英语语法经典例题800例.docx

英语语法典型例题800例：非谓语动词（例题1）　　【导语】英语语法让诸多学生都头疼，由于复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆为人们整顿了英语语法大全，但愿对同窗们的英语语法学习有所协助更多内容尽在　　1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.　　A. enter B. to enter　　C. entering D. entered　　【陷阱】容易误选A有的同窗一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter　　【分析】其实对的答案应是B此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语请再看类似例句：　　(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 她们尽量安慰她。

　　(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 她们尽一切力量拯救她的性命　　(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 她拼命学习以便赶上她的同窗　　值得指出的是，这也并不是说此后只要遇到类似构造的题就一定选带to不定式请看如下试题：　　(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.　　A. to hope B. hope　　C. hoping D. hoped　　此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的目前分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作随着状语　　(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.　　A. practise B. to practise　　C. practising D. practised　　此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。

若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.　　(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could ____D____ his oral English.　　A. improve B. to improve　　C. improving D. to improving　　此题答案选D，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……奉献给……”;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词　　2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.　　A. doing B. to do　　C. being doing D. to be done　　【陷阱】容易误选B，根据 can’t help doing sth 这一构造推出　　【分析】其实答案应选A比较如下构造：　　can’t help to do sth = 不能协助做某事　　can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事　　又如下面一题，答案也是 B：　　She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.　　A cleaning B. to clean　　C. cleaned D. being cleaned　　再请看如下试题：　　While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.　　A. to persuade B. persuading　　C. being persuaded D. be persuaded　　此题应选C，句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动形式)。

　　3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.　　A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing　　C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing　　【陷阱】几种干扰项均有也许误选　　【分析】此题最佳答案为B现分析如下：　　(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，重要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式　　(2) 选A错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以　　(3) 选B对的：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格构造，用作状语　　(4) 选C错误：由于all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted　　(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简朴句没有必要的连接方式，因此从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为 being也可选它。

英语语法典型例题800例：虚拟语调（例题）　　【导语】英语语法让诸多学生都头疼，由于复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆为人们整顿了英语语法大全，但愿对同窗们的英语语法学习有所协助更多内容尽在　　1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.　　A. will show B. would show　　C. am going to show D. am showing　　【陷阱】几种干扰项均有也许误选　　【分析】对的答案选B根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐具有一种虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我没忘掉我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了)　　2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”　　A. He’d better give up drinking　　B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much　　C. Health is more important than drink　　D. I wonder why he is always doing so　　【陷阱】几种干扰项均有也许误选，重要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。

　　【分析】最佳答案为D核心信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语调，句子既然用了虚拟语调，也就是说，“她喝醉了”不是事实，只是她的言行仿佛是醉了，因此此题的最佳答案是D　　3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”　　A. do B. are　　C. will D. would　　【陷阱】容易误选A或C选A者，觉得前后两句的动词性质应一致;选C者，觉得其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语调上看，主句应用将来时态　　【分析】此题最佳答案为D分析如下：　　(1) “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一种很有用的构造，它表达“……也同样”时如：　　He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 她喜欢看电视，我也同样　　When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失　　(2) 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语调(这是很重要的信息)，因此主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D。

英语语法典型例题800例：强调句（例题）　　【导语】英语语法让诸多学生都头疼，由于复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆为人们整顿了英语语法大全，但愿对同窗们的英语语法学习有所协助更多内容尽在　　1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.　　A. It was we being late B. It was our being late　　C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late　　【陷阱】此题容易误选D，觉得强调的是因素状语从句 because we were late　　【分析】但事实上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：　　Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.　　注意，强调句的一种明显特点是，若去掉强调构造 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立;换句话说，该构造中的 that 不能充当句子成分。

　　2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”　　A. it that B. he that　　C. it when D. he which　　【陷阱】几种干扰项均也许误选　　【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：　　It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.　　比较如下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：　　(1) Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?　　A. since B. as C. that D. he　　答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 此类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的Tom 提问而得)　　(2) What is it _____ his daughter needs most?　　A. what B. which C. that D. if　　答案选C，被强调成分为 。