瞬间动词变延续性动词.docx

英语中瞬间动词和延续性动词一、 瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法：1•瞬间动词是指动作短暂、不长久的动词，如begin, become, sell, buy, borrow等其用法有：① 常与点时间连用例如：She often goes to bed at ten.她经常十点钟睡觉② 不能与段时间连用例如：He has joined the army for two years. (x)She has come here for half an hour. (X)2•延续性动词是指长久的、可以延续的动词，如sleep, know, keep, wait, study等其用法为：①常与段时间连用例如：Mr Zhang has lived here for two years张先生在这儿住了两年了He has taught there since 1987•自 1987年 来他一直在那儿教书②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat 等除外)例如：Mary has worked at eight. (x)She walked at five yesterday ・(x)二、 非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：① 、用相应的延续性动词；buy have, borrow keep, put on wear,catch/get a cold have a cold, come/go/become be.② 、转换成be+名词；join the Party be a Party member,join the army be a soldier,go to school be a student.③ 、转换成be +介词短语:go to school be in school,join the army be in the army.④ 、转换成 be + adjJadv.:die be dead, finish be over,begin/start be on, leave (...) be away (from),close be closed, open be open, fall asleep be asleep.常见的瞬间动词变为延续性动词：1、go——be away2、come/arrive——be here3、come back——be back4、leave——be away(be not here)5、buy——have6、borrow——keep 7、die——be dead8、begin——be on9、finish/end——be over10、open——be open11、close——be closed12、lose——be lost13、get to know——know14、 turn on——be on15、get up——be up16、sit down——sit/be seated17、join be in (...) 或 be a・・・member 18、become be a19、marry—— be marrie 20、fall asleep——be asleep 21、put on——be in /wear22、 catch a cold——have a cold 23、 go out——be ou例句：1、 他买了这本书两年了。

误： He has bought the book for two years.正: He bought the book two years ago.2、 他们认识5年了误：They have got to know each other for five years.正: They have known each other for five years.3、 他父亲死了五年了误： His father has died for two years.正: His father has been dead for two years.4、 汤姆参军4年了误：Tom has joined the army for four years. 正：It is (has been) four years since Tom joined the army.。