2022年初中英语语法时态总结归纳 2.docx

精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -中学英语语法·时态归纳语法归纳：一般现在时一般现在时表示常常性或习惯性的动作；其动词形式是： 动词原形 〔只有第三人称单数作主语时除外， 要加 -s〕 其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词 do或 does ；1) 确定句用实义动词的原形：They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早；2) 否定句用 don’t + 动词原形：We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物；3) 一般疑问句：–Do they go to school at seven o ’clock. 他们七点去上学吗 .--Yes, they do./ -- No, they don ’ t.时间词： often 常常， always 总是， sometimes 有时， usually 通常， on Sundays 每个星期天，every day/ week/ morning 每天 / 周/早上等；留意：句子中没有表示时间的词时，我们就认为这个句子是一般现在时；如： He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学；I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母；My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭；当主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时态，谓语动词也要是第三人称单数，后要加 -s 或-es ；如： He likes reading at night. 他喜爱夜里读书；She usually goes to school by bike. 她平常骑车上学；The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶；1 】转换成否定句要加 doesn’t，其后的动词用原形；Kelly doesn’tget up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早；2 】转换成一般疑问句，句首用 Does ，其后的动词用原形；Does he have lunch at school. 他在学校吃午饭吗 .原形动词结尾情形现在时单三人称现 在 分 词过去式和过去分词一般情形+s+ing+eds,x,ch,sh,o结尾辅音字母 +y 结尾+esy→ i,+es+ing+ing+edy→ i,+ed重读闭音节一元一辅+s双写辅音字母,+ing双写辅音字母 ,+ed结尾不发音的 e 结尾+s去掉 e,+ing+die 结尾+sie→ y,+ing+d【1】规章动词变化表：规就变化不 规 就 变 化 have→ has；be→ is 〔无 〕 〔见下面的不规章动词变化表 〕留意：①在加 ing 或 ed 时动词假如以“ r”结尾 ,尾音节又重读的动词 ,“ r”应双写；② ed 的读音规章：在清辅音后读 [ t]；在浊辅音后和元音后读 [ d] ；在 [ t] 、[ d] 后读 [ id].精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -③s/e的s[ iz].读音规章：在清辅[ s]音；后在读浊辅音后和元[ z音]；后在[读s]、[ F] 、[ z] 、[tF] 、[dV]后读〔2不〕规章动词变化〔 原表形：→过去式→过去分〕词be〔am,is〕 was been lose lost lost be〔are〕 were been make made made beat beat beaten may mightbecome became become mean meant meantbring brought brought pay build built built putpaid putpaidbuyboughtboughtreadreadReadcancouldrideroderiddencatchcaughtcaughtringrangrungchoosechosechosenriseroserisencomecamecomerunranruncostcostcostsaysaidsaidcutcutcutseesawseendigdugdugsellsoldsolddodiddonesendsentsentdrawdrewdrawnset set setdrinkdrankdrunkshall shoulddrivedrovedrivenshineshoneshoneeatateeatenshowshowedshownfallfellfallenshutshutshutfeelfeltfeltsingsangsungbegin began begun meet met met blow blew blown mistake mistook mistaken break broke broken must mustputfindfoundfoundsinkflyflewflownsitsank/sunksunk/sunken set setforget forgot forgot/forgotten sleep slept slept freeze froze frozen smell smelt smelt get got got speak spoke spoken give gave given spend spent spent go went gone spill spilt spilt grow grew grown spoil spoilt spoilt hang hung/hangehdung/hanged stand stood stoodhave〔has〕 had had sweep swept swept hear heard heard swim swam swum hide hid hidden take took taken hit hit hit teach taught taught hold held held tell told told hurt hurt hurt think thought thought keep kept kept throw threw thrownknow knew known understandunderstoodunderstood精选名师 优秀名师 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -精品word 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - - - - - -laylaidlaidwakewoke/wakedwoken/wakedlearn leavelendlearnt/learned leftlentlearnt/learned leftlentwear willwinwore wouldwonwornwonletletletwritewrotewittenlielaylain语法归纳：一般将来时【1】 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作；【2】时间词：1. 表示将来的时间状语： tomorrow 明天， next year 明年， from now on 从现在起， in a month 一个月之后， in the future 将来，等；2. 包含现在的时间状语： today 今日， this evening 今日晚上， this week 这个星期， this month 这个月， this year 今年，等；如： Will you be at home at seven this evening. 今晚七点你会在家吗 .【3】其结构：1) Will /shall+ 动词原形 ；（ shall 用于第一人称疑问句，其它人称都用 will ；）否定： will not=won't ； shall not=shan't例如： Will you be at home at seven this evening. 今晚七点回家好吗 .2) be going to + 动词原形 ；（一般表示人的主观想法将要去做某事）例如： What are you going to do tomorrow. 明天准备作什么呢 .3〕 现在进行时表将来时 ；以下动词的现在进行时表示将来时：go ， come ， fly ， leave ， start ， begin ， finish ， arrive ， end 等如： she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow. 她明天要去武汉；语法归纳：一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生了的事情；一、时间词：yesterday, this morning, just now 刚才 ,in 1970 ， last night / year / week , a moment ago 刚才 , in May （五月已经过去了） , once upon a time 从前 , the other day 那几天 （那几天已经过去了） , before ,when 当 的时候 , in the past 在过去，等；如： What did you do yesterday. 昨天你干了什么 .I met Lin Tao this morning. 今日上午我会到了林涛；I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿如： We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩；三、 一般过去时的动词变化：动词的过去式变化原就：。