和的 unst.= unstable 不稳定的 uod = ultimate oxygen demand 最终需氧量;总需氧量 u.p.= under proof 不合格的;标准强度以下的 UPS = ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy 紫外光电子能谱学 U.S.B.S.= Unitedstates Bureau of Standards 美国标准局 U.S.P.= United States Pharmacopoeia 美国药典 U.S.Pat.= United States Patent 美国专利 UV;uv;U/V = ultraviolet ①紫外(线)的②紫外线 UVA = ultra-voilet absorption 紫外线吸收 UVF = UV fluorescence 紫外荧光 UV-PES;UPS = ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy 紫外光电子光谱学 UV-Vis.= ultraviolet-visible 紫外可见(光)的 U.W.= under water 水下的 V v.= volt;voltage 伏特;电压 v;V = specific volume 比容 v;V = volume ①容积;体积②卷 v;V = velocity 速度 Vac.= vaccum 真空 VA(c) = vinyl acetate 乙酸乙烯酯 Val;V = valine jie 氨酸 vap.= vapor;vaporize 水蒸气;汽化 var.= variable 变数;变量;可变因素 var.variety 变化;种类;多种多样 VB = valence bond 价键 VC = vinyl chloride 氯乙烯 VCM = volatile combustile matter 挥发性可燃物 VdG = Van der Graaf 静电加速器;范德格拉夫加速器 VE = velocity 速度 ver.= versus 对;与……相比 V.F.A.= volatile fatty acid 挥发性脂肪酸 VH = very hard 很硬的 VHF = very high frequency 甚高频 VHS = very high structure 超结构 VI = volume index 音量指数;容量指数 V.I.= viscosity index 粘度指数 v.I.= viscosity indicator 粘度指示器 viol.= violet 紫色的 vir.= viridis 绿色;绿的 vir.= virus 病毒 vis.visc.= viscosity 粘度 vis.= vision;visual;visible;visibility 视觉;视觉的;可见的;能见度 visc.= viscous 粘稠的;粘滞的 vitr.= vitreous ①玻璃状的②透明的 VL = vibration level 振动级 VLB = vinblastine 长春花碱 VLE = vapor-liquid equilibrium 汽液平衡 VLS = very low structure 超低结构 VLV = very low viscosity 超低粘度 V.M.= volatile matter 挥发物;挥发份 vol. ;Vol.= volume ①容积;体积②卷 voat.= volatile 挥发性的 v.p. ;V.P.= vapor pressu。

      蒸气压 V.P.C.= vapor-phase chromatography 气相色谱法 VPM;vpm = vibrations per minute 每分钟振荡数 vs = versus 对;与…比较;与……的关系 vs = very soft 很软的 VS = volatile solid 挥发性固体 v.s.= Very soluble 易溶(解)的 V/S = variable speed 变速 Vsp = specific volume 比容积 V.T. ;VT.= vacuum tube 真空管;电子管 VTR = video tape recorder 磁带录像机 VTS = volatile total solids 挥发性总固体(量) VUV = Vacuum ultraviolet 真空紫外 W w = wide 宽的[光谱线] W = watt 瓦特 w = wattmeter 瓦特计 W;w = width 宽度 W. ;w.= work 功 W.A.= width average 平均宽度 WAXD = wide-angle X-ray diffraction 宽角 X 射线衍射 WAXS = wide-angle X-ray scattering 宽角 X 射线散射 w.b.= wet bulb 湿球(温度计) WC = water-cooled 水冷式 WCOT = wall coated open tubular column 涂壁空心柱 W.Em.= water emulsion 水乳化液 wh.lt.= white light 白色光 Wh. ;whr = watt-hour 瓦时 WH;wh;Whr.= watt-hour 瓦(特小)时 w/o = without 无;不 W/O = water in oil 油包水;油中水滴型 wp;WP = waterproof 防水的 wp = wet process 湿法 wpfg = water-proofing 防水性 WPI = water pollution index 水(质)污染指数 WQI = water quality index 水质指数 IQM = water quality monitoring 水质监测 WRC = water-retention coefficient 保水系数 W.S.= water solution 水溶液 wt.= weight 重量 w.t.= water tight 不透水的;水密的 WTOT = wall treated open tubular column 处壁空心管柱 WWT = wastewater treatment 废水处理 WWW=World Wide Web 万维网 X XAFS = X-ray absorption fine structure X 射线吸收精细结构 XFA = X-ray fluorescence absorption X 射线荧光吸收 XO = xylennol orange 二甲酚橙 XPS = X-ray photoelectron spectrometry X 射线光电子光谱法 XRD = X-ray diffraction X 射线衍射 XRF = X-ray fluoroscopy X 射线荧光检查 XRF = X-ray fluorescence X 射线荧光 XTC = xylene trichloride 三氯代二甲苯 XU = X-unit X 单位(波长的单位,1XU=10-11cm) xyl.= xylene 二甲苯 Y YAG = yttrium aluminium garnet 钇铝石榴石 Y.B. ;y.b.= yearbook 年鉴;年刊 yel.= yellow 黄色;黄色的 YG = yellowish green 黄绿色 YP = yield point 屈伏点;流动点 YR;yr = year 年 YS = yield strength 屈伏强度 Z Z.B.X.= zinc butyl xanthate 丁基黄原酸锌 Z.C.= zone center 区域中心 ZIX = zinc isopropyl xanthate 异丙基黄原酸锌 ZL.= zero line 零线;基线 Z.M.= zone metering 分区计量 ZO = zinc oxide 氧化锌 zoochem.= zoochemistry 动物化学 ZO T test = zinc oxide thickening test 氧化锌增稠测验 ZP = zirconium phosphate 磷酸锆 ZPR = zero power reactor 零功率(反应)堆 Zry = zircaloy 锆合金 ZSAT = zinc sulfide atmosphere tracer 硫化锌大气示踪物 ZSD = zinc sulfide detector 硫化锌检测器 Z.S.T.test = zero strength time test 零强度时间测验 Z.S.T.test = zinc stability time test 氧化锌稳定度测验 ZST = zinc sulfide tracer 硫化锌示踪物 ZTP = zirconium-titanium phosphate 磷酸钛锆 Zy = zircaloy 锆合金 。

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