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最经典的定语从句讲解剖析课件.ppt

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    • 定语从句高考考点例析定语从句高考考点例析The best way you can get Complex sentence 复合句:复合句:由由连词连词连接两个或多个连接两个或多个主谓结构主谓结构的句子,其中一个主谓结构是句子的句子,其中一个主谓结构是句子的的主要部分(主句)主要部分(主句),另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作,另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分某个成分(如主语、宾语、表语、(如主语、宾语、表语、定语定语、状语、同位语)状语、同位语)复合句复合句 = =主句主句+定语从句定语从句一个主谓结构是句子一个主谓结构是句子的的主要部分(主句)主要部分(主句)另一个或一个以上的主谓结构另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作只在句子中作某个成分(定语)某个成分(定语)The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam.主句主语主句主语从句主语从句主语从句谓语结构从句谓语结构主句谓语结构主句谓语结构在句子中作在句子中作定语定语,修饰,修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句这种从句由的从句这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词引导,并作句子成分。

      引导,并作句子成分 定语从句还叫做定语从句还叫做嵌入句嵌入句,因形容词定语,所以又称之为因形容词定语,所以又称之为形容词性从句形容词性从句Attributive clause:定语从句的位置:通常在先行词(在主句中)后定语从句的位置:通常在先行词(在主句中)后定语从句的引导词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词指人指人指物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语),whom(宾语宾语),that(主语、宾语主语、宾语), whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where (地点状语地点状语)when (时间状语时间状语)why (原因状语原因状语)Attributive clause:限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 restrictive非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语, 如果去掉,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义这种从主句的意思就不完整或失去意义这种从句和主句关系十分密切,句和主句关系十分密切, 写时不用逗号分开写时不用逗号分开。

      和主句关系不很密切,只是对先行词作些附加说和主句关系不很密切,只是对先行词作些附加说明,明, 如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚这种从句,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚这种从句, 写时往往逗号分开写时往往逗号分开I was the only person who was invited.in my officeJenny, with whom I played table tennisyesterday, lives in my next room.The man who came here yesterday has come again.That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school. 注意:注意:引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that,指,指人人时用时用who(主语主语),whom(宾语宾语),指,指物物时须用时须用which.考点一考点一: :如何判定用如何判定用关系代词关系代词还是用还是用关系副词关系副词1 1、找出定语从句中是否、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全主语和宾语都齐全。

      如齐全如齐全用关系副词用关系副词 用什么关系副词看先行词用什么关系副词看先行词I will never forget the days (_ I stayed with you).when_Jurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps differentKinds of dinosaurs)._where1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film)._Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success)._whenwhyMorning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud)._whenDo you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.)_where2 2、如定语从句中缺宾语,确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物、如定语从句中缺宾语,确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词,如是,用动词,如是,用关系代词,关系代词,如不是,用如不是,用关系副词。

      关系副词考点一考点一: :如何判定用如何判定用关系代词关系代词还是用还是用关系副词关系副词 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great writer used to live)._wherein whichThe house _ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_ _Luckily none of the people _ ( I know) were killed in the earthquake. whowhom that /_ _My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen3 3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构,有主语,则用、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构,有主语,则用关系副词关系副词Kunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _ ( new China was founded).whenThe window ( _ was opened this morning) has been broken.Which thatThe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.Which that考点一考点一: :如何判定用如何判定用关系代词关系代词还是用还是用关系副词关系副词考点二:考点二:thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择 (1) that (1) that指物时一般可以与指物时一般可以与whichwhich互换,但在下列情况互换,但在下列情况引导词只用引导词只用thatthat,不用,不用whichwhich。

      当先行词为当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时,如:等不定代词时,如: a. All that can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. c. There is little (that) the enemy can do besides surrender. 先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时修饰时: Ive read all the books (that) you gave me.考点二:考点二:thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择先行词是先行词是序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.This is the first composition (that) he has written in English.先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the last the only, the very, the last 修饰时。

      修饰时That white flower is the only one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find. 当有两个或两个以上分别表示当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物人和物的先行词时,这个定的先行词时,这个定语从句要用语从句要用thatthat而不用而不用who (whom)who (whom)和和whichwhich引导如:引导如:He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited.先行词是疑问词先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时,定语从句用时,定语从句用that而不用而不用who, (whom)和和which引导考点二:考点二:thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on the table belongs to me? 当关系代词在从句中作表语时:当关系代词在从句中作表语时: Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. China is no longer the country that it used to be. WhichWhich可以引导可以引导非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句,可用于,可用于介词介词后,其后,其先行词可是一个词先行词可是一个词, ,也可是整个也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分主句或主句的某一部分。

      1 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 考点二:考点二:thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择(2 2 2 2)只用)只用)只用)只用whichwhichwhichwhich的情况的情况的情况的情况 B B 考点三:考点三:as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句对这两个词作如下归纳:对这两个词作如下归纳: 1、如果定语放主句后,即引用、如果定语放主句后,即引用as也可以用也可以用which. He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural. She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is. Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before. 2 2、如果从句在主。

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