最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配.docx

最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般过 去时yesterday(afternoon), last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now, today, this week etc.一般现 在时频度 adv.every …,on/at/over weekends, once a week一般将来时next year, tomorrow, in the future,before long etc.现在进 行时now,right now, at present,at this moment, these days过去进this morning, the whole morning, all day, this time yesterday, from 9行时to 10 last evening…when, while, then etc.现在完 成时for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently, before etc.过去完 成时by the time, until, when, after, since, (long) before etc.现在完 成进行 时all this time, this week(month..), all night(the morning), recently,及 since和for引导的状语过去将 来时多用在间接弓语中表示发生在谓 语动作以后的动作一、一般现在时1. 表示经常习惯的动作（频率词）It often snows here. He gets up at 6every day.2. 表示主语现在的特征或状态He loves sports. We are in the same class.3. 表示永恒不变的真理和事实或格言警句Knowledge is power. The sun rises in the east.特殊用法：1.按计划（时间表/时刻表/日程表）将要发生， 句中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时, 要用一般现在时1.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! FlightC. will be taken D. has taken2.The train _leaves_ at three this afternoon.2•状语从句“主将从现”…时间、条件、方 式、让步状语从句中用现在时表示将来“ 主 将 从 现 ” if/when/until/as soon as/though...一般现在时:表示将要发生的动作 现在完成时:表示将来已经完成的动作1.If their marketing plans succeed, they _A_A. will increase B. have been increasingC. have increased D. would be increasing2.I _C_ leave at the end of this month.Really? I don't think you should leave until you __ another job.A. am going to, find B. will, will foundC. am going to, have found D. will, had found二、一般过去时1.表在过去发生的和现在没有联系的动作或 状态明示 :yesterday, ago, last …, just now, in 1990暗示:when I was a little girl, when he puton his coat2.描述过去的情况言外之意:只有过去如此 现在并非如此Edward, you play so well. But I __ youplayedthe piano. （2009 全国 I）A. didn't know B. hadn't known （A）C. don't know D. haven't known三、一般将来时1.表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态I'll return you the book next week. She'll be twenty years old next year.2.表示一种倾向或习惯动作We'll die without air or water. Whenever I'm in trouble, he'll come to help me.表示将来时的六种形式①will /shall +动词原形（单纯的将来/说 话时的临时决定）② be going to do（客观计划）③ be about to do（即将/马上要做某事）④ be to do( 表 示 职 责 命 令 , 相 当 于 should/must;或表示“注定”）（可用于条件句中）⑤be doing（瞬间动词用表将来）⑥一般现在时（强调动作“列入日程”）1） be going to 表示即将发生的或最近打算 进行的事情，而will表示谈话时临时决定的 意图，具有临时性和偶然性。

— Kate is in hospital.A）— Oh, really? I . visit her.A. didn't know; I'll go and B.don't know; I'll go andC. don't know; I'm going to D.didn't know; I'm going to---Alice, why didn't you come yesterday? （C）---I , but I had an unexpectedvisitor.A. had B. would C. was going to D. did2） be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生 的事而 will 不能表示Look at the clouds! It's going to rain.3） be about to do =be on the point of doing 表示说话时就要发生的动作，不与表示将来 的时间状语连用常构成句型： ・・・be about todo・・・when・・・・when 并列连词 就在这时I was about to leave when it rained.4）. be to do表示约定，计划~be going to;职 责、义务;命令、要求;可以；想要；不可避 免,注定要发生的事等 （过去式 was/were to do） be to do 可用于条件从句中The Queen is to visit Japan in a week's time・（计划）You are to report to the police・（要求）You are not to make noises in the classroom•（命令）Such people are to be found everywhere.（可以）If we are to be there before ten, we'll have to go now•（想要）This discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of heart disease.（注定要发 生）You are to answer for what you havedone.・（注定要发生）Even if the sun were to rise in the west, I would never do such a thing.（虚拟条件句）5) 某 些 瞬 间 动 词 “go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用现 在进行时表示将要发生的动作。

B. have taken C.I've won a holiday for two to Floria. I ___my mum. （A）A. am taking take D. will have been 6)一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船 飞机等时刻表中安排好的The plane leaves tomorrow.（ 尽 管 有 tomorrow, 但没有 will ,be going to ）四、现在进行时1•此刻正在进行的动作(look, listen, now)We are having an English lesson now.2•短期内持续的动作(当时不一定在进行)I'm preparing for the test these months.3.与 always, usually, all the time, forever, continually, constantly 连用，表示某种情绪,You are always forgetting the important things.My teacher is forever criticizing us.My wife is asking me for money all the time.特殊用法：1. 现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用 于下列动词： go ,come, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take 等。

We're moving to the new building next week.2. 表示“存在,所有,知觉,认识,感情”等状态 的词一般不用于进行时态 存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of , contain所有： have ,belong to , possess, own , hold知觉：sound（听起来），look /seem /appear （看起来）,smell（闻起来）,taste（尝起来）feel （摸起来）, see ,hear认 识 ： understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think情感： like, love, hate , prefer,3.表示委婉意义某些动词，如hope, want, wonder等与 进行时连用时，常探询式地表示一种愿望或 态度此用法在语言上 显得含蓄、委婉, 如果改用现在时,则显得不那么隐讳且稍欠 礼貌I'm hoping to borrow some money.我希 望借些钱I was wondering if you could help me.不知道你能否帮助我4・be有时可用于进行时，强调短暂的行为或 表示“故意”；而一般现在时则表示永久的特 征。

你这样说不谦You are not being modest.虚You are not modest.心的人你不是一个虚You are being stupid.涂/你这是一时糊。