过去完成时态标志.doc

过去完成时态标志一、过去完成时态构成：过去完成时由助动词 had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成二、过去完成时的用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作它表示动作发生在过去的过去与 by、before 等构成的短语连用三、过去完成时的句式1．陈述句（Statements ）They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了从句中 arrived at 到达在过去的时间，而 had already had 吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为过去的过去I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天上午10：00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera. 当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。

I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes. 我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没有出现任何错误2．否定句（Negative）He remembered he hadn't paid for it yet.He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before.他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟3．疑问句（Questions）How many English flushed had you seen by the end of last term?到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片？Had you reached the station before ten o'clock?到十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？四、过去完成时的构成过去完成时由助动词 had (通用于各种人称和数)＋过去分词构成主要表示过去某时前已发生的动作或情况（也可说是过去的过去(一)、主语＋过去完成时＋①when 引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)＋②by 短语＋③by the time 引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)＋④before 引导的从句(注：从句谓语动词为过去式)(二)、1.主语＋had＋hardly(scarcely)＋过去分词＋when(before)＋主语＋一般过去时。

2.主语＋had＋no sooner＋过去分词＋than＋主语＋一般过去时三)、根据上下文的时间关系来确定用过去完成时 (四)、表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图，用过去完成时常用动词有：hope，think，expect，intend，mean，suppose，want 等五)、It was＋时间＋since＋主语＋过去完成时过去完成时常用的时间状语有： 1. by the end of last year. By the end of last term, we had learned 5000 new words. 2. By the time sb. +动词过去式 如：The bus had already left by the time I got there. 主语+had+过去分词 vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had 否定回答：No,主语+hadn't ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词+其他）？ ⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词+其他 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。

与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 由 had 加动词的过去分词构成。