青咖啡豆提取物药理.doc

Coffee Bean Extract health benefit and side effects by Ray Sahelian, M.D. Green coffee bean extract is a new ingredient on the market. Green coffee bean has strong anti-oxidant properties similar to other natural anti-oxidants like green tea and grape seed extract. Green coffee beans have polyphenols which act to help reduce free oxygen radicals in the body. Green coffee bean extract is sometimes standardized to more than 50% chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic Acid is the compound present in coffee which has been long known as for its beneficial properties. This active ingredient makes green coffee bean an excellent agent to absorb free oxygen radicals; as well as helping to avert hydroxyl radicals, both which contribute to degradation of cells in the body. Green coffee bean extract is made from the green beans of the coffea Arabica plant. There are two types of coffee plants, arabica and robusta... the arabica is higher in quality and higher in chlorogenic and caffeic acids, two primary compounds responsible for anti-oxidant activity.Boiled coffee drinks contain cafestol which is associated with the negative effects of using coffee as a stimulant, this is not present in green coffee beans or the extract. The History of Coffee The history of coffee dates back more than a thousand years. Originally, coffee beans were used as a food. East African tribes would grind the coffee berries together, mixing the results into a paste with animal fat. Later, around 1000 AD, Ethiopians made a type of wine from coffee berries, fermenting the dried beans in water. Coffee also grew naturally on the Arabian Peninsula where it was first developed into a hot drink. Despite decades of research on coffee and caffeine, there are many misconceptions about the potential health risks associated with coffee. Coffee is one of the world's most important primary commodities; it ranks second only to petroleum in terms of dollars traded worldwide. With over 400 billion cups consumed every year, coffee is the world's most popular beverage. Worldwide, 25 million small producers rely on coffee for a living. Potential Health Benefits of Coffee Coffee contains anti-oxidants reducing free oxygen radicals Can increase the effectiveness of pain killers, especially for migraine medications Helps the body burn a higher proportion of lipids to carbohydrates Coffee contains caffeine which has positive and negative attributes depending on dosage used, timing, and frequency.It's surprising when something that was once considered questionable for your health turns out to have health benefits, usually with the proviso to use it “in moderation.“ That happened with chocolate and alcohol, and now it is coffee's turn. Here's some of the mostly good news about coffee, and some concerns:Heart Rhythm abnormalities: It is possible that excessive coffee consumption raises the risk for heart palpitations.Blood pressure. Results from long-term studies are showing that one or two cups of coffee may not increase the risk for high blood pressure over time. Study findings for other cardiovascular effects are a mixed bag.Coronary artery disease: Drinking two cups of caffeinated coffee decreases blood flow to the heart during exercise, and the reduction may be most pronounced at high altitudes. While healthy people may tolerate the reduced blood flow fairly easily, it may be harmful to people with coronary artery disease.Cancer. Coffee might have anti-cancer properties. Researchers found that coffee drinkers were 50% less likely to get liver cancer than nondrinkers. A few studies have found ties to lower rates of colon, breast, and rectal cancers.Cholesterol. Two substances in coffee -- kahweol and cafestol -- raise cholesterol levels. Paper filters capture these substances, but that doesn't help the many people who now drink non-filtered coffee drinks, such as lattes. Diabetes. Heavy coffee drinkers may be half as likely to get diabetes as light drinkers or nondrinkers. Coffee may contain chemicals that lower blood sugar. A coffee habit may also increase your resting metabolism rate, which could help keep diabetes at bay.Parkinson's disease. Coffee seems to protect men, but not women, against Parkinson's disease. One possible explanation for the sex difference may be that estrogen and caffeine need the same enzymes to be metabolized, and estrogen captures those enzymes.Coffee and Diabetes Moderate consumption of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee may lower the risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and younger women. Dr. Rob M. van Dam from the Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, and colleagues evaluated the consumption of different types of coffee in relation to the development of type 2 diabetes in more than 88,000 US women followed in the Nurses Health Study II. In general, higher coffee consumption, both caffeinated and decaffeinated, was associated with a lower。