一般过去时精讲.doc

作者：远离尘嚣 ：一般过去时精讲一、一般过去时表示的意义：1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago等如：I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床动作】She was at home last night.. 她昨天晚上在家状态】2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用如：He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他一直乘公共汽车上班二、一般过去时的构成：㈠ 含有be动词的一般过去时的主结构：主语+was/were+表语【常用的四种结构】1、肯定句：主语+was/were+表语例如：His father was very busy last week. 他父亲上周很忙They were at home last night.. 他们昨天晚上在家。

2、否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语例如：His father was not very busy last week. 他父亲上周不是很忙They were not at home last night.. 他们昨天晚上不在家3、一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语例如：Was his father very busy last week. 他父亲上周很忙Were they at home last night.. 他们昨天晚上在家吗？4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它?例如：How was his father last week? 他父亲上周怎么样？Where were they last night? 他们昨天晚上在哪？【注意】①主语为第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，用was,其它人称一律用were.②变成否定句时，只需在was/were后直接加not就行了③变成一般疑问句时，只需把was/were提到主语前面即可④变成特殊疑问句时，一般是特殊疑问词后加一般疑问句，如果特殊疑问词是who，不用改变原句的语序如：His father was very busy last week.（画线提问）→How was his father last week? （先选特殊疑问词how,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把His father was last week变成was his father last week）His father was very busy last week.（画线提问）→Who was very busy week?（只需用特殊疑问词who替换掉原句中的主语his father即可，不必考虑其它方面。

㈡含有实义动词（行为动词）的一般过去时的主结构：主语+动词的过去时+其它【常用的四种结构】1、肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它例如：He played basketball yesterday.他昨天打篮球I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床2、否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其它did not缩写为didn’t】例如：He didn’t play basketball yesterday.他昨天没打篮球I didn’t get up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30没起床3、一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？例如：Did he play basketball yesterday ?他昨天打篮球了吗？Did you get up at 6:30 yesterday ?你昨天6:30起床是吗？4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?例如：What did he play yesterday ?他昨天玩的是什么？What time did you get up yesterday ?你昨天几点起床？【注意】①谓语动词为实义动词时，不受主语限制，用对动词的过去时形式就可以。

②不论主语是什么人称，在变成否定句时，只需在主语与谓语动词之间加上didn’t,并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形③在变成一般疑问句时，只需在原句前加上助动词did，并把后面的谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形④在变成特殊疑问句时，除了提问句子的主语不用更改原句的语序，提问其它成分要把原句变成一般疑问句语序如：He played basketball yesterday.（画线提问）→Who played basketball yesterday.（提问句子的主语，只需用who替换原句中的主语he即可He played basketball yesterday.（画线提问）→What did he play yesterday?（提问句子的宾语，用特殊疑问词what,然后把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句语序，即把He played yesterday变成did he play yesterday）三、动词过去时形式的构成：（一）系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式二）实义动词（行为动词）的过去时分规则动词的过去时和不规则动词的过去时两种。

规则动词的过去时见下表：原形过去时构成规则looklooked一般情况下在动词原形的末尾加-ed.play playedstartstartedlivelived结尾是e的动词，在后面直接加-d.hopehopeduseusedstopstopped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed.planplannedstudystudied以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变“y”为“i”，再加-ed.carrycarriedworryworried【注意】规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆：过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed如果词尾有个e（不发音的），只需直接加上—d 辅音字母＋y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed 一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed 不规则动词的过去时需单独记忆：下面是一些常见的过去时am/is-was are-were do-did say-said eat-ate see-saw go-went make-maderun-ran take-took teach-taught tell-told write-wrote put-put buy-boughtbring-brought come-came sit-sat know-knew get-got catch-caught become-became begin-began have/has-had hear-heard四、一般过去时使用口诀　　一般过去时并不难，过去动作、状态记心间。

　　动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站 　　否定句很简单，didn't 站在动原前，其它部分不要变 　　一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站 　　特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记！五、一般过去时常用句式转换：1、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天他在操场上打篮球变成否定句）→He didn’t play basketball on the playground yesterday.【在主语和谓语动词之间加didn’t,谓语动词由过去时形式变成动词原形2、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.变成一般疑问句→Did he play basketball on the playground yesterday.【在原句前加上助动词did,谓语动词由过去时变成动词原形3、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.画线提问→What did he play on the playground yesterday?【分两步来做：一是先选准特殊疑问词，二是把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句。

4、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.画线提问→Where did he play basketball yesterday?【分两步来做：一是先选准特殊疑问词，二是把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句5、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.画线提问→When did he play basketball on the playground?【分两步来做：一是先选准特殊疑问词，二是把剩下的部分变成一般疑问句6、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.画线提问→What did he do on the playground yesterday?【此题提问的是谓语动词及其宾语，用特殊疑问词what来提问，后面紧跟着助动词did，再加上原句主语，千万要注意，谓语动词处一定要用do，最后加上其它成分7、He played basketball on the playground yesterday.画线提问→Who played basketball on the playground yesterday?【提问句子主语最简单：只需用特殊疑问词who换掉原句中的主语即可。

六、巩固练习：（一）写出下列动词的过去式1.am／is ________ 2.do _______ 3.go ________ 4.have _______ 5.isn’t _________ 6. aren’t ________ 7.spend________ 8.cook_______9.read ________ 10.clean _______ 11.live _______ 12.study_________（二）用适当的词完成下列对话1.— How was your weekend? — It ______ great.— What _______ you ______ last weekend ? — I _______ some homework.2.— What ______ she ______ last weekend? — She _______ to the beach.3.— What _______ they do last weekend? — They ________ to the movies.（三）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1. We _________ (enjoy) o。