定语从句-举例生动详细(大量例题).ppt

The Attributive ClauseWhich one is Harry Porter ?The boy is Harry Porter Which one is Harry Porter ?The boy _______________________ is Harry Porter .who is wearing glasses定语从句定语从句一、概念一、概念:　在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子　在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.Ø (在句子中作在句子中作定语定语) (Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰boy, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，，why二、用法二、用法: :These are the trees which / that were planted last year.先先行行词词是是人人关系代词关系代词: who whom whose that which先行词是先行词是物物These are the students who / that won the first place last year.Have a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 主语宾语定语宾语主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhomthatwhose（（of whom））指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose1.引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,in front of…)whichWhy=for which2.引导定语从句的关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词•1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句•2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词•3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）•4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语语则选择则选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，，则选择则选择关系副词关系副词。

1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别用法区别.①① who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语②② whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语③③ that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语宾语. The woman (whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.可省略可省略 The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.④④ whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.作定语作定语2. which, that 的的用法用法which 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主语作主语作宾语作宾语可省略可省略3. 只能用只能用that的情况的情况①① 序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.③③　　everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true. ②②先行词被先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。

等修饰时I’ve read all the books that you lend me.④④ 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时This is the very book that belongs to him.⑤⑤ 主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.⑥⑥ 当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.4.关系代词前有介词时关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前介词提前) .指人只用指人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.由由Who Who 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\ \ 宾语宾语1、、Do you know the man ___ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2、、The boys ___ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3、、Those ___ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom4. The gentleman ___ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom5. The doctor ___ you are looking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which6. The teacher for ____ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that由由Whom Whom 引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whom7. A child ___ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students ___ native(本国的本国的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy ___ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that由由Whose Whose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, , 在句中做定语在句中做定语10、、He prefers to eat the rice ___ in the south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown11、、 The knife ___ I cut the apple with can’t be found. A. which B. who C. what 12、、The room in ___ there are many books is mine. A. that B. who C. which13、、This is the pen ____ he bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. when由由Which Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\ \ 宾语宾语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whichthat14. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what15. Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything只能用只能用that引导引导16. It’s the most boring film ___ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. whose17. This is the first car ___ arrived this morning. A. which B. who C. that 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时饰时只能用只能用that引导引导18. I know all people ___ are from that village. A. who B. that C. whose19. There is no water ___ is needed badly. A. which B. who C. that20. Please take any seat ___ is free. A. which B. that C. in which先行词被先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导21. That is the very book ___ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which22. After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing ___ he owns. A. who B. that C. which先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导23. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books ___ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which先行词被既有人又有物时先行词被既有人又有物时只能用只能用that引导引导24. Who is the worker ___ took some pictures of the factory. A. who B. that C. which主句已有主句已有who或或which时时,只能用只能用that 引导引导Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.4.The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. 1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.2.Say all ________ you know.3.Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：关系副词：when/ where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词介词 + which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词介词 + whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语, 其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise•1.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded.A.which B. when C. that D. on that•2.Is that the reason _____ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that •3.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded.•A. which B. when C. that D. on that•4. Is this the place ______ you were born?•A. which B.where C.what D.that•挑战高难度！！！挑战高难度！！！•1. Is this the place ______ you were born?•A. which B.where C.what D.that•2. Is this the place ______ some German friends visited last year?•A. which B.where C.what D. why•3.The house _______ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.•A. which B.where C.what D.that•4.The house _______ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.•A. that B.where C.what D. why•5.He told her the reason____ why he is unhappy, but she doesn’t believe the reason ______ he gives her.•A. why; why•B. why; which•C. that; why•D. which; why。