英语动词时态语态课件.ppt

English Basic Tenses (时态)他每天都来 他昨天来了. 他已经来了. 他明天来.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来 表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词 时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.He came yesterday.He has come. He will come tomorrow.He comes every day.语态语态 时态时态主动动一般现现在时时 一般过过去时时 一般将来时时. 过过去将来时时 现现在完成时时 过过去完成时时 现现在进进行时时 过过去进进行时时 现现在完成进进行时时v. / v-s/es V-ed will + v would + v.had + donehave / has + donehave/has been+ V-ingam /is / are + V-ing was / were + V-ing语态语态 时态时态主动动将来进进行时时will be doing 将来完成时时will have done导入之一：How is your daily life as a high school student?( using 3 sentences or more,使用实意动词 和系动词, 注意动词形式变化)2. 用法: 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频 率的时间状语连用，如often, usually, always, every day/year, sometimes, on Sunday等。

2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理 The earth moves around the sun.I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.一、 一般现在时 (The Simple Present tense ) 1. 结构: do/does3）汽车、飞机、会议等按时刻表将要发生的事 The train leaves at three this afternoon.The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.4）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一 般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现If it ___ (be) fine tomorrow ,we _______ (go) to the countryside.If he ______ (come) this afternoon， we__________ (have) a meeting.iswill gocomes will haveExample: I _______ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always ________(play) football and basketball together and we _______ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _______ (be) happy at that time. spentplayeddidn’twere导入之二：How did you spend your childhood?二、一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )1. 结构: 谓动用动词过去式 (V-ed)2. 用法: 在过去时间里所发生的动作或存 在的状态。

常与表示过去时间的时间状 语连用如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等examples: • He was in Beijing some years ago. • She traveled in Europe last year. • When I was at collage, I wrote home once a week. • He wet to town ,bought some books and visited his daughter last Sunday. • He said he would go for a holiday when he finished his work.犹如• picture导入之三：How will you spend your winter holiday?I will…I’m going to…三. 一般将来时.表示将来时的四种形式 ① will / shall + 动词原形 ② be going to do ③ be about to do ④ be to do be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will表示 谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。

① ----The telephone is ringing.----I _____ answer it. A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to② ---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?---I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. had B. would C. was going to D. did be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事 而will 不能表示Look at the clouds! It __________ rain.is going to√√3. be to 表示因约定、计划，职责、义务 要求即将发生的动作, 或客观安排或受 人指示而做某事be going to 表示主观的打算或计划I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.4．be about to do 表示“正要干什么…”， 1)表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时 间状语连用。

2)常与when 连用，when 此时意思： 就在这 时，是并列连词. 构成句型： … be about to do …when….Eg: I was about to leave when it rained. 四.过去将来时(The past future simple Tense) 1. 用法: 过去将来时表示立足于过去某一 时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用 于宾语从句中.2. 结构: 1) should / would + 动词原形 The boy promised he would work hard. I told my parents I should return early.导入之五：What are they doing now?They are playing basketball.五. 现在进行时 1．表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态 ① I don’t really work here. I’m helping until the new secretary comes. ② Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology___ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will changebe (am, are, is)+ doing√2.与always，constantly(不断地；时常地)等连连用 ，表示赞赞成或厌恶厌恶 的感情色彩。

如：他总总是帮助别别人He is always helping others.六. 过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)1. 结构：was/ were + doing 2. 用法:表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动 作或状态常用的时间状语 at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when…, while…, at that time…I first met Lisa three years ago . She ____ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked√3. 与always，forever，constantly连连用， 表示赞赞成或厌恶厌恶 的感情色彩如： 他总总是考虑别虑别 人，从未考虑虑自己He was always thinking of others，never thinking of himself.My brother was always losing his key.七. 现在完成时(The present Perfect Tense) 1. 结构: have (has) + done2.用法: 1). 现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态, 通常用于延续性动词. 常 与表示延续性的时间状语连用, 如: so far, up to now, recently, since, for , over time等． I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.He has lived here since last summer.时间线现在过去lived延续到现在:has livedlast summer since…1.----When did he go to America?---Oh, he ______ there since half a year ago.A. went B. has been C. has gone D. was2.Shelly _____ California for Texas and ____ there ever since. You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico.A. left, worked B. has left, had worked C. left, has worked D. has left , worked√√比较一般过去时与现在完成时 1). 一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在 的状态, 不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表 示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在, 或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。

My family lived in Zhuhai 10 years ago.（现在不在珠海了)My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years.(目前还在珠海)2). 过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用， 而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的 时间状语连用，或无时间状语. I ______ (study) in Zhongshan university in 2000. I ___________ (study) in Zhongshan university since 2000. I _____ just _______ (buy) an apartment. (just表示不确定的时间状语）studiedhave s。