新视野大学英语五单元词汇与短语.ppt
47页Expressions & Patternsdiagnose v.(sb) be diagnosed with /as...Pattern1.1.诊断诊断 2.2.判断判断1.The doctor can not diagnose what is wrong with that dog.diagnose v.1.医生不能医生不能诊断诊断出那条狗到底得了什病出那条狗到底得了什病 2.2. 老师老师找出找出了那孩子阅读上困难的原因了那孩子阅读上困难的原因2. The teacher diagnosed the reasons for the boy's reading difficulties. Translationdiagnose v.e.g. The soldiers were diagnosed with/as having flu.士兵们被士兵们被诊断诊断为患有流感为患有流感diagnosis n.Make a diagnosis/ diagnosis of …An exact diagnosis can only be made by obtaining a blood sample. in the late 1990s 二十世纪二十世纪9090年代晚期年代晚期in the middle of 1990s 二十世纪二十世纪90年代中期年代中期Para 1. Line 2in the early 1990s 二十世纪二十世纪90年代初期年代初期in the first half of the 19th centuryin the second half of the 19th century 世纪之交世纪之交How to say?at the turn of the century1919世纪上半世纪上半叶叶/ /下半下半叶叶infect vi.Para1. Line 4 携带这种病毒的人可能毫无症状,却仍可携带这种病毒的人可能毫无症状,却仍可能传染他人。
能传染他人e.g. People with the virus may feel perfectly well, but they can still infect others. 1.传染(疾病)传染(疾病) 2. (情绪等)感染(别人);(情绪等)感染(别人);使受影响使受影响be infected withPattern Lucy’s enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the class. e.g. 露西的热情很快就露西的热情很快就感染感染了全班同学了全班同学infect vi.H1N1 is a highly infectious flu. Translation伤口虽然很小,但还是感染了伤口虽然很小,但还是感染了It was only a small cut, but it became infected.Para 1. Line 4expect vt.think, believe, or hope sth/sb would do sth. 1. 预料;预料;预计预计2. 期望;要求期望;要求expect sb. to do sth/to be…I didn’t expect so many people to be in the room.‘Who broke that cup?’ I expect it was the cat.Patternexpect vt.2. 不出所料不出所料销售部经理今天辞职了销售部经理今天辞职了.2. As expected, the sales manager quit today.TranslationLationosWhitesBlacks Language and Culture People in America拉丁美洲人拉丁美洲人(Latin American/Hispanic西班牙人西班牙人)白人白人 (Mainstream in USA)黑人黑人 Expressions & Patternsconstitute vt.make up, form or compose12个月个月构成构成一年一年 法律是为保卫人民的权利和财产而法律是为保卫人民的权利和财产而制定制定的。
的 e.g. Twelve months constitute one year. e.g. Laws are constituted to protect individual rights and properties. constitute vt.Nowadays, many people think that fancy car, splendid house and loving family constitute a happy life. 当今很多人认为当今很多人认为, 豪华汽车豪华汽车, 华丽住宅华丽住宅以及和睦的家庭以及和睦的家庭构成构成幸福生活幸福生活.TranslationExpressions & Patternssegment n./v.1.n. section, part of sth. 部分部分2.V. divide sth into.. 分割分割PatternA segment of segment sth. intoe.g. There are many segments drawn on the map.e.g.Those fruits are segmented into pieces.segment v.synonymscut, divide, Expressions & Patternsalarming adj. 令人惊恐的;令人担心的令人惊恐的;令人担心的 feel afraid or anxious unpleasant or dangerous might happen. e.g. He looks alarming. 他看上去很他看上去很惶恐惶恐.e.g. This is an alarming face.alarming health conditionalarming envirement polution. alarming numberse.g. alarming catalarming a.在在…方面缓慢方面缓慢,迟钝的迟钝的Para 3. Line 10be slow in sth./doinge.g. It is said that the adults are slower in learning foreign languages than children .据说成人在学习外语方面比儿童迟缓据说成人在学习外语方面比儿童迟缓. .e.g. Be slow in choosing a friend, slower in changing.择友不宜快,绝交更须慢。
择友不宜快,绝交更须慢 Expressions & Patterns…slow in implmenting programs to stop the spread of AIDS. 在在实施实施艾滋病防治计划方面行动迟缓艾滋病防治计划方面行动迟缓implement vt.1. vt. carry out, put into practice2. n. a piece of equipment or tool e.g. He said his plan had the virtue of being the easiest to implement. 他说他的计划的优点是简单易行他说他的计划的优点是简单易行.implement. vt.e.g. What implements are needed for gardening? 园艺需要些什么工具?园艺需要些什么工具? synonymsCarry out, put into practice, enforce, exercise, apply Expressions & Patternsemerge vt.(the fact,the situation)come out, come forth (某种状态某种状态.事实事实)出现出现,显露显露It has emerged that he stole the money. e.g. 现在现在终于发现终于发现,是他偷了那笔钱。
是他偷了那笔钱 The sun emerged from behind the clouds e.g. 太阳从云层后面太阳从云层后面露出露出来了 Translationemerge vt.When spring comes, the treeswill emerge from the earth. 春天来临之际春天来临之际, 万木万木破破土而生土而生按照古老的传说按照古老的传说,夜晚大西洋的海夜晚大西洋的海面会出现奇异的水怪面会出现奇异的水怪.According to the old legend, a freaky monsterwould emerge on the surface of the Atlantic.combat vt./n 1. vt. fight against 2. n. fightinge.g. The government hasn't worked out the effective measures to combat unemployment. 政府还没有找出对付失业的有效措施政府还没有找出对付失业的有效措施 那只船正与风浪搏斗。
那只船正与风浪搏斗 e.g. The ship is combating the wind and waves. Expressions & PatternsTranslation运动在抵抗疾病方面起着重要的作用运动在抵抗疾病方面起着重要的作用.combat vt.Taking exercise plays an important role in preventing and combating disease.Expressions & Patterns(the orgnization ) suffers from a lack of money该组织该组织 (遭受遭受) 缺乏缺乏资金资金. She is suffering from a severecough in recent days. e.g.…forcing it to use its resources creatively…and this make the organization use its people, materials and ideas in a creative way.…(这这) 迫使迫使该组织创造性地使用其资源该组织创造性地使用其资源Tip-ing 现在分短语表结果现在分短语表结果 Structure Language and Culturebeauty shop A beauty shop(美容院美容院) is a business place where women go “to have their hair done,” i.e.,washed, curled, colored, etc., or their fingernails or skin treated. women should feel/look more beautiful after a visitto the beauty shop. They often have weekly appointments with the stylist (发型师发型师/形象设计师形象设计师) there. watchIt’s amazing how many people she has educated on the job .It’s amazing (that) there are so many people she has educated when she is working. Structure 她在工作的同时使许多人受到了教她在工作的同时使许多人受到了教育育, 这一点着实让人惊叹这一点着实让人惊叹on the job: doing a particular job 在工作在工作… has conclude several ways / approaches (which are) useful to other groups (who are) doing the similar work. The organization has developed several techniques (…) useful to other groups (…) doing similar work.Para.7 这一组织总结出了一些对其他从事同样工作的团体颇这一组织总结出了一些对其他从事同样工作的团体颇有裨益的方法有裨益的方法. Expressions & Patternsliteracy rate :Pay attention to the following expressions using “rate”higha low rate of literacy受教育比率受教育比率a low literacy ratehighdeath ratebirth rate (un)employment ratesuccess ratedivorce rate 出生率出生率 死亡率死亡率 离婚率离婚率 成功率成功率失业失业/就业率就业率How to say?…making impossible ( passing out AIDS literature and expecting people to read it.) Structure…making (sth) imposible (…)这使得向他们散发艾滋病资料这使得向他们散发艾滋病资料,希望他们自己阅希望他们自己阅读这一做法不切实际读这一做法不切实际.illustrate v.Expressions & Patternse.g. Our textbook is very well illustrated . 我们的课本我们的课本插图插图丰富。
丰富 Show the meaning of sth. by giving pictures or examples 举例或做图解说明举例或做图解说明e.g. Teachers usually use examples to illustrate difficult points. Expressions & Patternsrelate v.中国人很难中国人很难把把猪和聪明猪和聪明联系联系在一起在一起.e.g. It is difficult for Chinese people to relate the pig with smartness.e.g. The person to whom we can relate our sadness is called a dear friend.好友就是我们可以向之好友就是我们可以向之倾诉倾诉忧伤的人忧伤的人.1.(formal) give an account of 讲讲, 叙述叙述2.have to do with or be relevant to (~~ with/to ) 与与…有关有关, 使联系使联系relate v.She related her tale of living rough in the marriage.她她诉说诉说了家庭生活的辛酸了家庭生活的辛酸.孩子们因该学习如何和其他孩子孩子们因该学习如何和其他孩子相处相处.Children need to learn to relate to other children.Translation“buster” or in form of “-buster” combines with nouns to form new nouns to mean someone or something that fights or overcomes the specified crime or undesirable activity.buster n.Expressions & Patternsa crime-buster 惩治罪犯的人惩治罪犯的人 /罪犯的克星罪犯的克星AIDS bustermosquito-busterExpressions & Patterns(AIDS…) 101e.g. AIDS 101 photo shop 101 computers 101 Training your dog 101 爱犬训练法大全爱犬训练法大全The Phrase "101" is used for an example on how to do or operate something at its most basic level. Basic / essential tipsExpressions & Patternsredefine v. If you redefine something, you cause people to give sth. a new definition or consider sth. in a new way. 重新重新定义定义/界定界定/思考思考Most of people will redefine the love after getting married.很多人在结婚之后会很多人在结婚之后会重新界定重新界定什么是爱什么是爱e.g.Once getting into the college, students need to redefine the relations between the freedom and self-discipline.redefine v.一旦经入了大学一旦经入了大学, 学生需要学生需要重新考虑重新考虑自由与自觉的关系自由与自觉的关系.我们现在要做的,是我们现在要做的,是重新定立重新定立我们的目标和方针。
我们的目标和方针 What we well do now is to redefine our goals and objectives.e.g.Translationat risk Expressions & Patterns in dangerAt your own risk. 自行负责自行负责e.g. The whole future of the company is at risk.公司的整个前途公司的整个前途受到威胁受到威胁at one’s own riskat any riskat the risk of He said it is at the risk of losing his job. It must be done at any risk.statusExpressions & Patterns1. social standing in a society = position 2. a state at particular time = conditionSocial statusMarriage statusEconomic status Job status Legal statusMental status 社会地位社会地位婚姻状况婚姻状况经济状况经济状况就业情况就业情况心理心理/精神状态精神状态法律地位法律地位 plague n.1.a very infectious disease which usually results in death. 瘟疫瘟疫, 鼠疫鼠疫,灾难灾难 ≈ epidemic2. an annoyance 麻烦麻烦,烦恼烦恼那时一场大那时一场大瘟疫瘟疫正在该城肆虐。
正在该城肆虐 e.g. A great plague was then prevailing in the city. Expressions & Patternsplague n.vie.g. He's been avoiding me like the plague since our quarrel.我们吵架以后我们吵架以后, 他一直如避他一直如避瘟疫瘟疫似的躲著我似的躲著我. plague vt. make sb annoyed, suffer from 使使…苦恼苦恼,折磨折磨 e.g. Fears about losing a job plague nearly half the employees.Expressions & Patternshave a right to do…have a right to sth…have the right to do… be qualified to do or to own sth.每个人每个人有权利有权利享受自由,更有权利享受人生。
享受自由,更有权利享受人生Everyone have a/the right to enjoy hisfreedom, still more his life.TranslationYou have a right to your income so you can spend it as you want.你你有权有权按自己的意愿支配自己的收入按自己的意愿支配自己的收入.have a right toTranslationcure v/n.1.v. to make sb.who is ill well 治愈治愈2.n. a medicine or medical treatment 药药, 疗法疗法 (~~ for) ,疗效疗效e.g. When I left hospital I was completely cured. e.g. A cure for cancer Expressions & Patternsthreaten v. Patternthreaten to do sth.Expressions & Patternsthreaten sb/sth with sth.threaten sb/sththreaten thate.g. Every time they quarrel, she threatens to leave.他们每次吵架时他们每次吵架时,她都她都威胁威胁说要离开说要离开.e.g. I am threatened with the fight if I don’t give him money.我被威胁我被威胁,不给他钱就要挨打不给他钱就要挨打threatentake one’s attention from…使使…分心分心,使使..受影响受影响distract v/n.Patterndistract sb. from sth.e.g. Don’t let social activities distract you from your study. 不要让社会活动影响你的学习不要让社会活动影响你的学习Expressions & Patternse.g. He was a little distracted in class today.他今天上课有点心不在焉的他今天上课有点心不在焉的.Translation厨房的饭菜香味让很快让他分心了厨房的饭菜香味让很快让他分心了,以致不能专心做作业以致不能专心做作业.The good smell of the hot dishes in the kitchen soon distracted him from his homework.distract v.。

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