医学英语视听说（2020年整理）.pdf

1 Medical English Watching Listening and Speaking 医学英语视听说考试资料医学英语视听说考试资料 2 Test Introduction： Part 1：名词解释 Part 2：简答 Part 3：病例分析 Part 4：体检 Questions For Diagnosis blood test; x-ray; ultrasound(超声超声)-------- U must take fluids ,and just have a light diet until feel better Possible bowel cancer（肠癌） （顺序为横）（肠癌） （顺序为横） 3 times a week 2 or 3times a day A bit soft ,dark brown Not smell pain going with Abdominal pain or discomfort Feel bloated 腹胀 Press on stomach and palpate Do test of specimen of ur stools ,blood test Might need endoscopic内窥镜的,内窥镜检查的 or sigmoidoscopy乙 状结肠镜检查术 Questions For Diagnosis how long have u had abdominal pain? P;about three days. D;where is it?can u show me ? P:yes ,just here . D;how painful is it? P:at first it was just on and off ,but now it seems to be there all the time. D: on a scale of 1 to 10;if no pains is 1 and very painful 10,what number would u give your pain? P; Id give it a 7 D;did the pain start there or somewhere else? P;its always been there . D;does it hurt more after exercise or actions? P；if iam waling around a lot ,it will hurt a bit more. D; do u feel that u have had a fever at any time? 8 P;no,I dont think so ,I have felt hot but I havent taken my temperature. D；I need to take ur temperature ,pulse ,and B/P Are u passing urine ok? P;yes D;what does ur urine look like? P;normal D;are u having ur bowels open regulatly? P;usually I do ,but I havent had my bowels open for a couple of days. D;have u vomited? P;no,I thought I was going to today but the feeling passed. D;are u able to eat and drink anything? P;Im drinking but I havent really felt like eating. D:what have u been drinking? P：I have had a couple of glasses of water and a couple of cups of coffee. D:does the pain get worse after eating or drinking、 P;no ,not that I ve noticed. D;I need to examine you.please lay down,and loosen ur clothing for me. P;ok. D;show me where it hurts. P:it hurts just there. D;ok take a nice big breth, breathe in and out ,now try and relax. P:ouch,that hurts. 9 D；OK thanks ,u can get dressed now. P:I will need to do some investigations : :blood tests ,x-ray and ultrasound ,urine tests and stool tests D;hello ,your results show that u might have cholecystitis,u need to be admitted to hospital for observation and treatment ,and we may need to do more tests before we have a correct diagnosis. P;do I really need to be admitted into hospital, isnt there anything u can give me for the pain and to help the problem? D; sorry , no ,it is best that u are admitted for further test ,we can check that u havent got gallstones or something seriously with ur liver. P;all right , PPT of Abdomial Pain “All who have had much experience of the group of cases known generally as the acute abdomen will probably agree that in that condition early diagnosis is exceptional.” Types of abdominal pain Colicky（绞痛 0pain - caused by distention（膨胀）of a hollow viscus（空脏器）, such as bowel. Somatic （躯干身体）pain - caused by inflammation（炎 10 症）of the parietal peritoneum（壁层腹膜）; Visceral（内脏的）pain - caused by inflammation of the visceral peritoneum and capsule of solid organs. Quadrant（象限）（象限）View of the Abdomen Right Upper 11 Cholecystitis（胆囊炎）（胆囊炎） Inflammation of the gall bladder 胆囊, caused by duct obstruction （管道堵塞）with a gall stone. Pain is usually steady for an hour or more after onset and made worse by eating. If there is significant inflammation associated with the cholecystitis, there may be local peritoneal pain (somatic pain)腹 膜性疼痛. Pain may be referred to the scapular(肩胛的)area and accompanies nausea恶心, vomiting, and fever without jaundice黄 疸. Diagnosed with ultrasound(超声). Cholangitis 胆管炎胆管炎 Caused by obstruction of the biliary tract(胆道)leading to bacterial overgrowth in the gall bladder. 12 Marked by Charcots Triad（（查科三联征）查科三联征） RUQ(右上腹)pain, jaundice and fever. Diagnosed by ultrasound. Is an emergency and must be treated with IV antibiotics(静脉抗生 素). May require decompression(解压)via（凭借）endoscopic(内窥镜 的)or surgical means. Hepatitis（肝炎）（肝炎） Caused by inflammation（感染） of the liver by viruses（病毒）, alcohol or certain drugs. Marked by tender, enlarged liver with malaise （不舒服） , fever and jaundice. Diagnosed by history and laboratory evaluation - liver function tests and viral serologies.（病毒血清学的检查） Treatment depends on etiology （病因，病原）of disease. Pancreatitis（胰腺炎）（胰腺炎） Most commonly caused by alcoholism (50%) and gall stones (30%) obstructing the common bile .（胆汁）duct（管道）. Constant mid-epigastric （上腹部的） visceral （内脏的） pain usually occurring after a heavy meal or。