电机_体化运行维护为工业发展创造机遇.doc

电机_体化运行维护为工业发展创造机遇随着我国电子技术与微电子技术的快速发展，机电一体 化技术也有很大的进步，在现代机电控制中有更多的应用， 为机电一体化的发展带来很大的促进作用作为现代工业技 术中重要的部分之一，电机一体化技术为我国机械工业的发 展创造更多的机遇首先介绍机电一体化技术的发展历程与 现状，接着阐述机电一体化中电动机构的组成及工作原理， 然后探讨机电一体化中电机阀位及速度控制与机电一体化 中电机的运行维护With the rapid development of electronic technology and the microelectronic technology, electromechanical integration technology has made great progress, there are more and more used in modern mechanical and electrical control, greatly promote the development of electromechanica 1 integrat ion. As one of the important parts in the modern i ndu s t r i a 1 technology, and create more opportunities for the development of electric integration technology of mechanical industry of china. Development course and present situation of the electromechanical integration technology is introduced firstly, and then elaborated on the composi t ion and working principle of the electric mechanism of electromechanica1 integration， and then explore the motor valve position and velocity control and electromechanical integration in the operation and maintenance of electromechanical integrat ion.近些年来，机电一体化技术有了更全面的进步，其中的 微电子装置除可取代某些机械部件的原有功能外，还能赋予 自动显示记录、自动处理信息、自动检测、自动调节与控制 自动诊断与保护等许多新的功能。

目前一些电动的实际运行 中依然存在着一定的问题，比如执行机构机构多、定位精度 低、结构复杂、可靠性差等问题，因而对于这种情况，采用 机电一体化技术，将伺服电机、阀门、控制器合为一体，采 用模糊神经网络，通过内置变频器，实现阀门的高效控制In recent years, electromechanical integration technology is more comprehensive progress, the original function of microelectronic device which can replace some mechanical parts, but also gives the automatic display and recording, automatic processing, automatic detection, automatic regulation and control of automatic diagnosis and protection, many new functions・ At present, some actual operation electric still exist certain problems, problems such as actuator, low pos i t ioning accuracy, complicated structure, bad reliabi1ity, so in this case, the electromechanical integration technology, the servo motor, the valve, controller into one, the fuzzy neural network, through the built-in inverter, high performance control the valve.实现电机执行机构的阀位和速度的控制需要解决的关 键性技术问题主要有五个方面，分别是阀门柔性开关的控 制、阀位的极限位置的判断、电机保护的实现、准确定位与 模拟信号的隔离。

对于机电一体化中电机阀门位和速度的控 制，微处理器根据测得的变频器输出电压和电流，通过计算 得出输出力矩，如果输出力矩达到或大于设定的力矩，那么 就会自动降低运行速度在传统电机的执行机构中，阀位的 极限位置的检测是通过机械式限位开关获得的电动执行机 构极限位置通过检测位置信号的增量获得，单片机将本次检 测的位置信号与上次检测的信号相比较，如果未发生变化或 变化较小，就会自动电机的供电电源The key technical problems of control motor actuator valve posi tion and velocity of the need to address the five main aspects, respectively is the isolation valve flexible swi tch control, valve position 1imit position judgment, motor protection is achieved, accurate positioning a nd analog signals・ For motor control valve in the mechanical and electrical integration and speed, microprocessor based on the inverter output voltage and current measured, calculated by the torque output, if the output torque reaches or exceeds the preset torque, it wi 11 automatical ly reduce the speed・ Agencies in the implementation of traditional motor, limit of detection position the valve pos i t ion is by the mechanical 1imi t switch gain. Electric actuator 1imi t position obtained by incremental position detection signal, the position signal of the detection and signal detection compared to the last time，if not change or change is small, the power supply can be automatically motor.电机的运行控制与加速度的大小、时间长短、当前位置、 速度控制给定位置以及运行速度有关。

在机电一体化中电机 采用的是双环控制方案，外环为位置环，内环为速度环外 环是通过当前位置速度的设定将速度给定发生器向内环提 供速度的设定值内环是将当前速度与速度给定与发生器的 设定速度进行比较，依靠速度调节器改变PWM波发生器载波 频率，以实现电机的转速调节Operat i on con t rol and acceleration motor size, the length of t ime, the current location, speed control and running speed of the given posit io n. The motor in the electromechanical integration is a dual-loop control scheme, the outer ring for the position loop, velocity loop loop・ The outer ring is through the current location speed setting wi11 speed pattern generator to provide speed setting value inner loop・ The inner ring is set the current velocity and the velocity of the given speed and generator are compared, depending on the speed controller to change the PWM wave generator carrier frequency, in order to realize the motor speed regulation.机械工业的飞速发展对电机运行维护不断提出新的要 求,而现代科技技术的飞速发展又为电机的保护水平的提高 提供了新的空间。

然而再先进的技术都需要依靠人为的操 控，因而对于电机的运行维护是确保电机的机电一体化技术 优势表现的重要前提在这里把电机的维护分为三个方面， 一个是电机运行前的准备，一个是电机运行中的监管，还一 个是电机的日常保养The rapid development of machinery industry are put forward new requirements for the motor operation and maintenance, and provides new space and the rapid development of modern science and technology and the level of protection of motor improvement. However, more advanced technology needs to rely on artificial manipulation, and for the maintenance of the operation of the motor is the important prerequisite to ensure the mechatronics technology advantage performance of motor. Here the motor maintenance is divided into three aspects, one is the operat ion of the motor preparat ion, a motor operation regulation, is also a daily maintenance of motor・在电动机启。