状语从句课件 【知识建构+精讲精练】高三英语二轮复习.pptx

Adverbial Clause状状语语从从句句考查特点考查特点能力要求能力要求用法归纳用法归纳时间状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句一一 状语从句高考的考查特点状语从句高考的考查特点1.1.试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词不同性质的连词;定语从句和名词性从句的干扰定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)2.2.题干句的题干句的情景化增强情景化增强,句意理解难度提高句意理解难度提高二能力要求：二能力要求：1.1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语 从句中从句中经常使用的连词经常使用的连词2.2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句 的的逻辑关系逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词从而能够使用恰当的连词 完成交际完成交际.3.3.能够辨别同类状语从句中能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的近似连词的 用法区别用法区别.三状语从句的定义、功能、分类三状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义定义：在复合句中作状语的从句：在复合句中作状语的从句功能功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。

结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末放在从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号从句前一般不用逗号一一.时间状语从句时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once,as soon as,etc.It will be two months before he comes back.It is two years since he smoked.2.名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment,the minute,the second,the instant,etc.(一一就就);every time,each time,the last time,the first time,etc.Ill tell him the minute(that)he gets here.I started the very moment I got your letter.3.副词类（由副词充当引导词）：副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately,directly,instantly,etc.(一一.就就.)4.句型类：句型类：no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely when,etc.(一一就就)e.g.I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.The machine will start instantly you press the button.e.g She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted.Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.注意注意:用于句首时应引起用于句首时应引起部分倒装部分倒装,且前部分一般且前部分一般用用过去完成时过去完成时_(下课的时候下课的时候),we began our writing.John sings_（边走）（边走）._（我们看电视的时候）（我们看电视的时候）,he was writing a composition.When the lesson was overas he walksWhile we were watching TV注意：注意：1.when,as,while 的区别的区别when:持续性非持续性动词都可持续性非持续性动词都可as:当；一边当；一边一边；随着一边；随着while:持续性动词进行持续性动词进行2.till,until和和notuntil小结：小结：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止停止”。

如：如：We waited until he came.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”如：He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以如：可以如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：句型中的强调和倒装说法：It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.3.连接词连接词before的小结：的小结：一、含义1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.“才才”“不到不到就就”“趁趁”“还没来得及还没来得及”二Before从句中谓语不用否定式从句中谓语不用否定式。

如：Before they reached the station,the train had gone.三1）句型句型It will be/was段时间段时间before“还要过多久才还要过多久才”如如：It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）句型句型It will not be/was not一段时间一段时间before“不多不多久就久就”如：It wasnt two years before he left the country.4.Since的句型的句型句型It is段时间since时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起如：It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班有三年了It is three years since he lived here二二.条件状语从句条件状语从句 1.引导词引导词:if,unless,as long as(=so long as),in case(that),onconditionthat,provided/providingthat,ifonly/onlyif,granted,granting,given,assuming,supposing/suppose etc.Ive waited here for about half an hour._I myself could drive a car!A.Only if B.If only C.If D.OnlyMost animals have little connection with animals of a different kind,_they hunt them for food.A.If B.while C.unless D.as 2.非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气Eg.If you _（接受）（接受）your teachers advice,you wouldnt have failed the exam.3.真实条件句中的时态真实条件句中的时态:e.g.If it _（下雨）（下雨）tomorrow,I will not go out.had takenrains unless 与与if not 的用法的用法：If you dont start at once,you will miss the train.Unless you start at once,you will miss the train.unless 在意义上相当于在意义上相当于if not 常可以换用常可以换用In case he comes,let me know.You can go out,as/so long as you promise to be back before eleven.I will come again tomorrow provided(that)I have time.(=if)Supposing(that)it rains tomorrow,what shall we do?(=if)Unless you tell him yourself,hell lose faith in you completely.Well let you use the room on condition that/provided that you keep it clean and tidy.because直接原因，非推断语气最强直接原因，非推断语气最强回答回答whysince 通常放句首译为通常放句首译为“既然既然”as 不谈自明的原因不谈自明的原因，语气最弱，语气最弱for 放句中，引导后半句表原因放句中，引导后半句表原因。

三三.原因状语从句原因状语从句1 1引引引引导导导导原原原原因因因因状状状状语语语语从从从从句句句句最最最最常常常常用用用用的的的的连连连连词词词词是是是是 because,because,since,since,和和和和asas，所所所所引引引引导导导导的的的的从从从从句句句句可可可可以以以以放放放放在在在在主主主主句句句句之之之之前前前前，也也也也可可可可放放放放在在在在主主主主句句句句之之之之后后后后其其其其中中中中 becausebecause语语语语势势势势最最最最强强强强，sincesince次次次次之，之，之，之，asas又次之1.在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用引导，不可用as或或since.2.because可以引导表语从句可以引导表语从句,而而as,since不可以，这不可以，这时主语一般都是时主语一般都是it,this,that It was _ he was ill that he didnt go with us.Its_ he is too lazy.3.since表示表示“既然既然”，只能放主句前，只能放主句前._you are here,you must do it.because用用because,as,since 填空填空becauseSince1.John didnt come to school _ 。