
从高考试题谈名词性从句.pdf
6页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思从高考试题谈名词性从句的考查及复习名词性从句主要起名词所起的作用,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化, 但仔细分析高考试题不难看出,这一部分内容主要从以下几个方面进行考查I语序问题在名词性从句中, 除了关联词在从句之首外,其它部分应用陈述句的语序,而考生们往往使用疑问句的语序,特别是在以wh-引起的名词性从句中克服这个问题的关键就是要找准从句的主语例如:1、The photographs will show you _ (MET89 )A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 解析答案: B根据引导词在从句中作介词like 的宾语,所以不能用副词how,排除 C、D,而 A 项用了疑问句的语序,故选B 项再如:2、He asked _ for a violin (MET92 )A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 3、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. ( 全国 2000) D A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 4、 The photographs will show you _ (MET1989 )B A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 名词性从句中都用陈述语序,不用倒装语序。
题 3 中的干扰项是B,对想要知道的人提问或应答都用it 而不用人称代词he, I , you 等题 4 只要注意是介词宾语就行了5、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. ( 全国 2000) D A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 6、 The photographs will show you _ (MET1989 ) B A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 名词性从句中都用陈述语序,不用倒装语序 题 5 中的干扰项是B,对想要知道的人提问或应答都用it 而不用人称代词he, I , you 等题 6 只要注意是介词宾语就行了II用 it 代替主语从句或宾语从句为了使句子保持平衡,常用先行词it 来代替主语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面, 尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中,但 what, whatever, whoever,whichever 引导的主语从句一般不后置。
例如:I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full (MET98 )Ait Bthat Cthese Dthem 解析答案: A此题考查了it 作先行词代替宾语从句,而把宾语从句放在句末其它人称代词或指示代词都不能代替从句再如:Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time ?(MET91 )D Athis Bthat Cthe Dit 1、_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) D A. There B. This C. That D. It 精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思2、 I like_ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. ( 04 全国 I)C A this B that C it D one 3、 The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. ( 05全国卷 1)Athat Bit Cthis Dhim B 主语、宾语从句常用先行词it 代替,而将其置于句末。
但由whatever, whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用it 代替III 关联词的区分名词性从句中关联词的选择是非常重要的,所以在高考中更多的是考查关联词的选择问题而在关联词的选择中,主要侧重以下几个方面的检测I)whether 和 if 的区别以及whether,if 和 that 的区别whether 和 if 在引导宾语从句时一般可以通用,但在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句时只能用whether,不能用if ; whether,if 引导的名词性从句和 that 引导的名词性从句的区别在于:whether,if 引导的从句是由一般疑问句转化而来的,含有疑问意义,而that 引导的从句是由陈述句转化而来的,不含有疑问意义例如:What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon (上海 20XX 年春季招生)Awhen Bhow C whether D why 解析 答案:C这是一个表语从句根据doubt 一词可知, 所怀疑的应是是否能治好病,所以要填whether。
这句话的意思是“ 医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来再如:1、 It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. (MET92 )B Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor 2、 _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET96 )B AIf BWhether CThat DWhere 3、 What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海 2001) C A. when B. if C. whether D. why 4、 Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth. (05 天津卷) B A. 不填B. whether C. how D. what 在名词性从句中表示“ 是否 ” 这一概念时,连词if 一般只能引导宾语从句,而题3 是表语从句,故不能选B;注意 doubt 的用法,如果是肯定句,用whether,如果是否定句,用that。
宾语从句中,以下情况只用whether 不用if :与 or 连用时;后接不定式短语时; 在 decide ; be sure 等动词后II )that 从句与wh- 从句的区别:that 连词在从句中不作成分,不含有疑问意义,而wh-连词在从句中作成分,且含有疑问意义1. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have.(NMET96 )A. What , what B. What , that C. That , that D. That , what 解析答案 : A此题考查了两个名词性从句, 因为从句中都缺宾语, 所以都应选what 不选 that, that 在引导名词性从句时不作成分2. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. (NMET94 )A A. how B. when C. that D. if 解析答案 : A根据答语He came by car 可知 , 问句应是提问方式, 所以选择A, how 再如:_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(NMET93 )A 精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 3、 Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. (05 安徽卷)A A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 前句考查的是that 与 what 的区别。
that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,而what 可充当名词性的成分 前句的表语从句中还缺少表语,故只能用what 后句是定语从句, 修饰20 years ago,所以须用whenIII )what,which ,who,when,where,how 等引导的名词性从句与whatever,whichever ,whoever,whenever,wherever,however 等引导的名词性从句的区别:后者引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义,相当于名词后加一个定语从句,而前者引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义who / whom, whoever / whomever的选择,要看关联词在从句中是作主语还是作宾语而定,如果在从句中作主语只能选用who / whoever ,作宾语时用whom / whomever例如:1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. (NMET97 )B A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 解析答案 : B。
根据句意可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句,而从句中wants 缺少宾语 , 排除A 和 D ,whichever 表示 “ 无论哪一个 , 无论哪些 ”, 应表示一定范围内的人或物, 此处没有涉及事物的范围, 所以应选Bwhatever,表示 “ 无论什么 ” 2. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET88 ) C A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D.。
