动词的ing或ed形式做定语讲解与练习.docx

用作定语时，动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词，动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词动词的-ing形式做定语在句常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前 置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语如：1. He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运发动表示运发动的特征）2. He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题表示“令人•••.“）3. A little child learning to walkoften falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤表示被修饰词的动作或状态， 动词短语后置）4. Do you know the number of people coming to the party?尔知道来参加晚会的人数吗？（表示被修饰词 的动作或状态，动词短语后置）注意：当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句如：1. A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.一A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。

2. The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.一The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹另外需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作是正在进展的工作或习惯性的动作，如果和主句 谓语的动作不能同时发生时，那么不能用-ing形式做定语而必须用定语从句形式如：昨天来我们学校的那位教授在明天给我们做报告3. The professor who came to our school yesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow.不正确的表述：The professor coming to our school yesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow. 总结：-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考察，即：1）说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途如：1. They set up an operating table in a small temple .他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里2. He may be in the reading room， for all I know .他说不定在阅览室里。

3. Ladies and gentlemen， please go and wait in the meeting room. 女士们先生们，请去会议室等待2） 与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进展的动作或习惯性的动作如：1. There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习2. Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?正在和我们英语教师谈话的那位妇女是谁？3） 有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……"常用的此类词 有:exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving， interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening 等如：1. That must have been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。

2. The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功3. There is a page missing from this book .这本书缺了一页4）有些-ing形式已经转化成名词，常做定语用来修饰物The scanning electron micrographs 这些电镜扫描照片除了-ing形式能做定语外，如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做，常做后置定语如：1. The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校2. The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的ing形式做定语专练1. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the .A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remainC.remained 20 dollars D.remaining 20 dollars.2. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover3.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany.A.study;of whom B.study;of themC.studying;of them D.studying;of whom4. The question at present has something important to do with our daily life.A.to be discussing B.to discussC.been discussed D.being discussed5. China is a country to the third world.A.developed;belongs B.developing;belongingC.developing;belongs D.developed;belonged6. Who is the man to the teacher? A model worker our school.A.talks,visits B.is talking;is visitingC.talking;visiting D.talking;visited7. How many of us , say,a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion?A.attend B.attending C.to attend D.have attended8. The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt答案:D A D D B C B B一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧，渐渐地成为一个复合词。

这种分词叫分词形容 词，实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词，除表示“已完成〃的动作之外，还表示“被动〃的 意义如：spoken English （英语口 语）；iced beer （冰冻啤酒）;cooked food （熟食）;fried chips （炸土豆条）；但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成〃的动作，而不表示“被动〃意义如： boiled water（开水）；fallen leaves（落叶）；the risen sun（升起的太阳）等1. The tall man is a returned student.高个子的那个人是个归国留学生2. My parents are both retired teachers.我的父母都是退休教师1） 前置定语单个的动词-ed形式，一般放在被修饰的名词的前面，作前置定语The excited people rushed into building. 冲动的人们冲进大楼Lost time can never be found again.虚度的时光，无法挽回2） 后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式，如left等，只能作后置定语1. Everything used should be marked.所有用过的东西应该做好标记。

2. The books left are for my students.剩下的书是给我的学生的②动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定 语从句1. Is there anything planned for tonight?今 晚有什么活动吗？（=That has been planned for tonight）2. The meeting， attended by a lot of people， was a success .这次会议有很多人 出席，开得很成功which was attended by a lot of people）1） Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited2） The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having written B.to be written C. being written D. written3） The Olympic games， in 776 BC， didn't include women players until 1912.A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. tobe first playing4） Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores.A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying5） Mr. Smith， of the speech， started to read a novel.A. tired， boring B. tiring， bored C. tired， bored D. tir。