20世纪三、四十年代小城镇小说研究.pdf

广西师范大学硕士学位论文20世纪三、四十年代小城镇小说研究姓名：谷丽丽申请学位级别：硕士专业：中国现当代文学指导教师：刘铁群20080401I20 世纪三、四十年代小城镇小说研究 20 世纪三、四十年代小城镇小说研究 研究生：谷丽丽 导师：刘铁群 学科专业：中国现当代文学 研究方向：现代文学 年级：2005 级 摘 要 摘 要 乡土文学与都市文学在 20 世纪的中国文学发展史上是较为引人注目的乡土文学、都市文学的研究领域在纵向、横向上都已有深入开掘但是， “小城镇”这一方独特地理空间在文学中的存在却被众多研究者忽视了小城镇的文学价值没有被凸现出来对小城镇文学的研究仍处于探索阶段 近代以来，小城镇实际上与乡村社会、都市社会形成了三足鼎立、三分天下的局面在中国走向现代化的进程中，具有城乡二重性的小城镇是城乡冲突导致的必然结果，它是城乡之间物质与文化的桥梁，也是各种文明交汇、激荡的空间小城独特的文化内涵与形式，独特的心理心态与生活方式，影响了小城镇文学的题材趋向、情感内涵、表达方式、审美追求等，形成了与都市文学、乡土文学不同的文学景观中国现代小说中有很多描写小城镇的经典文本，为我们构筑了一个个富于特色和魅力的文学中的小城世界。

本文以 20世纪三、四十年代小城小说为研究对象，阐释小城镇文学的发生、发展和 20 世纪三、四十年代小城镇小说的文化风貌，并在此基础上考察小城镇小说创作主体的文化心态 本文主要从以下四个方面展开论述： 一、中国现代小城镇文学的发生与发展小城镇的出现与演变是有其历史渊源的，在小城镇形成的过程中伴随着都市化特征的出现小城镇社会是另一种形态的社会，即“第三种社会” 小城镇是城乡之间的纽带与桥梁一方面，它在经济上给乡村提供了商品、货源；另一方面，它在都市向乡村的延伸中是前沿、缓冲地带由于小城镇所处地理位置的特殊性，它就成为现代与传统、外来与本土、文明与落后、新与旧交汇激荡的独特文化空间在激荡与缓冲中，小城形成独有的文化价值由于小城独有的地理位置和独特的文化内涵，近现代中国历史与文化开始将小城镇纳入视野，小城镇文学由此产生在 20 世纪三、四十年代，中国的小城镇文学创作出现了高潮在这些作品中，小说的成就最为突出这一时期的小城镇小说创作较为集中，数量颇为丰富，其总体创作水平也达到了一定的高度 二、小城风景线现代文学视野中的“小城镇”是一道独特的不容忽视的风景在三、四十年代的小城镇小说叙事中，小城主要呈现为常、静、闲、散的文化风貌。

小城是恒常的、稳定、安静、和谐、悠闲、自在、懒散的小城中的人悠悠的生存其中，不觉天荒地II老，不觉天地之变动荡的时代风云，变幻的革命更替在“小城”之中是依稀模糊的外面的世界无论有什么变化，谁在革命，谁在变法，对这里的居民似乎都影响不大现代作家试图用小城来探讨不在所谓“宏大历史”范畴内的日常的琐碎的具有恒定性、稳定性的小城风景线的存在 三、小城之子的灵魂与人格小城与小城中的人物之间的关系是和谐的，融洽的小城与人之间带有着朦胧的“天人合一”的乡村领悟，有着物我两望的思想境界小城中的人们呈现出一种恬适的心态但小城中的一部分人盲目盲从，随惯性而生活，缺乏思考，没有自我意识，对自己的生活悲剧是浑然不觉，呈现出寂寞的生命状态尽管一部分小城人们是缺乏思想，没有意识的，但是仍然有一些人有着自己的理想与追求，这些人不满于现状，想改变生活，改变环境，想创造一个新的世界但他们的理想与追求最终都归于幻灭 四、小城镇小说创作主体的文化心态小城是小城作家的摇篮，是生长小城作家的厚土，是小城作家的故乡作家对小城饱含着深情当他们离开家乡，漂泊数载，生活无着落，又无法融入都市之时，故乡小城成为他们情感的寄托，精神的栖息地。

然而当他们真正的回到故乡或是以现代文明的眼光来审视故乡时，故乡却已不再是他们理想中的美好状态他们笔下的故乡是对真实故乡生活的过滤，是作家头脑中的理想模式在对故乡小城的回归与审视中，体现了作家深层的悲悯情怀小城作家对其笔下的人物都是满含着同情与哀怜，理解与宽容的，从而呈现出一种悲悯的写作姿态 关键词：关键词：小城镇 小城镇小说 小城风景线 小城之子 文化心态 IIIA Study of Towns Novels of 1930s and 1940s Graduate: Gu Lili Tutor: Liu Tiequn Professional group: China Contemporary Literature Research: Modern Literature Grade:2005 Abstract Abstract Local literature and urban literature in the 20th century Chinese literature history of the development is more striking. Local literature, urban literature in the field of vertical, horizontal, are already developing in depth. However, “small towns“ that the unique geographical space in the literature of the existence of many researchers has been ignored. The literary value of small towns have not been highlighted by. Literature of the small towns are still in the research phase of exploration. In modern times, in fact small towns and rural society, urban society formed a tripartite confrontation, one-third of the world situation. China to move toward modernization in the process of urban and rural areas with the duality of urban and rural small towns is an inevitable result of the conflict, it is between urban and rural areas of the material and cultural bridge, but also convergence of civilizations, the agitation of the space. City of unique cultural content and form, the unique psychological attitude and way of life, and affected the small towns tend to literary themes, the emotional content of expression, aesthetic pursuit, with the formation of urban literature, Native Literature different literary landscape. China has many modern novels about small towns of classical texts, for us to build a rich character and charm of the city in the world literature. This paper to the 20th century 30 to 40 years for the city's study, explained the occurrence of small towns literature, and the development of three 20th century, the 1940s novel of small towns and cultural appearance, and in this study based on the novels of small cities and towns of the main Cultural mentality. This paper from the start on the following four aspects: First, the Chinese Modern Literature in small towns and development. Small towns and the emergence of evolution has its historical origins, in a small town IVin the process of urbanization accompanied by the emergence of features. Small town community is another form of society, “the third community.“ Small towns are the link between urban and rural areas and bridges. On the one hand, its economy has provided goods to the villages, sources on the other hand, it in the city to the village is an extension of the forefront of the buffer zone. As small towns where the special geographical location, it would become a modern and traditional, foreign and local, civilization and backwardness, old and new agitation intersection of the unique cultural space. And the agitation of the buffer, the town formed a unique cultural values. As the town unique geographical location and unique cultural connotations in modern Chinese history and culture will start into the vision of small towns and small cities and towns resulting literature. Three in the 20th century, the 1940s, China's small cities and towns in the upsurge of literary creation. In these works, the novels of the most prominent achievements. During this period the novels of small cities and towns 。