英语常见前缀后缀词根总结.doc
42页一、英语常用前缀 1. a-(分词变化 = ge) afford予以 2. a- = away from远离 avert转移 3. a- = from从,自,of …的,out of 出自…,ago…此前 4. a- = not无 apathy淡漠 5. a- = one一种 aught一件事物 6. a- = on在…上,in在…内,to到,向,给…,into进入;构成副词或形容词等 abed在床上 7. acro- = highest最高 acrobat杂技演员 8. ad- = to到 ascend登高 9. after- = following aftercare调养 10. all- = quite构成形容词和副词 almighty全能的 11. allo- = another另一 allochroic变色的 12. am- = both两 ambient周边的 13. amphi- = both两 amphibia两栖类 14. an- = against由动词构成动词 answer回答 15. ana- = again再 anabaptism再洗礼论 16. ant- = against反对 antacid解酸药 17. ante- = before in time or place在前 antecedent先行的 18. apo- = off离开 aphasia失语症 19. apsis = the hoop of a wheel铁环 apsis教堂半圆形的后殿 20. apteros = without wing无翅的 apterous无翅的 21. Araps = Arab Arab阿拉伯人 22. arch- = archi为首的 Archaean太古代的 23. arist- = best最优越 aristocracy贵族统治 24. arithmos = a number数 arithmetic算术 25. aster- = a star星 asterisk小星 26. astro- = astron星 astronomy星学 27. at- = at atone一致 28. aut- = self自身 autarchy绝对主权 29. a- 加强语调,即增添语势或予以强调 away离开 30. be- (古英语by的字形)构成介词和副词的一部分 before此前 31. be- (古英语by的字形)加强动词的语调或意义 bedaub涂 32. be- (古英语by的字形)使不及物动词变为及物动词 bespeak祈求 33. be- (古英语by的字形)由名词或形容词构成动词 befriend亲近 34. be- (古英语by的字形)与名词结合 behalf利益 35. bene- = well好(另见词根bene) benefactor捐助人 36. bi- = twice二 bicycle二轮脚踏车 37. by- = by旁 by-lane小巷 38. cat- = down下 cat-acoustics反响论 39. circum- = around周边 circumference圆周 40. cis- = on this side在这一边 cisalpine在阿尔卑斯山脉这一边的 41. contra- = against反对 contradict辩驳 42. cum- ( = 希腊语的syn-,法语的com-) = with同 coequal互相平等的 43. de- = away from分开 depart离开 44. de- = down向下 degrade使降级 45. de- = negative否认或剥夺等意义 decamp逃走 46. dec- = ten十 decadal十的 47. demi- = half半 demigod半神半人 48. de-增强动词的语势 depict描绘 49. dia- = through贯穿 diabetes糖尿病 50. dis- = twice二 dissyllabic双音节的 51. dis-表达分离 dismiss不考虑 52. dis-表达否认 disagree不合 53. dis-表达相反 disband解散 54. dis-加强动词语势 discern看出 55. duo- = two二 dual双的 56. dys- = ill不良 dysentery痢疾 57. e- (古英语ge) enough足够 58. e- = out出 eject驱逐 59. ecto- = outside外部 ectoderm外皮 60. en-(法语化的形式,在b、m、p之前用em-) = in在内部 endear使受爱慕 61. en- = in在内 encage禁闭 62. en- = in在内部 emblem象征 63. endo- (在元音前作end-) = within内 endoblast内胚层 64. ep- = at在…之上 eparch主教 65. equl- = equal相等 equal相等的 66. eu- = well良好 eubacteria真细菌类 67. ex- = from离 educate教育 68. ex- = out外 eschatology末世学 69. extra- = beyond超过 extramural市外的 70. for (古英语for = Lat. per) = against反对;表达“排斥”或“克制”等 forgo放弃 71. for (古英语for = Lat. per) = thoroughly彻底地加强语意的前缀 forbid严禁 72. fore- = before构成名词和动词 forecast预测 73. forth-向前 forward向前的 74. gain-(古英语gegn) = again gainsay否认 75. ge- = earth地球 geoanticline地背斜 76. gyr- = ring环 gyral旋转的 77. heli- = sun太阳 heliac太阳的 78. hemato- = blood血 hemal血的 79. hemi- = half半 hemicrania偏头痛 80. hendeca = eleven十一 hendecagon十一边形 81. hepat- = the liver肝脏 hepatic肝的 82. hept- = seven七 heptad七价物 83. heter- = another其她 heteroauxin吲哚乙酸 84. hex- = six六 hexachord六音音阶 85. hier- = sacred上帝的 hierarch大主教 86. hist- = web组织 histochemistry组织化学 87. homo- = same同一 homocentric同中心的 88. hydr- = water水 hydra九头蛇 89. hyet- = rain雨 hyetal雨的 90. Hygeia = healthy健康的 hygeian健康的 91. hygro- = wet湿气 hygrograph湿度计 92. hyl- = matter物质 hylic物质的 93. hymen- = membrane膜 hymen处女膜 94. hyp- = under低下 hypaesthesia神经衰弱 95. hyper- = over过 hyperaemia充血 96. hypn- = sleep睡眠 hypnogenesis催眠 97. hypso- = height高度 hypsometry测高术 98. hyster- = womb子宫 hysteresis滞后 99. i- (分词变化 = ge) handiwork手工 100. in- = in进入(在现代英语中浮现两种形式;由动词构成名词和动词等) income收入 101. in- = in在内 include涉及 102. in- = not不 incorrect不对的的 103. indi- = within在内 indigent缺少的 104. inter- = between在…之中 105. is- = equal相等的 isobar等压线 106. Juxta- = near接近 juxtapose使并置 107. lith- = stone石 lithograph平板 108. mal- = badly坏 malcontent不满的 109. meg- = great大 megabuck一百万元 110. mes- = middle中间 mesial中间的 111. met- = with带有 meta-basis主题的转移 112. mis- (古英语mis) = amiss并与动词to miss有关联 misdeed罪行 113. mis- = less少 misadvised错误的劝告 114. mult- = much许多 multangular多角的 115. n- = not naught无 116. ne- = not不 neutral中立的 117. neo- = new新 neoanthropic新人的 118. nepho- = cloud云 nephology云学 119. nephr- = kidney肾 nephritic肾 120. neur- = nerve神经 neural神经的 121. non- = not不 nonessential非本质的 122. ob- = against反 object反对 123. oct- = eight八 octad八个一组 124. ocul- = eye眼 ocular眼睛的 125. of- = of offal废物 126. on- = on为前置词或副词的on所转成,有时用“a-”表达 onset袭击 127. ophthalm- = eye眼 ophthalmia眼炎 128. optos = seen眼的 optic眼的 129. or- = out ordeal神裁法 130. oste- = bone骨 osteitis骨炎 131. ot- = ear耳 otitis耳炎 132. out- = out附在动词、名词、分词或形容词前,构成动词、名词、形容词,表达“出,向外,在外;远”等意义 outbid出价高于 133. over- = above;above中ove的比较级与动词结合 over-brim满出 134. over- = above;above中ove的比较级与名词结合 over-bridge天桥 135. over- = above;above中ove的比较级与形容词结合 over-busy太忙的 136. pan- = all全 panacea万应药 137. par- = beside旁 parable寓言 138. pen- = almost几乎 penult倒数第二的 139. per- = through通过 perfect完善的 140. peri- = about周边 perianth花被 。





