基于虚拟样机技术的悬架参数优化设计及汽车平顺性分析word论文.doc

摘 要 悬架 作为汽车的 重要总成之一 ，其作用是 用来传递车 架和车桥之 间的力和力矩 ，缓冲不平路 面所带来的冲 击，以保证汽 车能比较 平顺的行驶 随着科学技术 的飞速发展， 人们对汽车性 能的要求变高 ，汽车的 行驶平顺性已 经成为各大汽 车制造厂商为 提升产品竞争 力所越来越重 视的一项 性能指标传 统的分析方法 已经跟不上汽 车飞速发展的 脚步，虚拟样 机技术的 应用变得愈发 重要，通过动力学仿真软件 ADAMS 可以对汽车性能进行高效的研究本文首先描述了课题研究的背景，对汽车平顺性和虚拟样机技术的发展历程进行概述，然后对多体动力学理论和动力学自动分析软件 ADAMS 进行了介绍接着对麦弗逊式独立悬架的结构进行分析，以此为基础在 ADMAS/Car 中建立麦 弗逊前独立悬 架的简化仿真 模型，在软件 中分别进 行双轮同向和 双轮反向激振 情况下的悬架 运动学仿真， 根据仿真分析 结果得到 不符合设计要 求的车轮定位参数，并以此定位参数的优化设计为目标，运用 ADAMS/Insight 的 DOE 试验设 计功能找出对 此定位参数影 响较大的悬架 结构设计 硬点，并比较 优化前后的仿真分析结果，对优化目标进行验证。

最后在 ADMAS/Car 中建立双横臂式后独立悬架、转向系统、前后车轮、车身以及动力系统的虚拟仿真模型，在 ADAMS/Car Ride 模块中选择四柱振动试验台和 各总成系统组 装成整车虚拟 样机模型；介 绍国内外 的平顺性评价 方法，依据 GB/T 4970—2009 的要求在 ADAMS/Car Ride 中生成所需路面，对整车进行随机输 入和三角形脉 冲输入路面下 的平顺性仿真 ，根据仿 真分析的结果 对整车平顺性进行评价全文以在 ADAMS 中所建立的模型为基础，初步实现了在计算机上对汽车悬架 性能和整车平 顺性的仿真分 析，对于汽车 制造厂商 在产品研发过 程中缩短设计周期、降低开发成本和提高产品质量都有非常重要的意义关键词：虚拟样机技术，悬架参数优化设计，平顺性，ADAMS I Abstract As an important assembly of automobile, suspension is to transfer the force and torque between the frame and the axle, buffering the impact of uneven pavement, so as to ensure cars to drive smooth. With the rapid development of science and technology people's request to automobile per formance becomes higher, the ride-ability of vehicle has become a very important performance metrics when the car is in the development stage. The traditional method of analysis has not kept up with the rapid pace of development of automobile, the application of virtual prototype technology becomes more and more important, developers can do research on vehicle performance efficient through the dynamics simulation software of ADAMS. This paper first describes the research background, the development of ride-ability and virtual prototype technology, and detail the theory of mu lti-bodied dynamics and the dynamics simulation software of ADAMS. Then analysis the structural of the McPherson suspen sion, establish a simplified model of McPherson suspension in the module of ADMAS/Car, and do the kinematics simulation of suspension in the excitation of parallel wheel travel and opposite wheel travel. According to the results of simulation, we get the wheel alignment parameter which is not up to the requirement of design. Taking this parameter as the target, we use the DOE function of ADAMS/Insight to modify the coordinate of hard point that is associated with the parameter. By comparing the results before and after, it verifies the feasibility of this method. At last, establish the double wishbone suspension 、steering system、power systems、wheels and body by ADAMS, and get the virtual prototype model of thevehicle by get those parts and Four Post TestRig together in the module of Ride. The evaluation methods of ride-ability at home and abroad are introduced detailed. Generate the needed pavement according to GB/T 4970 – 2009, and do the ride-ability simulation of the vehicle on the random road and the pulse road, finally evaluate the ride-ability according to the results.Based on the model, the paper achieved the goal that preliminary simulation II analysis of the performance of suspension and the ride-ability. This method has very important significance, it can shorten design cycle、lower cost and improve product quality in the development stages. Key words ： Virtual Prototyping Technology, Optimal Design of Suspension Parameters, Ride-ability, ADAMSIII 目录 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 绪论 .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 虚拟样机技术 .................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 平顺性国内外研究现状 .................................................................................................. 2 1.4 研究内容 .......................................................................................................................... 3 第 2 章 多体动力学理论及 ADAMS 软件介绍 ........................................................................... 5 2.1 多体动力学介绍 .............................................................................................................. 5 2.2 虚拟样机技术介绍 .....................................。