高一英语必修一unit4知识点及测试.doc

单词：1. ______ vi. 爆裂；爆发； n. 突然破裂；爆发2. ______ n. 事件；大事3. ______ n. 污垢；泥土→ ______ adj. 脏的4. ______ n. 废墟；毁灭；vt.使破产；毁灭5. ______ vt.损害；伤害→ ______ adj. 受伤的→ ______ n. 伤口6. ______ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭→ ______ n. 破坏7. ______ adj.无用的；无效的；无益的8. ______ vt.& vi.（使）震惊；震动;n. 休克；打击；震惊9. ______ vt.& n. 援救；营救10. ______ n. 电；电流；电学→ ______ adj.用电的；带电的→ ______ adj.与电有关的 11. ______ n.灾难；灾祸12. ______ vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏13. ______ n. 矿；矿山；矿井→ ______ n. 矿工14. ______ vt. 使惊吓；吓唬→ ______ adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的→ ____ adj. 令人恐惧的15. ______ n. 裁判员；法官;vt. 断定；判断；判决16. ______ adv. 真诚地；真挚地→ ______ adj.真诚的；真挚的短语：1. right ______ 立刻；马上 2. think ______ of 不重视3. ______ if 仿佛；好像 4. an end ______ 结束；终结5. in ______ 严重受损；破败不堪 6. ______ away 吹走；刮走7. be ______ in 陷入……之中 8. ______ out 掘出；发现9. a (great) number ______ 许多；大量的 10. give ______ 发出；分发重点句型：1.It seemed ______ ______ the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ was felt in Beijing, ______ is more than two hundred kilometres away. 二百公里以外的北京市也有震感。

3. ______ hope was ______ lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了 vi. (burst, burst)爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发The red balloon suddenly burst.On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying.The police burst through the door.【速记名片】常用结构：burst into+n.=burst out+doing sth. 突然……起来burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来be bursting to do 渴望, 急着要做(某事)burst in/into 闯入；突然破门而入burst through 冲开；冲破；拨开burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支【即学即练】完成句子①她急不可待的要把好消息告诉他 She ______ ______ to tell him the good news.②强盗闯入他的房间偷走了几件值钱的东西。

The robbers ______ ______ his room and took something valuable away.③太阳突然从云端里露出来 The sun ______ ______ the clouds.单项填空④Every time ______ he thought of his past, he couldn’t help bursting ______. A. when; out tears B. that; into crying C. which; into tears D. /; out crying2. event n. 事件；大事；比赛项目The new book was the cultural event of the year. Coming events cost their shadows before.The next event will be the 100-metre race. 常用结构：at all events无论怎样 in any event 无论如何in the event of 万一；徜若【即学即练】完成句子①无论如何，让我们试试看！ ______ ______ ______, let us try!②不管怎样，如果我再一次进城的话一定来拜访你。

______ ______ ______, I’ll come visit you if I am in town again.③要是下雨，球赛将会被延期 ______ ______ ______ ______ rain, the game will be postponed. 单项填空④The National Day and the International Labour Day are great ______in our country. A. occurrence B. incidents C. accidents D. events⑤How many ______ are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games? (2010·江苏启东一轮)A. accidents B. incidents C. events D. sports n. 法官；裁判员 vt.断定；判断；判决His father used to be a judge. He was a judge of (at) sports meeting. The blind can’t judge colours. 常用结构：judge sb./sth. by/from通过……判断…… judge that-clause/wh-clause判断，认为……judge it+(to be)+adj./n.认为……是…… as far as I can judge我认为judging from/by...从……来看;根据……判断 【即学即练】完成句子 ①不要以貌取人。

Don’t judge a man ______ his looks.②我认为最好不要匆忙做出决定 I judged it better not ______ ______ a hasty decision.③从他说的话来判断，他一定是个诚实的人 ______ ______ what he said, he must be an honest man.用法点拨:judging from/by..., 为习惯用语,不能改为judged,因为它表示的是说话人的一种态度,当用于句首时，为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态影响,只能用现在分词的形式作状语，不能用过去分词类似用法的词组:to tell you the truth/to be honest 跟你说实话吧; generally speaking 一般来讲;frankly speaking 坦率地讲等即学即练】单项填空④ ______ the hat he ______, the old man is a farmer.A. Judging from; is wearing B. Judging by; is having on C. To judge by; putting D. Judged by; is putting vt. 毁坏;毁灭 n.［U］毁坏;毁灭;［C］（常用作复数）废墟Bad weather ruined our holidays.Laziness will ruin one’s prospects. We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii. 用法点拨： ruin作名词时，其复数形式与介词in搭配构成in ruins，意为“成为废墟；变成一片瓦砾；被毁灭；崩溃；落空”。

An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. His career is/lies in ruins. 【易混辨析】destroy/ruin/damagedestroy表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏可用于表示损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等15ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思damage是程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可重新修复即学即练】完成句子①他当医生的希望破灭了 His hope of being a doctor was ______.②大雨损坏了许多房子 The heavy rain ______ many houses.③坏天气破坏了我们的运动会 The bad weather ______ our sports meeting.单项填空④I was ______ by that law case. I’m a ______ man.A. ruined; ruined B. ruined; destroying C. damaged; destroyed D. destroyed; damaging vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏The house was half buried under snow. He was sitting with his head buried in a book.Both his grandparents were buried here.常用结构：be buried alive被活埋 be buried under 为……所压倒；沉浸于；忙于bury （oneself） in =be buried in埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等)bury one’s head in the sand自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性）【即学即练】完成句子①2010年10月台风“鲇鱼”过后,仍有。