新概念第二册Lesson28重要词组及语法讲解.doc

L28 No ParkingWarm-up:1.What is Jasper's trouble ?2. What has he put up outside his gate ?3.Why has he put the stone head of Medusa over his gate ?It was believed that Medusa used to be a beautiful girl, who was deeply loved by Poseidon. She was too proud and she even tried to compete her beauty with the goddess in the Parthenon. Athena was exasperated. She cast a spell (向…施法)on Medusa, turned her fair hair into vipers. The horrible thing is, Medusa’s eyes have shocking lights. Anyone who see her in the eyes will turn to stone statue.1.Is their anything that annoys you very much about other people’s behaviour?2.What ‘rules’ would you like to make for cars and their owners? Give your reasons.3.Do you believe in modern myths? Can you think of any modern myths?one of1. 后接可数名词复数，表示什么中的一个，动词用单数第三人称。

One of the apples has gone bad.She is one of my best friends.2. 定语从句：在定语从句的习惯使用中，one of 后面的名词是复数，这个复数名词制约后面的定语从句的谓语动词，因而 know 不作加 s. 而在 one of 前面有 the 或 the only 时，后面引导的定语从句中的谓语动词则用单数形式如：He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.He is one of the boys who enjoy playing basketball.He is the only one of the boys who enjoys playing basketball.Tom 是得满分的学生中的一个Tome 是唯一一个得了满分的学生rare1. 稀有的，罕见的，珍奇的The black-necked crane, one of the rarest species in the world...黑颈鹤，世界最稀有的物种之一。

She likes to collect all kinds of rare stamps.她喜欢收集各种稀有邮票2. 少见的，不常发生的It is rare occasion when he eats alone.他一个人吃饭的情况很少见3. 品质好的，杰出的Ferris has a rare ability to record her observations on paper.费里斯具备把自己的观察结果记录下来的超强能力It was a rare pleasure to see him in action.看他打球是一种享受4. （肉类）半熟的，嫩的Thick tuna steaks are eaten rare, like beef.像牛肉一样，厚的金枪鱼排做到半熟即可食用Waiter, I specifically asked for this steak rare.服务员，我特别强调了这块牛排要做得嫩些ancientadj.古代的，古老的， ；年老的；老式的They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning.他们认为古代希腊罗马是知识的重要发源地。

People in ancient time doesn’t know what a computer is.古代的人不知道电脑是什么n.古代人The ancients knew more than we do about the heavens.古代人对于上天比我们知道得多trouble n./v. 麻烦；烦恼have trouble (in) doing ,have trouble with +n.trouble 是可数名词，变复数加 s相关短语:a sea of troubles 困难重重ask for trouble [口]自讨苦吃be in troubles with 和...闹纠纷get into trouble 招致不幸, 陷入困境, 遭受处罚 (使) 未嫁怀孕 被捕, 坐牢get out of trouble (使)摆脱不幸[ 困境]; (使) 免受责骂[ 处罚 ]make trouble 闹事, 捣乱make trouble for 给 ...带来麻烦save oneself the trouble (of) 省掉(...的)麻烦take (the) trouble 尽力设法; 不怕费事teething trouble 出牙期的病痛; [喻] 事情开始时的暂时困难trouble sb. for sth. [口]麻烦某人做某事(如递某物、告诉时间、比赛分数等, 常用于疑问句)Never trouble troubles until troubles trouble you. 永远不要自寻烦恼。

Let sleeping dog lie. 不要自找麻烦 如果你在学校闹事，我就不再给你零花钱了虽然在他成功的道路上困难重重，他仍将不遗余力地做好这个实验这么热的天，别自找麻烦问 Tom 借车你会为晚上难以入睡而烦恼吗？不可否认的是 Tom 在学校里是一个出了名的捣蛋鬼because &because of1. because of + sth./doing sth.Because of the bad weather, they put off the trip. 因为糟糕的天气，他们推迟了出行2. Because + 句子Because he has had lunch already, he isn‘t hungry now. 因为他已经吃过中饭了，所以现在并不饿effect n.1. 影响；效果Parents worry about the effect of music on their young children’s behaviors.父母担心音乐对青春期孩子的行为所产生的影响2.（电影）特效，特技The effects in a film are the specially created sounds and scenery.电影中的特效是经过特殊处理的声音和场景。

常用词组：direct effect 直接效应edge effect 边缘效应side effect 副作用take effect 生效in effect 实际上have an effect 有效果have no effect 没有效果bring into effect 实行，实现have an effect on sth. 对……有影响have an effect of sth. 有一个……的影响长远地看，你今天付出的努力对未来的成功都有很大的影响他的声音有振奋人心的作用ever since主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 自从；自…以后；从…起 He's been here ever since Monday. 他从星期一起就在这里Ever since he moved to London, I haven`t seen him.自从他搬去伦敦后，我再也没见过他Have you been living there ever since you graduated ? 你是不是毕业后一直住在那里？ since1. 表示“自从……以来”2. 表示“既然”之意但如果只了解词的含义，而不了解其用法，在使用时就会造成错误。

例如：I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai. 1. 若 since 引导的状语从句的谓语动词是 瞬时性的，则从句表示的时间是 “从动作开始的那一时刻起” He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力 We have been missing them since they left here 自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们 2. 若 since 引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起 ”I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. 我醒后还未听到任何声音sleep 为持续性动词， sleep 的动作结束时，即“ 醒来”时）John is now with his parents in New York, it is/ has already been three years since he was a teacher.约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不当教师已经三年了。

How long is it/ has it been since you lived in Shanghai?你离开（没住在）上海多久了？ It is/ has been half a month since he was a League member.他退团（不当团员）半个月了 It’s / has been quite some time since I was last in London 我离开伦敦已很长时间了 比较：He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信 （从句谓语为状态动词） He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信 （从句谓语为终止性动词）3. 若 since 引导的状语从句的谓语为持续性动词的现在完成时，则表示动作和状态延续到现在（说话时刻） ，其表示的时间的起点应从动作发生之时算起如： I haven’t heard from him since he has lived there 这里 has lived 表示动作的持续性，时间的起点应从：“开始居住 ”时算起。

因此此句可理解为“自从他（开始）住在那儿起，我就一直没收到他的来信” Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year自从我们自己有了汽车，我们每年都去野营 试比较：1. Since I’ve been at this school, we have had three headmasters.自从我到这所学校，我们已换了三个校长了 Since I was at this school, they have had thr。