高中英语人教版必修一Unit4知识点汇总及强化练习.doc

Unit 4 Earthquakes单元要点预览词汇部分词语辨析1. congratulate / celebrate2. destroy / ruin / damage / harm3. rise / raise / lift4. hurt / injure / wound词形改变1. frighten vt. 恐吓；使惊吓frightened n. 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惊的2. nation n. 民族；国家；国民national adj. 民族的；国家的3. suffer v.  受苦; 吃苦头suffering  n.  苦难；苦痛sufferer n.受苦者; 受难者重点单词1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然裂开2. ruin v.&n.毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）3. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救4. judge n.&v.法官，鉴赏家，裁判，推断，估计重点词组1. right away 马上，立刻2. at an end 结束，终结3. instead of 代替，而不4. tens of thousands of 数以万计的重点句子1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.2. All hope was not lost.重点语法定语从句I词语辨析1. congratulate / celebrate 【说明】congratulate 对他人庆贺为目的，侧重以言语表示庆贺。

celebrate 通常指实行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情侧重指以行动来庆祝生日、节日等练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1). I _________ you on your success.2). We held a party to __________ our success.. 2. destroy / ruin / damage / harm【说明】destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法复原，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏 ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美妙的或希望中的事物的破坏damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果 harm 一般指损害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1). You may get _________ in that shop.2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.3. rise / raise / lift【说明】rise 一般用词，指详细的抽象的事物由低向高移动。

raise 及物动词，多指把某物从低处升到高处lift 语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1). She ________ her eyes from her work.2). __________ me up, mummy---I can’t see.3). The plane was then able to ________ and it cleared the mountains by 300 feet.4. hurt / injure / wound【说明】hurt 一般用语，即可指肉体上的损害，也可指精神和情感方面的损害injure 比hurt正式，一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，很少指精神方面的损害.wound 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等，尤指在斗争中受伤练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1). The soldier was ______ in the arm in the war.2). She was _______ slightly in an accident during the work.3). I was very much _______ at his words.II词性改变1. frighten vt. 恐吓；使惊吓frightened n. 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惊的2. nation n. 民族；国家；国民national adj. 民族的；国家的3. suffer v.  受苦; 吃苦头suffering  n.  苦难；苦痛sufferer n.受苦者; 受难者【练习】用括号内所供应词的适当形式填空1) He’s travelled to the ________ of Western Europe. (nation)2) We are talking about _________ and international issues. (nation)3） ___________ children were calling for their mothers.. (frighten)4）The child __________to death by the violent thunderstorm. (frighten) 5）It is even _________ to think of the horrors of nuclear war. (frighten)6）We ________ huge losses in the financial crisis. (suffer) 7) They’re arthritis __________. (suffer)8) There is so much __________ in this world. (suffer)Ⅲ重点词汇1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然裂开[典例] 1).The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。

2). The police burst through the door.警察破门而入3). On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying. 一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来4). A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song. 歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声[重点用法]burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭[练习] 中译英1). 水管在寒冷的天气里常常冻裂2). 太阳突然从云端里露出来2. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救[典例] 1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. 营救队在这次地震期间进行了多数次救援。

3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来[重点用法]rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把……..从……营救出来come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员[练习] 用rescue的适当形式填空1). The mother, along with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship.2). The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday. 3. judge n.&v.法官，鉴赏家，裁判，推断，估计[典例] 1). His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。

2). She's a good judge of wine. 她是鉴别酒的专家3). The blind can’t judge colors. 盲人无法推断颜色4). Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人[重点用法]judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过……推断……as far as I judge 我认为judging from… 从……来看，依据……推断[练习] 用与judge相关的词汇填空1). ______his appearance, he must be a rich man.2). _______ , he must be from the south.4. ruin v.&n.毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）[典例] 1). The hurricane ruined all the houses here.飓风使这里全部的房屋成为废墟2). He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途[重点用法]be in ruins 呈一片废墟fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭[练习] 中译英1).那建筑物已成断壁残垣。

2).那教堂已破败不堪Ⅳ重点词组1. right away 马上，立刻[典例]1).I’ll return the book to you right away. 我会立刻还书给你。