青少年强迫现象及其发展特点.doc

ÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÏÖÏó¼°Æä·¢Õ¹Ìصã ÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÏÖÏó¼°Æä·¢Õ¹Ìص㠡¾Ó¢ÎıêÌâ¡¿Obsessive-Compulsive Phenomenon in AdolescentsLI ZhanJing,QIU BingWu & WANG JiShengBeijing Anding Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science,Beijing 100088 ¡¾×÷ Õß¡¿ÀîÕ¼½­/Çñ±þÎä/Íõ¼«Ê¢ ¡¾×÷Õß¼ò½é¡¿ÀîÕ¼½­¡¡Ê׶¼Ò½¿Æ´óѧ¸½Êô±±¾©°²¶¨Ò½Ôº¡¡(100088)Çñ±þÎä¡¡Íõ¼«Ê¢¡¡Öйú¿ÆѧԺÐÄÀíÑо¿Ëù¡¡(100101) ¡¾ÄÚÈÝÌáÒª¡¿Ä¿µÄ£ºÌ½ÌÖÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÏÖÏó¼°Æä·¢Õ¹Ìص㡣·½·¨£ºÒÔ°àΪµ¥Î»ÓÃLOI-CVµ÷²é±±¾©ÊÐËÄËùÖÐѧÁù¸öÄ꼶72¸ö°àµÄѧÉú£¬ÊÕ»ØÓÐЧÎʾí3185·Ý¡£Æ½¾ùÄêÁä14.68±1.75Ë꣬ÄÐÉúÕ¼52.2%¡£½á¹û£ºÖÐѧÉúLOI-CVÊÇ£¯·ñµÃ·Ö£ºÄÐ8.65±3.56£¬Å®8.61±3.40£»¸ÉÈÅ·Ö£ºÄÐ9.42±7.42£¬Å®8.50±6.97¡£ÕûÆëÇå½àÒò×ÓÊÇ£¯·ñ·ÖÅ®Éú¸ßÓÚÄÐÉú(F[,3104,1]=13.85,P£¼0.001)¶ø¼ì²éÖظ´Òò×ÓÄÐÉú¸ßÓÚÅ®Éú(F[,3115,1]=15.52,P£¼0.001)¡£×ܸÉÈÅ·ÖÄÐÉú¸ßÓÚÅ®Éú(P£¼0.05)£¬Ä꼶¶Ô×ܸÉÈÅ·Ö¼°ÆäËĸöÒò×ÓµÄÖ÷ЧӦ¾ù´ïÏÔÖøÐÔˮƽ(F[,3076-3092,5]=3.02¡«18.59,P£¼0.05)¡£Ç¿ÆÈÖ¢×´×ܼì³öÂÊΪ13.6%£¬ÇÒÄÐÉú¸ßÓÚÅ®Éú(X[2]=5.40,P£¼0.05)¡£ÄÐÉú¸÷Ä꼶¼äÇ¿ÆÈÖ¢×´¼ì³öÂʵIJîÒì¾ßÓÐÏÔÖøÐÔ(X[2]=22.81,df=5,P£¼001)£¬Å®ÉúÄ꼶¼äµÄ²îÒìÎÞÏÔÖøÐÔ(X[2]=5.50,P£¾0.05)¡£½áÂÛ£ºÖÐѧÉúÆÕ±é´æÔÚÇ¿ÆÈÐÔÌåÑ飬ÄÐÉúÒÔ¼ì²éÓëÖظ´ÄÚÈݶà¼û£¬Å®ÉúÒÔÕûÆëÓëÇå½àÄÚÈݵļ¸Âʽϸߡ£Ç¿ÆÈÏÖÏó¾ßÓÐËæÄêÁäÔö³¤¶ø³ÊËÆ'W'Ð͵ķ¢Õ¹ÇúÏß¡£Ç¿ÆÈÖ¢×´×ܼì³öÂÊΪ13.6%£¬¾ßÓÐÔÚÐÂÈëѧºÍ¼´½«±ÏÒµµÄÄ꼶ѧÉúÖнϸߵÄÌص㣬ÌáʾÔÚÖÐѧ¿ªÕ¹ÐÄÀí½¡¿µ½ÌÓý¸ÉÔ¤ÊǷdz£±ØÒªºÍ½ôÆȵġ£ ¡¾Õª Òª Ìâ¡¿ÐÄÀí½¡¿µÓë×Éѯ ¡¾Ó¢ÎÄÕªÒª¡¿Objective:To explore obsessive-compulsive phenomenon in adolescents.Method:3185 adolescents aged 15±2 year-old(52% male)were measured with Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version(LOI-CV).Result:Total yes/no score of LOI-CV:male 8.65±3.56,female 8.61±3.40.Interfering score:male 9.42±7.42,female 8.50±6.97.The yes/no score of cleanliness and tidiness was higher in female than in male,while that of checking and repetition was higher in male than in female.The total interfering score was also higher in male.The main effect of grade on the total and four factor scores were significant (F=3.02-18.59,P£¼0.05).The screening out ratio of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was 13.6%,with higher ratio in male than in female(X[2]=5.40,P£¼0.05).Grades had significant effect on screening out ratio in male,but not in female.Conclusion:Obsessive-Compulsive experiences are common in adolescents.Obsessive compulsive phenomenon manifests as"W"curve with grades.The total screening out ratio of obsessive-compulsive symptom was 13.6%,with higher ratio in male,and higher ratio in students just admitted or before graduation. ¡¾¹Ø ¼ü ´Ê¡¿ÐÄÀíѧ/Ç¿ÆÈÏÖÏó/¶ÏÃæµ÷²é/ÇàÉÙÄê/LOI-CVpsychology obsessive-compulsive cross-section investigation adolescents LOI-CVËæ×ÅѧУËØÖʽÌÓý¹¤×÷µÄ¿ªÕ¹£¬ÖÐѧÉúÐÄÀí½¡¿µËØÖʵÄÅàÑøÔ½À´Ô½Êܵ½½ÌÓýºÍÐÄÀíÎÀÉú¹¤×÷ÕßµÄÖØÊÓ¡£×î½ü¹úÄÚµ÷²éÏÔʾ£¬ÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÎÊÌâÓÈΪͻ³ö£¬ÓëÒÖÓô¡¢½¹ÂÇÒ»ÑùÊÇÓ°ÏìÇàÉÙÄêÐÄÀí½¡¿µµÄÖØÒªÎÊÌâÖ®Ò»[1]¡£¹úÄÚȱ·¦ÓйØÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÐÔÕÏ°­µÄÁ÷Ðв¡Ñ§×ÊÁÏ¡£¹úÍâµÄµ÷²éÏÔʾ£¬ÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÐÔÕÏ°­µÄ»¼²¡ÂÊΪ3¡«3.4%£¬Äê·¢²¡ÂÊΪ0.7%£¬ÑÇÁÙ´²Ç¿ÆÈÐÔÕÏ°­µÄ»¼²¡Âʸߴï19%£¬Äê·¢²¡ÂÊΪ8.4%[2-4]¡£ÁÙ´²¾«Éñ²¡Ñ§µÄÑо¿·¢ÏÖ£¬Ô¼1/3¡«1/2µÄ³ÉÄêÇ¿ÆÈÐÔÕÏ°­»¼Õß·¢²¡ÓÚÇàÉÙÄêʱÆÚ[5]¡£ËùÒÔ£¬´Ó·¢Õ¹²¡ÀíÐÄÀíѧµÄ½Ç¶È³ö·¢À´Ñо¿ÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÏÖÏó¼°Æä·¢Õ¹±ä»¯µÄ¹æÂÉ£¬²»½ö¿ÉÒÔ¼ÓÉî¶ÔÇàÉÙÄêÇ¿ÆÈÏÖÏóµÄÀí½â£¬¶øÇÒ¶ÔÇàÉÙÄêÐÄÀíËØÖʽÌÓý¼°ÁÙ´²¹¤×÷Ò²¾ßÓÐÖ¸µ¼ÒâÒå¡£¡¡¡¡¶ÔÏóÓë·½·¨¶ÔÏó¡¡ÔÚ±±¾©Êк£µíÇøºÍÎ÷ÓòÇøËÄËùÖÐѧÁù¸öÄ꼶ÖÐÕû°à³éÈ¡72¸ö°à£¬Ã¿¸öÄ꼶12¸ö°à£¬¹²3221ÃûѧÉú¡£ÊÕ»ØÓÐЧÎʾí3185·Ý£¬ÓÐЧӦ´ðÂÊΪ98.9%¡£ÄêÁäΪ12¡«19Ë꣬ƽ¾ù14.68±1.75Ëê¡£ÄÐÉúÕ¼52.2%£¬Å®ÉúÕ¼47.4%£¬ÐÔ±ð²»ÏêÕ¼0.4%£¨11Ãû£©£¬Ä꼶²»Ïê2Ãû¡£ÉÙÊýÃñ×åѧÉúÕ¼6.8%¡£³õÒ»Õ¼17.2%£¬³õ¶þÕ¼17.6%£¬³õÈýÕ¼17.5%£¬¸ßÒ»Õ¼17.2%£¬¸ß¶þÕ¼16.4%£¬¸ßÈýÕ¼14.1%¡£·½·¨¡¡¹¤¾ß£ºÀ³¶ÙÇ¿ÆÈÎÊ¾í£¨¶ùͯ°æ£©(LOI-CV)¹²20Ì⣬ÓÉÀîÕ¼½­µÈÐÞ¶©£¬°üÀ¨ÐÒÔËÊý×Ö¡¢ÕûÆëÇå½à¡¢¼ì²éÖظ´ºÍÒ»°ãÇ¿ÆÈ˼άËĸöÒò×Ó¡£²ÉÓñʴð·½Ê½¶ÔÎÊÌâµÄ´æÔÚÓë·ñºÍ¸ÉÈų̶ȽøÐÐ×ÔÎÒÆÀ·Ö¡£¸ÉÈÅÆÀ·ÖΪÎÞ¸ÉÈÅ(0)¡¢Óеã¶ù¸ÉÈÅ(1)¡¢²¿·Ö¸ÉÈÅ(2)ºÍÐí¶à¸ÉÈÅ(3)Ëļ¶¡£ÔÚÎÒ¹ú³ÇÊÐÖÐѧÉúÖÐÓ¦ÓþßÓÐÁ¼ºÃµÄÐÅ¡¢Ð§¶ÈÖ¸±ê[6]¡£Îʾíµ÷²éÖ÷ÒªÒÔ°àΪµ¥Î»¼¯Ìå½øÐУ¬²¿·Ö±»ÊÔÒòȱϯ¶ø½øÐиö±ð²¹²â¡£ÓÉÓڰ༶½Ï¶à£¬Ã¿°àÓÉ°àÖ÷ÈÎÀÏʦά³Ö½ÌÊÒÖÈÐò£¬Ñо¿ÕßѲÊÓ¸÷½ÌÊÒ£¬¶ÔÓÐÒÉÄÑÎÊÌâµÄѧÉú½øÐбØÒªµÄ½â´ð¡£°àÖ÷ÈÎÀÏʦ²»×¼´ðÒÉ¡£ÔÚÿ´Îµ÷²éÇ°ÓÉÑо¿ÕßÏò±»ÊÔ½²½âÑо¿µÄÄ¿µÄ¡¢ÒâÒå¼°ÓÃ;£¬ÌرðÇ¿µ÷²âÊÔ½á¹û¾ø¶Ô±£ÃÜÇÒÓëѧУ¹ÜÀíºÍÆÀÓÅÎ޹ء£È»ºó¶ÔÎʾíµÄÖ¸µ¼Óï½øÐн²½â£¬È·±£±»ÊÔÍêÈ«Àí½âÎʾíµÄÒªÇóºó²Å¿ªÊ¼´ð¾í¡£´ð¾íÔ¼Ðè5¡«10·ÖÖÓ¡£¼«¶Ë»Ø´ðÎʾíÒÔ¼°Â©´ð»òÖظ´Ñ¡´ðÌâÄ¿Êý³¬¹ý2ÌâµÄÎʾíÈ·¶¨ÎªÎÞЧ´ð¾í£¬²»¼ÇÈëͳ¼Æ¡£Ó¦ÓÃSPSS10.0½øÐÐÊý¾ÝµÄͳ¼Æ·ÖÎö£¬Ö÷Ҫͳ¼Æ·½·¨ÓÐÒ»°ãͳ¼ÆÃèÊö¡¢¶àÒòËØ·½²î·ÖÎö¡¢¶àÖرȽϺͿ¨·½¼ìÑé¡£¡¡¡¡½á¹ûÒ»¡¢ÖÐѧÉúLOI-CVµÃ·Ö½á¹ûLOI-CVÊÇ£¯·ñµÃ·ÖÇé¿ö£¨±í1£©£ºÓɱí1¿É¼û£¬ÖÐѧÉúÁù¸öÄ꼶ÔÚLOI-CVÊÇ£¯·ñ×Ü·Ö¼°ËĸöÒò×ÓÉϾùÓе÷֡£×ÜÌåÉϽ²£¬ÖÐѧÉúÓÐ8¸öÒÔÉÏÌõÄ¿»Ø´ðΪ“ÊÇ”£¬ÕûÆëºÍÇå½àÒò×Ó¼°Ò»°ãÇ¿ÆÈ˼άÒò×ÓÓÐ3¸öÒÔÉÏÌõÄ¿»Ø´ðΪ“ÊÇ”¡£2.LOI-CV¸ÉÈÅ·Ö½á¹û£¨±í2£©£ºÔÚ±í2ÖÐÏÔʾ£¬Áù¸öÄ꼶ѧÉúÔÚLOI-CV×ܸÉÈŷֺ͸÷Òò×Ó¸ÉÈÅ·ÖÉϾùÓе÷֣¬ÆäÖУ¬ÕûÆëºÍÇå½àÒò×Ó¼°Ò»°ãÇ¿ÆÈ˼άÒò×ӵĸÉÈŵ÷ֽϸߡ£3.Ç¿ÆÈÖ¢×´¼ì³öÂÊ£ºÒÔÊÇ£¯·ñ·Ö≥15»ò¸ÉÈÅ·Ö≥20ΪǿÆÈÖ¢×´µÄ»®½çµã£¨ÌØÒì¶È96.4%£¬ÁéÃô¶È70%£©[7]£¬ÔÚËùµ÷²éµÄ3185ÃûÖÐѧÉúÖУ¬¹²¼ì³öÓÐÇ¿ÆÈÖ¢×´µÄѧÉú434ÈË£¬×ܼì³öÂÊΪ13.6%¡£ÆäÖУ¬ÄÐÐÔΪ15.0%£¬Å®ÐÔΪ12.2%¡£¸÷Ä꼶¼ì³öÇé¿ö¼û±í3¡£¡¡¡¡±í3¡¡3185ÃûÖÐѧÉúÖÐ。